frank leone felipe morera austin pezoldt. adaptive strategy definition: the unique way each culture...

Frank LeoneFelipe MoreraAustin Pezoldt

Adaptive StrategyDefinition: The unique way each culture uses

its particular environment; those aspects of culture that serve to provide the necessities of life – food, clothing, shelter, & defense.

Example: Fishing in Iceland

Built EnvironmentDefinition: The part of physical landscape

that represents material culture; the buildings, roads, bridges, and similar structures large and small, of the cultural landscape.New York City

Folk CultureDefinition: The body of instruction, customs,

dress, artifacts, collective wisdoms, and traditions of a homogeneous, isolated, largely self sufficient, and relatively static social group.

Folk FoodDefinition: The retention in a new

environment of the food preferences and recipes that had their origin in a different homeland. Hunting and gathering, cultivating

food, and domesticating animalssuited to the environment.

Folk HousingBuildings are limited in their materials by the

recourses available in the environment. This means that if trees are available, then the houses will probably be made of wood. If wood is not available then the houses would be made of something else.New England style houses

Folk SongsExample: North American folk music began as

immigrants brought their songs to the new world and began to Americanize them.

Definition: A song that normally is passed from mouth to mouth through generations, as tradition.

FolkloreDefinition: Legends, oral history, proverbs,

and popular beliefs that are the traditions of the culture.Example: Fairy tales

Material CultureThe relationship between artifacts and social

relationsA cellphone

Nonmaterial CultureThe nonphysical ideas that people have about

their culture Beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals,

language, organizations, and institutions

(Abraham)

Popular CultureFound in large heterogeneous societies, that

share certain habits despite differences in other characteristics.Wearing jeans

CreoleA pidgin language that requires fuller

vocabularies and becomes native languages.Haitian Creole

DialectA variant form of a language were mutual

comprehension is possible.The American vs British version of English

Indo-european languagesThe largest and most wide spread language

family spoken on all continents.Germanic,Romance,balto slavic, and indo

iranian.

IsoglossIndicate the border of individual words and

pronunciationThe southern dialect vs Midland dialect border.

LanguageA mutual agreed system of symbolic

communication.English

Language familyTongues that are related and share a

common ancestor.The afro-asiatic

Language subfamilyA sub division of a language family

French, Spanish, and Italian are inside the romance family.

Lingua francaA language of communication and commerce.

English

Linguistic diversityThe degree variability of language within a

given area.African tribal languages.

MonolingualSomeone who speaks only one language.

Multilingual

Someone who can speak more then two languages.

Official language

The required language of instruction in education, the government, and activities.French, in Chad

PidginA amalgamation of languages usually a

simpler form of one, that borrows from another.Congolese + French

ToponymyPlace name that can reflect a variety of

things.United Kingdom(UK)

Trade languageA language, used by speakers of different

native languages for communication in commercial trade.English

AcculturationThe adoption by an ethnic group of enough of

the ways of the host society to be able to function economically and socially.The loss of native American societies.

AssimilationThe complete blending of an ethnic group

into the host society, reading in the loss of all distinctive ethnic traits.Immigrants coming to the united states.

Cultural adaptationThe complex strategies human groups

employ to live successfully as part of a natural system.Immigrants learning the official language while

in the country.

Cultural ecologyStudy of the relationship between cultural

group and its natural enviroment.Japanese killing whales

Cultural idenityThe way one is influenced by belonging to a

group or culture.

Cultural landscapeThe artificial landscape

The visible human imprints on the land

Cultural realmsAn culture that has cultural distinction that

differentiate from other cultures. Middle east

CultureA total way of life held in common by a group

of people.Speech,ideology,behaviors,living hood,

technology, and government.

Culture regionAn area occupied by people who have

something formalFormal: An area inhabited by people who

have one or more cultural traits in commonLanguage, religon.

Functional regionA area organized by a node or focal point.

Television stations in Iowa.

Vernacular regionOne that is perceived to exist by its

inhabitants.

Diffusion typesExpansion diffusion: An innovation or idea

develops in a hearth and remains strong there while also spreading outward.Hierarchical expansion: A pattern in which

the main channel of diffusion is some segement of those who are susceptible to what is being diffused

Contagious diffusion:A form of expansion in which nearly all adjacent individuals and places are affected.

Relocation diffusionThe actual movement of individuals who have

already adopted the idea or innovation, and who carry it to a new distant locale where they proceed to disseminate.The distribution of AIDS in the united states.

Innovation adoptionChange to a culture that result from ideas

created within the socials group itself and adopted by the culture.

Maladaptive diffusionDiffusion in which image comes before

practicalityRanch style house

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