equity and sustainability in a new era
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john a. powellMay 21 s t , 2009
PRISCMSustainable Calvert Forum
S pec i a l tha nks to S pons ors :THE AFFO RDABLE HO U S IN G C O ALITIO N,
C O N C ER NED BLAC K WO MEN O F C ALVERT, THE IN TERFAITH C O UN C IL , AN D THE PU BLIC L IBR ARY
Equity and Sustainability in a New Era
Presentation Overview
Calvert County TrendsRegional ContextEconomic Recovery & BRAC Impact What’s Next for Maryland and Calvert
County?
Calvert County
Calvert County has benefitted from growth
Opportunity mapping shows Calvert as having high opportunity…
Source: U.S. Census 2000, Kirwan Institute
Infrastructure Development
Military investments in DowellInfrastructure investments:
Maryland RTA Thomas Johnson Bridge Maryland Route 4
Photo Source: Calvert Marine Museum, kid baltimore
Growth in Calvert County
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
Calvert County Maryland Population
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Growth in Calvert County
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
-0.050
0.050.1
0.150.2
0.250.3
Change in Population by County: 2000-2007
Growth in Calvert County
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,000
Uni
ts
Calvert County Housing Construction
Calvert County Change
In 1850, African Americans comprised 62.4% of the county’s population
By 1930, African Americans were 47.4% of the population, remaining somewhat stable
Since the opening of a Navy training site in 1942, the African American population has continued to decrease …to today’s 13% Rising cost of living (push) Job opportunities closer to
D.C. and Baltimore (pull)Photo from BaltimoreSun.com
Source: Calvert County, Maryland; www.co.cal.md.us
Calvert County Change (con’t)
Many African Americans moved to the D.C. and Baltimore areas… However, recent rising costs to live in those areas has
led to some residents moving back to Calvert County, while others are being priced out of the region altogether
Photo from DCGentrification.com
Who lives in Calvert County?
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
Calvert Maryland
Demographic Trends
White
Black
Male
Female
Owner Occupied
Renter Occupied
Source: U.S. Census 2000
Who lives in Calvert County?
Source: U.S. Census 2000
0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%
10.0%12.0%14.0%16.0%
White Black White Black
Calvert Maryland
Pct. Below Poverty Level in 1999
Who lives in Calvert County (con’t)?
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1970 1980 1990 2000 2007 (estimate)
Calvert County Demographic Trends
Black White Other
Change in Poverty by Race: 1990-2000
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
Anne Arundel Baltimore County Calvert Harford Howard Montgomery Prince George's Baltimore City
1989 % of Whites Below Poverty 1999 % of Whites Below Poverty 1989 % of Blacks Below Poverty 1999 % of Blacks Below Poverty
Increasing inequality in Calvert County
(U.S. Census 2000) % African AmericanMedian Household Income
(in 2007 dollars)% With at least Bachelor's Degree % Below Poverty Level
Maryland 27.7% $65,797 11.9% 8.3%
Calvert County 13.0% $82,072 9.1% 4.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
(A.C.S. 2007) % African American Median Household Income % With at least Bachelor's Degree % Below Poverty Level
Maryland 28.8% $66,873 12.8% 8.0%
Calvert County 13.2% $88,989 11.7% 4.7%
Despite an 8.4% increase in median household income between 2000 and 2007, poverty also increased in Calvert County during the same period.
Regional context
Regional Opportunity
DC Metro Area Indicators
Thompson indicators
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20
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Economic Recovery & BRAC
BRAC Impact
While Fort Monmouth will be closing, Aberdeen Proving ground will be gaining 14,159 employees, and will see a $6.5 billion per year increase in research and development activity
Fort Meade will gain 10,679 employees, including 4,300 from Arlington.
Source: BaltimoreSun.com
Calvert Co.
BRAC Impact on Maryland
Md. officials to announce $65 million for BRACThe Associated Press 8:19 AM EDT May 1, 2009 Maryland officials say the state is set to receive about $65
million to help with transportation needs related to military base realignment.The money will is slated to help pay for improvements to roads and mass transit near the Aberdeen Proving Ground in Harford County and Fort Meade in Anne Arundel County.Maryland is preparing for nearly 30,000 jobs that are headed to the state due to the 2005 base realignment and closure process.
http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/local/brac/bal-brac0501,0,7235338.story
The ARRA Impact on Maryland
A proposed $1 billion dollar investment in MD
$17 MM to Calvert County
How will the Recovery Act impact the opportunity landscape? Equitable opportunity? Decreased disparity?
…or the reverse??
27
The Recession & Recovery
Although the U.S. has been in a recession for more than a year, people of color have been in a recession for nearly five years and have entered a depression during the current economic crisis
The black family poverty rate increased 2.8% from 2000 to 2007.
The Hispanic family poverty rate (19.7%) is roughly twice that of the overall poverty rate (9.8%) Yet African Americans and Latinos are under-
represented in the industries targeted through the Reinvestment Act
MOVING MARYLAND AND CALVERT COUNTY TOWARDS
TRUE SUSTAINABILITY
What’s Next?
What is sustainability in the 21st Century?
