globally harmonized system for hazard communication

ADOSH Arizona Division of Occupational Safety and Health Administration

800 W. Washington Street,

Phoenix, AZ 85007

Consultation: 602-542-1769

GLOBALLY HARMONIZED SYSTEM

for HAZARD COMMUNICATION

Steven Weberman, Industrial Hygienist

ADOSH IH Consultant, 602-542-1655

weberman.steve@dol.gov

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Outline GHS overview

Changes to the Hazard Communication Standard

Effective Dates

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Introduction 1983: OSHA’s Mandates the Hazard

Communication Standard - 1910.1200. Written Program Inventory List Labeling MSDS Employee Training & Information

2015, Major Overhaul to the Standard !

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GHS Overview “Globally Harmonized System of the

Classification & Labeling of Chemicals and Safety Data Sheets”

United Nations guidance for a uniform (harmonized) hazard communication system• Initiated at the 1992 United Nations Conference on

Environment and Development (UNCED) Based on ”major” existing systems

• USA and Canadian systems for the workplace, workplace, consumers and pesticides

• European Union directives for classification and labeling of substances and preparations

• United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods.

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OSHA rule Major changes to the Hazard

Communication Standards Changed “hazard determination” to “hazard

classification” Changed “MSDS” to “SDS” Changed definitions to comply with GHS Labels for shipped containers must have

GHS information• Workplace labels may be GHS labels, or other

labels that identify the material and hazards that are as effective as the GHS labels.

Safety Data Sheets with 16 sections• Will include guidance for transportation

information and environmental hazards.

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OSHA rule

Other OSHA standards will be affected where applicable (incorporated by reference)• New wording on warning signs for

asbestos and other health hazards.

• Affected standards include: HAZWOPER, Combustible and Flammable Liquids, Welding, Cutting and Brazing, Chemical Hygiene Plan, Permit-Required Confined Space Entry, etc.

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GHS Overview Elements

Harmonized criteria for classifying substances and mixtures according to their health, environmental and physical hazards

Harmonized hazard communication elements, including requirements for labeling and safety data sheets.

http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_rev04/04files_e.html

GHS “Purple Book”

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GHS Overview

Justification Label requirements differ, requiring

multiple labels for the same product Hazard definitions are not consistent

• Toxicity, Flammability Over 100 diverse hazard

communication regulations for manufacturer’s products globally.• Regulatory compliance is complex and

costly• Barrier to international trade in chemicals

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GHS Overview Key Guiding Principles of the

Harmonization Process

Protection will not be reduced

Will be based on intrinsic properties (hazards) of chemicals

All types of chemicals will be covered

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I. GHS - Hazard Classification

Defined criteria are used to assign a hazard classification

Physical Hazards• 16 categories

Health Hazards• 10 categories

Environmental Hazards

Mixtures GHS classification guidance for when chemicals

are mixed for in house use or when exported.

GHS - Hazard Classification

Physical Hazards (16)

Explosives Flammable Gases Flammable Aerosols Oxidizing Gases Gases Under Pressure Flammable Liquids Flammable Solids Self-Reactive

Substances

Pyrophoric Liquids Pyrophoric Solids Self-Heating

Substances Substances which, in

contact with water, emit flammable gases

Oxidizing Liquids Oxidizing Solids Organic Peroxides Corrosive to Metals

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GHS - Hazard Classification

Health Hazards (10) Acute Toxicity Skin

Corrosion/Irritation Serious Eye

Damage/Eye Irritation Respiratory or Skin

Sensitization Germ Cell

Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity

Reproductive Toxicology

Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Single Exposure

Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Repeated Exposure

Aspiration Toxicity

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GHS - Hazard Classification

Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment -

Acute aquatic toxicity

Chronic aquatic toxicity• Bioaccumulation potential• Rapid degradability

Labels Symbols (hazard pictograms) with red

border• Examples:

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II. GHS - LABELS

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GHS - LABELS Nine

Symbols• Includes

“Environment”

