The GHSThe Globally

Harmonized System for Hazard Classification

and Labelling of Chemicals Basic Course

1. Concept of the 1. Concept of the GHSGHS2. Hazard 2. Hazard ClassificationClassification

2.1 Physical 2.1 Physical Hazard Classification Hazard Classification

2.2 Health and 2.2 Health and Environmental Environmental Hazard Hazard Classification Classification 3. Labels and SDS 3. Labels and SDS 4. 4. Situation of Chemical Management Situation of Chemical Management inin Thailand Thailand

Outline

3. Labels and 3. Labels and SDS SDS

3.1 Labels 3.1 Labels 3.2 SDS 3.2 SDS

44

What is What is harmonised?harmonised? LabelsLabels

Safety Data SheetsSafety Data Sheets

55

Target Groups & Target Groups & SectorsSectorsworkplace including workplace including

pesticides and pesticides and pharmaceuticalspharmaceuticals– labels and safety data labels and safety data sheetssheets

consumersconsumers– labelslabels

transporttransport– labels, placards, transport labels, placards, transport documentsdocuments

emergency respondersemergency responders

66

LabelsLabels

The Essential ElementsThe Essential Elements Symbols, Pictograms and Symbols, Pictograms and colourcolour

Signal wordsSignal words Hazard statements Hazard statements Precautionary informationPrecautionary information Product Product identifiers/declaration of identifiers/declaration of ingredientsingredients

Precedence of hazardPrecedence of hazard

77

Symbols in the Symbols in the GHSGHS

Standard symbol set used in Standard symbol set used in the UN RTDG model the UN RTDG model regulationsregulations

Fish and tree symbol for Fish and tree symbol for environmental hazard environmental hazard

Exclamation mark for “low Exclamation mark for “low level” health hazard level” health hazard

Human with crack in a body Human with crack in a body for chronic health hazardfor chronic health hazard

88

UNTDG PictogramUNTDG Pictogram

99

Flame(Flammable/

Self-reactive/

etc.)

Flame over circle

(Oxidizing/Organic

peroxide)

Exploding bomb

(Explosives/Self-

reactive/ etc.)

Corrosion

   

    

Gas cylinder(Compressed

gases)

Skull & crossbones

(Acute toxicity)

Exclamation Mark

(Acute: lower level)

Human(Chronic:

higher lev)

Environment(Aquatic toxicity)

  

     

GHS SymbolsGHS Symbols

1010

Pictogram Shape & Pictogram Shape & ColourColour Recommendation from ILO Group Recommendation from ILO Group

is that all pictograms should be in is that all pictograms should be in shape of a square set at a point shape of a square set at a point (diamond)(diamond)

For transport, pictograms will use For transport, pictograms will use the background and symbol the background and symbol colour specified in the UNRTDG colour specified in the UNRTDG Model regulationsModel regulations

For supply, pictograms will have a For supply, pictograms will have a black symbol on a white black symbol on a white background with a background with a redred frame frame

1111

GHS PictogramGHS Pictogram

Explosives Self-reactive subst.Organic peroxide

Flammable substance Self-reactive substance Pyrophoric and self- heating substance

Oxidizing substance Organic peroxides

Compressed gas Skin corr.Eye corr.Corrosive to metal

Environmentaltoxicity

Acute toxicity Acute toxicity Skin irrit. Eye irrit. Sensitization (Dermal)

Sensitization (Respiratory) Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Reproductive toxicity Target organ toxicity

1212

Some points on Some points on GHS PictogramsGHS Pictograms

UNRTDG will cover the transport UNRTDG will cover the transport area as they have been.area as they have been.

Competent authority may Competent authority may choose to give suppliers and choose to give suppliers and employers discretion to use a employers discretion to use a black border for domestic use.black border for domestic use.

