genetics review

GENETICS REVIEW

ROUND 1 – 5 POINTS EACH

ROUND 2 – 10 POINTS EACH

ROUND 3 - 15 POINTS EACH

1. Below is a picture of what type of mutation?

Normal Mutated

1. Below is a picture of what type of mutation?

Point Mutation

You will need to know:

How to read codons and translate them into amino acids

2. Phenotypic Ratio:__________________

Genotypic Ratio: __________________

T

t

T t

T T

T t

T t

t t

T

t

T t

T T

T t

T t

t t

You will need to know:

The difference between genotypes and phenotypes

How to find ratios vs. percentages

2. Phenotypic Ratio:__________________

Genotypic Ratio: __________________

3 : 1

1: 2 : 1

3. Create a punnett square for an X-linked recessive trait. The mother is a carrier and the father has the recessive trait. Complete the Punnett.

XB XbXB

Xb

Xb Y

You will need to know:

How to read and create punnett squares AND how sex-linked traits are inherited.

XB Y

Xb Xb Xb Y

3. Create a punnett square for an X-linked recessive trait. The mother is a carrier and the father has the recessive trait. Complete the Punnett.

4. What is the genotype of the circled offspring?

TG Tg tG tg

TG

Tg

tG

tg

4. What is the genotype of the circled offspring?

ttGG

You will need to know:

How to read a dihybrid cross

5. What are the possible genotypes for someone with “B” blood?

5. What are the possible genotypes for someone with “B” blood?

You will need to know:

The genotypes for the different blood types

lB lB or lBi

6. What keeps siblings (that are not identical twins) genetically different from one another?

A. Mitosis

B. Mutations

C. Crossing Over

D. Blood Types

6. What keeps siblings (that are not identical twins) genetically different from one another?

A. Mitosis

B. Mutations

C. Crossing Over

D. Blood Types

ROUND 2

1. When there are two alleles that are expressed equally it is called?

1. When there are two alleles that are expressed equally it is called?

Co-dominance

You will need to know:

The definition of co-dominance AND an example

2. All organisms have ATCG in their DNA. How are we all different then?

A. The sequences of the ATCG’s are different for each individual organism.

B. Because sometimes there is “U”

C. The ATCG stand for different things in different species.

D. The codons in other organisms code for different amino acids.

2. All organisms have ATCG in their DNA. How are we all different then?

A. The sequences of the ATCG’s are different for each individual organism.

B. Because sometimes there is “U”

C. The ATCG stand for different things in different species.

D. The codons in other organisms code for different amino acids.

3. When a dark blue flower is mixed with a no-pigment flower and it produces light blue

flowers, this is called _____________ dominance.

3. When a red flower is mixed with a no-pigment flower and it produces pink flowers,

this is called _____________ dominance.

Incomplete

You will need to know:

The definition of Incomplete dominance AND an example

_________________ cells are cells with half the number of chromosomes.

An example of these type of cells are:_____________________________

_________________ cells are cells with two of each type of chromosome. An example of these types of cells are:____________________________

4.

_________________ cells are cells with half the number of chromosomes.

An example of these type of cells are:_____________________________

_________________ cells are cells with two of each type of chromosome. An example of these types of cells are:____________________________

4. HAPLOID

SEX CELLS

DIPLOID

BODY CELLS

5. The end result of Meiosis is…….

A. 4 Diploid cells containing 23 Chromosomes

B. 4 Identical Haploid cells

C. 2 Identical Diploid cells

D. 4 Haploid cells that are not identical

5. The end result of Meiosis is…….

A. 4 Diploid cells containing 23 Chromosomes

B. 4 Identical Haploid cells

C. 2 Identical Diploid cells

D. 4 Haploid cells that are not identical

6. Height and skin color are examples of?

A. Incomplete Dominance

B. Co-dominance

C. Polygenic Inheritance

D. Simple Dominance

6. Height and skin color are examples of?

A. Incomplete Dominance

B. Co-dominance

C. Polygenic Inheritance

D. Simple Dominance

You will need to know:

The definition of polygenic inheritance and examples

A family has had six female offspring.

What are the odds (percentage wise) that their next child will be a girl?

WORTH 20 POINTS

A family has had six female offspring.

What are the odds (percentage wise) that their next child will be a girl?

WORTH 20 POINTS

50%

ROUND 3

1. All the children in a family have AB blood.

Which of the following genotype combinations could the parents possess?

A. Both parents are AB

B. One parent is heterozygous A and the other is heterozygous B

C. One parent is homozygous A and the other is homozygous B

D. All of the above

E. None of the above

1. All the children in a family have AB blood.

Which of the following genotype combinations could the parents possess?

A. Both parents are AB

B. One parent is heterozygous A and the other is heterozygous B

C. One parent is homozygous A and the other is homozygous B

D. All of the above

E. None of the above

2. How is it possible to have two parents that do not have a genetic disorder give birth to a child

that does have it.

Show evidence that this can happen.

2. How is it possible to have two parents that do not have a genetic disorder give birth to a child

that does have it.

Show evidence that this can happen.

If Both parents are carriers, then they can pass it to their child.

3. What are the allele combinations that can be found in a person’s sex cells if their genotype is

AaBb?

3. What are the allele combinations that can be found in a person’s sex cells if their genotype is

AaBb?

AB , Ab , aB , ab

You will need to know:

How to figure out allele combinations for gametes when creating a dihybrid cross

S – sphereical

s – wrinkled

Y – yellow

y - green

4. Name two things a doctor can discover by looking at a karyotype.

4. Name two things a doctor can discover by looking at a karyotype.

Gender, and chromosomal abnormalities (like # or shape)

5. What is the phenotype of the circled offspring?

P – purple

p - yellow

S - Speckled

s - striped

5. What is the phenotype of the circled offspring?

P – purple

p - yellow

S - Speckled

s - striped

Purple and striped

You will need to know:

How to fill in a dihybrid cross

6. Below is a ________________ of what you would find in a ____________ cell.

6. Below is a ________________ of what you would find in a ____________ cell.

Karyotype

Haploid