Signal Words• “Danger” or “Warning”

Hazard Statements• Example: “Toxic if swallowed”

Other• Precautions, identification, supplier,

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GHS - LABELS

GHS Flammability Rating 1 = EXTREME ( FL. Class IA) “DANGER”

2 = MODERATE ( FL. Class IB) “DANGER”

3 = SLIGHT ( FL. Class IC / Comb. Class II) “WARNING”

4 = COMBUSTIBLE ( Comb. Class IIIA) “WARNING”

(No Rating for Combustible Class IIIB or lower)

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GHS - Label Elements for Flammable Liquids

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GHS - LABELS

NFPA - Flammability4 = Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal pressure and temperature, or is

readily dispersed in air and will burn readily.

3 = Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient conditions.

2 = Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high temperature before ignition can occur.

1 = Must be preheated before ignition can occur.

0 = Materials that will not burn.

The next slide shows the difference, very slight difference, in regards to the temperature change from the NFPA Classes to the GHS flammability ratings.

Example: where the Class IA and IB = 73.0 degrees F and under GHS the rating of 1 = 73.4 degrees F

The other temperature’s are about the same difference = 0.3 or 0.4 degrees F

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Flammability example

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GHS - Label example

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III. GHS – Safety Data Sheets

16 headings

Similar to ISO, EU, and ANSI MSDS/SDS requirements

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OSHA MSDS format (old) OSHA-174 (1989), 8 sections (non-mandatory)

1. Manufacturer information2. Hazard Ingredients/Identity Information 3. Physical/chemical properties4. Fire and Explosion Hazard Data 5. Reactivity Data 6. Health Hazard Data 7. Precautions for Safe Handling and Use 8. Control Measures

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ANSI MSDS format (GHS)

ANSI Z400.1-20041. Product and Company

Identification 2. Hazard Identification3. Composition / Information

On Ingredients4. First Aid Measures 5. Fire Fighting Measures 6. Accidental Release

Measures 7. Handling and Storage

8. Exposure Control / Personal Protection

9. Physical and Chemical Properties

10. Stability and Reactivity 11. Toxicological Information 12. Ecological Information 13. Disposal Considerations 14. Transport Information15. Regulatory Information 16. Other Information

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EFFECTIVE DATES - OSHA rule

Federal & State Effective Completion Dates:

December 1, 2013: Employers must inform employees on the new label elements and SDS format.

June 1, 2015* Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors and employers must comply with all modified provisions of this final rule.

Distributors may ship products labeled by manufacturers under the old system until December 1, 2015.

* This date coincides with the European Union implementation date for classification of mixtures.

June 1, 2016: Employer’s Must update alternative workplace labeling and hazard communication program as necessary, and provide additional employee training for newly identified physical or health hazards.

Transition Period Must Comply with either 29 CFR 1910.1200 (the final standard), or the current standard, or both for all chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors and employers.

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The Impact on Safety and IH Professionals

Become familiar with the new system. Collect new SDS’s as provided by suppliers

and incorporate them into the existing MSDS system (or use a commercial service)

Get new GHS labels for “shipped containers”

Employers can use other systems for workplace labeling that are effective as the GHS labels.

Inform employees about new labels and SDS by December 1, 2013.

Impact on Chemical Manufacturers and

Distributors Prepare and use new GHS compatible labels

Prepare and distribute new GHS compatible Safety Data Sheets

Commercial “authoring” firms are ready and willing to help

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GHS Resources

GHS Websites OSHA,

http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/global.html EPA,

http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/international/globalharmon.htm

DOT http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/regs/international

CSPC, http://www.cpsc.gov/phth/GHSpolicy.html UN, http://

www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_rev04/04files_e.html

Government Printing Office http://www.gpoaccess.gov/ [this site will be

replaced with the Federal Digital System, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/]

OSHA comments Docket No. OSHA-H022K- 2006-0062 at

http://www.regulations.gov• Nearly 900 items!

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To Summarize….

Any Questions ?