Competent authority may allow Competent authority may allow the use of UNRTDG pictograms the use of UNRTDG pictograms in other use settingsin other use settings

1313

Signal WordSignal Word

““DangerDanger” or “” or “WarningWarning””Used to emphasis hazard and to Used to emphasis hazard and to discriminate between hazard discriminate between hazard categories (level of hazard)categories (level of hazard)

e.g. Acute toxicity category 1 e.g. Acute toxicity category 1 will require will require “Danger”, category 4 “Danger”, category 4 will require“Warning”will require“Warning”

1414

Hazard StatementsHazard Statements A single harmonised hazard A single harmonised hazard

statement for each hazard category statement for each hazard category within each hazard classwithin each hazard class

e.g.e.g. Flammable liquid Flammable liquid - Category 1 - Category 1 ““ Extremely Extremely flammable liquid and flammable liquid and vapour ” vapour ” - Category 2 - Category 2 ““Highly flammable Highly flammable liquid and vapour”liquid and vapour” - Category 3 - Category 3 “ “ Flammable liquid Flammable liquid and vapour”and vapour” - Category 4- Category 4 “ “Combustible liquid”Combustible liquid”

1515

Hazard Statements Hazard Statements (cont.)(cont.)

e.g.e.g. Oral Acute Toxicity Oral Acute Toxicity

–category 1 category 1 ““ Fatal if swallowed “Fatal if swallowed “–Category 2 Category 2 ““Fatal if swallowed ”Fatal if swallowed ”–Category 3 Category 3 “ “ Toxic if swallowed”Toxic if swallowed”–Category 4Category 4 “ “Harmful if Harmful if swallowed”swallowed”

–Category 5Category 5 “ “Maybe harmful if Maybe harmful if swallowed”swallowed”

1616

Precautionary Precautionary StatementsStatementsGHS label should include GHS label should include

appropriate appropriate precautionary information precautionary information

The intent is to The intent is to harmonise precautionary harmonise precautionary statements in the futurestatements in the future

1717

Examples of Precautionary Pictograms

From European Union From European Union (COUNCIL DIRECTIVE(COUNCIL DIRECTIVE

92/58/EEC of 24 June 1992)92/58/EEC of 24 June 1992)

1818

Product IdentifierProduct IdentifierName or number used for a Name or number used for a

hazardous product on a label or in hazardous product on a label or in the SDS. the SDS.

Unique means by which the Unique means by which the substance or mixture can be substance or mixture can be identified within the particular use identified within the particular use settingsetting

UN proper shipping name also to UN proper shipping name also to be used on the package when be used on the package when substance or mixture covered by substance or mixture covered by the UN RTDG the UN RTDG

1919

Precedence of Precedence of hazardhazard

DANGER WARNING

>

Skin/Eye irritation

Skin/Eye irritation

>

>>

2020

Declaration of Declaration of IngredientsIngredients

Substances Substances – chemical identity (name as chemical identity (name as determined by IUPAC, ISO, CAS or determined by IUPAC, ISO, CAS or technical name)technical name)

Mixtures Mixtures – chemical identities of all chemical identities of all ingredients contributing to acute ingredients contributing to acute toxicity, skin or eye corrosion, toxicity, skin or eye corrosion, germ cell mutagenicity, germ cell mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, skin or respiratory toxicity, skin or respiratory sensitisation or TOSTsensitisation or TOST

Competent authority rules for Competent authority rules for CBICBI take priority take priority

2121

Confidential Confidential Business Business InformationInformation Competent authorities should establish Competent authorities should establish

appropriate mechanisms for CBI appropriate mechanisms for CBI protection. CBI will not be harmonized protection. CBI will not be harmonized under the GHS.under the GHS.

The provisions for CBI protection should The provisions for CBI protection should not compromise the health and safety not compromise the health and safety of users.of users.

CBI claims should be limited to the CBI claims should be limited to the names of chemicals and their names of chemicals and their concentrations in mixtures.concentrations in mixtures.

Mechanisms should be established for Mechanisms should be established for disclosure in emergency and non-disclosure in emergency and non-emergency situations.emergency situations.