We need integration with opportunity to have a truly just and sustainable society A society where a geographic identifier does
not predict an individual’s life chances Diverse (healthy, integrated) economic, social,
religious, civic, neighborhood, housing and academic options for all
A society where everyone has the means to live a life they have reason to value (Amartya Sen)
**Public funding shrinks opportunity divides, it does not widen them**
Sustainability for people
Daniel Janzen, the world’s foremost tropical biologist writes: “Here's what nature does for us no matter who we are or where we live...Human animals carry around this big brain, this big device for processing input. Part of our ability to use that device depends on the complex stimuli that challenged it throughout our evolution. Nature — whatever is out there, from a single tree to a whole forest — provides a big wad of the possible information that we can process. If you diminish nature, you diminish the diversity of those stimuli. When we don’t get input from nature, we don’t end up having much sense of smell, hearing, or vision. Television becomes our reality. The Importance of the Outdoors in Children's Lives, Bright Horizons E-Family
News
Inequality in Maryland
Maryland experienced the 7th largest growth in the U.S. in income inequality over the last two decades.
The richest 20 percent of Maryland families
have average incomes 7.3 times as large as the State’s poorest 20 percent of families.
The average income of the poorest fifth of families did not change significantly.
Source: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities
Inequality in Maryland
Source: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities
Inequality in Maryland
Title I funds to Maryland increased at a rate more than twice that of Washington and Virginia in the last two years.
In Maryland, Title I funds went from almost $170 million in 2006 to more than $191 million in 2008, representing an increase of more than 12%.
Economists and advocates say this increase points to climbing unemployment, a persistent income gap, and pockets of concentrated poverty.Source: Erika Woodward, “Federal Funding Shows Poverty May be on Rise in MD.” Sothern
Maryland Online. May 6, 2009; citing U.S. Department of Education statistics.
Foreclosure Impacts
State- and region- wide, foreclosures have surged in the third quarter of 2008: Maryland up 22% D.C. quadrupled VA tripled
The top three counties in MD foreclosures, second quarter 2008: Prince George’s County (32.0%) Montgomery County (14.7%) Baltimore City (11.1%)
The Price of Inequities
Wasted Creative Capacity The wasted creative capacity associated with a lack of
social, economic and educational opportunity drags down competitive strength.
Fragmented Economic Voice To attract investment in the global economy, regions must
act collectively to promote themselves, and they must align key infrastructure and assets to be more innovative, efficient and competitive
Paying for Exclusion Residential segregation is fueled by exclusionary housing
policies, but these policies come at a price for all residents
Inefficient Infrastructure and Government Services Regions that are highly fragmented into hundreds of local
governments are often inefficient (redundant) with respect to infrastructure and government services
Equitable Recovery
Moving Beyond Reactionary Recovery Recognizing our linked fate Developing equitable systems Ensuring sustainable investment and recovery
Equitable Recovery
Towards an Equitable Recovery Transparency and Accountability Targeted Universalism Equity and Opportunity for All
Source: http://statestat.maryland.gov/recovery.asp
Communities of Opportunity
Everyone should have fair access to the critical opportunity structures needed to succeed in life
Affirmatively connecting people to opportunity creates positive, transformative change in communities
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Housing
ChildcareEmployment
Education
Health
Transportation
Effective Participation
Housing is opportunity anchor and key leverage point
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Neighborhoods shape access to schools….
40
Jobs…
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…impacts health &safety, determines access to neighborhood resources…
42
Calvert County’s Comprehensive Plan
Calvert County’s Comprehensive Plan promotes both environmental stewardship and cultural and ethnic diversity How to affirmatively act
on this plan Don’t lose the third E in
Sustainability Environment Economic development EQUITY
Calvert County’s Housing Opportunities
While working to maintain the rural nature of the County, the Board of County Commissioners has also initiated a number of strategies to encourage the development of housing to meet the diverse needs of its citizens. These initiative include:
Establishment of the Calvert Housing Opportunities Loan Fund, which provides start-up funding to encourage the development of affordable housing and bridge loans for single-family home ownership;
Partnership with the State of Maryland to provide down-payment and closing cost assistance for first-time homebuyers through the House Keys 4 Employees Program;
Incorporation of new Planning & Zoning tools to provide additional opportunities for the construction of affordable housing within the County, including accessory apartments over or adjacent to businesses and a pilot project to promote duplexes, triplexes or quadplexes in certain zoning categories;
Waiver of the purchase of Transfer Development Rights (TDRs), (required for increased density housing) available for qualifying affordable housing developments.
The development of a Housing Information Guide, which provides a listing of local housing resources.
http://www.co.cal.md.us/business/housingopportunites/
Calvert County’s Housing Opportunities
These measures are a good start, but will not do enough without also: Affirmatively recruiting (and maintaining) families
from across the region with housing outreach services (i.e. counseling)
Producing a variety of affordable housing types (i.e. three-bedroom apartments) For example, “Granny flats” affirmatively recruit and
meet the needs of the elderly population but will not meet the needs of lower-income families
Opportunity Based Housing: Integration into Opportunity
Rethink fair housing…Not just integration but integration into
opportunityInclusive fair housing means access to good
schools, jobs, doctors, child care, transportation, parks, and the civic fabric
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Linked Fate
New paradigm for social justice work Strengthen our democracy Re-conceptualize society to promote the
political, economic, spiritual, and psychological health of all Recognize the interconnectedness of our
being and our fate Reject the myth of scarcity Target within universalism
Collaborate and focus on coalition building
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