2222

Other (Non-GHS) Other (Non-GHS) InformationInformation

Supplemental informationSupplemental informationCompetent authority may Competent authority may

choose to specify where choose to specify where information should appear on information should appear on the label or allow supplier the label or allow supplier discretiondiscretion

Must not impede identification Must not impede identification of GHS informationof GHS information

2323

Allocation of Label Allocation of Label ElementsElementsExample : Acute Toxicity (Oral)

NoSymbol

Warning

May be harmful if swallowed

Warning

Harmful ifSwallowe

d

Danger

Toxic if swallowed

Danger

Fatal if swallowed

Danger

Fatal if swallowed

Category 5

Category 4

Category 3Category 2Category 1

2424

Allocation of Label Allocation of Label Elements (cont.)Elements (cont.)Example : Skin Corrosion/Irritation

NoSymbolWarning

Causes mild skin irritation

Warning

Causes skin

irritation

Danger

Causes severe

skin burns and eye damage

Danger

Causes severe

skin burns and eye damage

Danger

Causes severe

skin burns and eye damage

Category 3

Category 2

Category 1C

Category 1B

Category 1A

2525

Building Block Building Block Approach (1)Approach (1)Category

1Category

2Category

3Category

4Category

5

Danger

Fatal if swallowed

Danger

Fatal if swallowed

Danger

Toxic if swallowed

Warning

Harmful ifSwallowe

d

NoSymbol

Warning

May be harmful if swallowed

Not required under the TDG/MR

Not required under the TDG/MR

Example : Acute Toxicity (Oral)

2626

Building Block Building Block Approach (2)Approach (2)

Unstable/

Division 1.1

Division 1.2

Division 1.3

Division 1.4

Division 1.5

Division 1.6

Danger

 Explosive; mass explosion hazard

 

Danger

Explosive;

severe projection hazard

Danger

 Explosive;

fire, blast or

projection hazard

1.4 *

 Warning

 Fire or projection hazard

1.5 *

 Warning

 May explode

in fire

1.6 *

Example : Explosives

2727

United Nations Co., Ltd. 1-1, Peace Ave., GenevaSwitzerlandTel. 41 22 917 00 00 　　　　　　 Fax. 41 22 917 00 00

Precautionary statements:・ Keep out of reach of children.・ Keep container tightly closed.・ Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and 　　 understood.・ Wear eye/face protection.・ Wear protective gloves/clothing.・ Wear respiratory protection, as specified by the manufacturer.・ Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.・ Use appropriate ventilation.・ Wash thoroughly after handling.

Hazard statements:・ Toxic if swallowed・ Toxic in contact with skin・ Fatal if inhaled・ May cause an allergic skin reaction.・ May cause genetic defects.・ May cause cancer・ Cause severe skin burns and eye damage・ Cause serious eye irritation・ Toxic to aquatic life

ＤＡＮＧＥＲ

Epichlohydrin1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropaneCAS No. 106-89-8UN No. 2023

Supplier identification

Precautionary statements

Hazard statements

Signal word

Pictogram

EPICHLOROHYDRINExample of label component

Product identifier

2828

Safety Data SheetSafety Data Sheet

Primarily workplace usePrimarily workplace use

16 heading format agreed16 heading format agreed

Minimum additional Minimum additional information specified, information specified, where applicable or where applicable or available, under the available, under the relevant headingsrelevant headings

2929

Criteria for SDS Criteria for SDS productionproduction

For all substances and mixtures For all substances and mixtures which meet the harmonized which meet the harmonized criteria for physical, health or criteria for physical, health or environmental hazards under environmental hazards under the GHS the GHS

3030

Cut off Cut off values/Concentratiovalues/Concentration limits for health n limits for health and environmental and environmental hazard classhazard class

≥ 1.0Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment

≥ 1.0Target Organ Systemic Toxicity (Repeat Exp.)

≥ 1.0Target Organ Systemic Toxicity (Single Exp.)

≥ 0.1Reproductive Toxicity

≥ 0.1Carcinogenicity

≥ 1.0Mutagenicity: Category2

≥ 0.1Mutagenicity: Category1

≥ 1.0Respiratory/Skin sensitization

≥ 1.0Serious damage to eyes/eye irritation

≥ 1.0Skin Corrosion/Irritation

≥ 1.0Acute Toxicity

Cut-off value /Concentration limitHazard class

3131

SDS 16 HeadingsSDS 16 Headings

1.1. Identification.Identification.2.2. Hazard(s) identification.Hazard(s) identification.3.3. Composition/information on Composition/information on

ingredients.ingredients.4.4. First-aid measures.First-aid measures.5.5. Fire-fighting measures.Fire-fighting measures.6.6. Accidental release Accidental release

measures.measures.7.7. Handling and storage.Handling and storage.8.8. Exposure controls/personal Exposure controls/personal

protection.protection.

3232

SDS 16 Headings SDS 16 Headings (cont.)(cont.)

9.9. Physical and chemical Physical and chemical properties.properties.

10.10.Stability and reactivity.Stability and reactivity.11.11.Toxicological information.Toxicological information.12.12.Ecological information.Ecological information.13.13.Disposal considerations.Disposal considerations.14.14.Transport information.Transport information.15.15.Regulatory information.Regulatory information.16.16.Other information.Other information.

3333

Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (1) 1 Identification of the

substance or mixture

and of the supplier

・ GHS product identifier.

・ Other means of identification.

・ Recommended use of the chemical

and restrictions on use.

・ Supplier’s details (including name,

address, phone number etc).

・ Emergency phone number.

2 Hazards identification ・ GHS classification of the

substance/mixture and any

national or regional information.

・ GHS label elements, including

precautionary statements. Other

hazards which do not result in

classification or are not covered by

the GHS.

3434

Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (2) SDS ingredients (2)

3 Composition/information on ingredients

Substance

・ Chemical identity.

・ Common name, synonyms, etc.

・ CAS number, other unique number,etc.

・ Impurities and stabilizing additives

which are themselves classified and

which contribute to the classification

of the substance.

Mixture The chemical identity and concentration or concentration ranges of all ingredients which are hazardous within the meaning of the GHS and are present above their cut-off levels.

3535

Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (3) SDS ingredients (3)

4First aid measures

・ Description of necessary measures, subdivided according to the different routes of exposure, i.e. inhalation, skin and eye contact and ingestion.・ Most important symptoms/effects,acute and delayed.・ Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary.

5

Fire-fighting measures

・ Suitable (and unsuitable) extinguishing media.

・ Specific hazards arising from the

chemical (e.g. nature of any hazardous

combustion products).

・ Special protective equipment and

precautions for firefighters.

3636

Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (4) SDS ingredients (4)

6 Accidental release measures

・ Personal precautions, protective

equipment and emergency procedures.

・ Environmental precautions.

・ Methods and materials for

containment and cleaning up

7 Handling and storage ・ Precautions for safe handling.

・ Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities.

8 Exposure

controls/personal

protection.

・ Control parameters e.g. occupational exposure limit values or biological limit values.

・ Appropriate engineering controls.

・ Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment.

3737

Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (5) SDS ingredients (5) 9 Physical and

chemical properties

・ Appearance (physical state, colour).・ Viscosity・ Odour threshold.・ PH.・ Melting point/freezing point.・ Initial boiling point and boiling range.・ Flash point.・ Evaporation rate.・ Flammability (solid, gas).・ Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits.・ Vapour pressure.・ Vapour density.・ Relative density.・ Solubility(ies).・ Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water.・ Auto-ignition temperature.・ Decomposition temperature.

3838

Characteristics of the 11 chemicals (Physical Data)

3939

Physical Data

Boiling Point -The temperature at which a liquid turns to a vapour

4040

Freezing Point

- Temperature at which the liquid form of a chemical will turn into the solid form

Melting Point

- Temperature at which the solid form of a chemical will turn into the liquid form

Vapour pressure

- The higher the vapour pressure,the more rapidly the material will change from liquid form to o vapour when released to the environment.

4141

Vapour pressure

The amount of released harmful vapors in based on the chemical’s vapor pressure. The greater the vapor pressure, the greater the yield of hazardous vapors . Acetone will give off more vapors then gasoline. Sulfuric acid has a low vapor pressure and gives off little vapor.

4242

Vapour density- Density of a gas compared to the density of air

4343

Specific gravity - density of a chemical compared to the density of water. If the specific gravity is less than one, the chemical will float on water. If the specific gravity is greater than one, the chemical will sink.

4444

4545

Fire and Explosion Data.

4646

Health Hazard Information

4747

Water solubility of a chemical the quantity of a chemical that will mix with or dissolve in water. Helps to determine many of its toxic effects on living tissues / Chemicals that are very water soluble, lead to cellular injury.

4848

Liquid - gas ratios. The volume of gas produced by the vaporization of a given volume of liquid . The volume of gas produced is always greater than the volume of liquid before vaporization.

4949

The expansion ratio of a chemical helps to determine the extent of hazard that the chemical poses.

Different chemicals have different expansion ratios. Liquified gases and cryogenics have the greatest

5050

Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (6) SDS ingredients (6)

10 Stability and reactivity

・・ Chemical stability.Chemical stability.・・ Possibility of hazardous reactions.Possibility of hazardous reactions.・・ Conditions to avoid (e.g. staticConditions to avoid (e.g. static discharge, shock or vibration).discharge, shock or vibration).・・ Incompatible materials.Incompatible materials.・・ Hazardous decomposition products.Hazardous decomposition products.

11 Toxicological information

・・ information on the likely routes ofinformation on the likely routes of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, skinexposure (inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact);and eye contact);・・ Symptoms related to the physical,Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicologicalchemical and toxicological characteristics;characteristics;・・ Delayed and immediate effects andDelayed and immediate effects and also chronic effects from short- andalso chronic effects from short- and long-term exposure;long-term exposure;・・ Numerical measures of toxicity (suchNumerical measures of toxicity (such as acute toxicity estimates).as acute toxicity estimates).

5151

Minimum Minimum information for an information for an SDS ingredients (7) SDS ingredients (7)

12 Ecological information

・・ Ecotoxicity (aquatic and terrestrial, Ecotoxicity (aquatic and terrestrial,

where available).where available).

・・ Persistence and degradability.Persistence and degradability.

・・ Bioaccumulative potential.Bioaccumulative potential.

・・ Mobility in soil.Mobility in soil.

・・ Other adverse effects.Other adverse effects.

13 Disposal considerations

・・ Description of waste residues andDescription of waste residues and

information on their safe handling information on their safe handling andand

methods of disposal, including the methods of disposal, including the

disposal of any contaminated disposal of any contaminated packaging.packaging.

5252

Minimum information Minimum information for an SDS ingredients for an SDS ingredients (8) (8)

14 Transport information ・・ UN number.UN number.

・・ UN Proper shipping name.UN Proper shipping name.

・・ Transport Hazard class(es).Transport Hazard class(es).

・・ Packing group, if applicable.Packing group, if applicable.

・・ Marine pollutant (Yes/No).Marine pollutant (Yes/No).

・・ Special precautions which a user Special precautions which a user needs needs

to be aware of or needs to comply to be aware of or needs to comply with with

in connection with transport or in connection with transport or

conveyance either within or outside conveyance either within or outside theirtheir

premises.premises.

5353

Minimum information Minimum information for an SDS ingredients for an SDS ingredients (9) (9)

15 Regulatory information

・・ Safety, health and environmentalSafety, health and environmental

regulations specific for the product regulations specific for the product inin

question.question.

16 Other information

Including information

on preparation and

revision of the SDS

・・ References, etc.References, etc.

5454

Label - Examples

Transportation and

Workplace

Plastic drum

Transportation and

Workplace

Plastic drum

5555

Label - Examples

Transportation and

Workplace

Paper box

Transportation and

Workplace

Paper box

5656

Label - Examples

Workplace

Paper box

Workplace

Paper box