grocery store issues rtf april 10, 2007. need recommendations peci: energy smart grocer program...

Grocery Store Grocery Store IssuesIssues

RTF April 10, 2007RTF April 10, 2007

Need RecommendationsNeed RecommendationsPECI: Energy Smart Grocer ProgramPECI: Energy Smart Grocer Program

Savings method for interactive measuresSavings method for interactive measures Unitized savings using simplified Unitized savings using simplified

methodologymethodology Load shapes for savingsLoad shapes for savings Measure livesMeasure lives Sub Committee to:Sub Committee to:

Scope out evaluation plan & protocols Scope out evaluation plan & protocols Design empirical testing for Auto-closer, Design empirical testing for Auto-closer,

Door Gasket, Strip CurtainsDoor Gasket, Strip Curtains

Measure SavingsMeasure Savings

PECI calculator reviewed by Cascade PECI calculator reviewed by Cascade Engineering and RTF sub committeeEngineering and RTF sub committee

Eight recommendations for improvement Eight recommendations for improvement Seven adopted plus other improvementsSeven adopted plus other improvements Final Cascade recommendation to Final Cascade recommendation to

reviewreview Some new measures not reviewed by Some new measures not reviewed by

CascadeCascade Review of savings for unitized measuresReview of savings for unitized measures

Interactive MeasuresInteractive Measures

Segue to slides from PECISegue to slides from PECI PECIPECI InteractiveInteractive Adjust.pptAdjust.ppt

Unitized SavingsUnitized Savings

36 Measures with simplified unit savings36 Measures with simplified unit savings Savings derived from calculationsSavings derived from calculations Used for measures with relatively consistent Used for measures with relatively consistent

savingssavings Little value to model savingsLittle value to model savings

Savings per unit and number of unitsSavings per unit and number of units Example: kWh / linear foot case * linear feet caseExample: kWh / linear foot case * linear feet case

Methods reviewed by Cascade Engineering & Methods reviewed by Cascade Engineering & RTF staffRTF staff

Comparative analysis in: Comparative analysis in: ESG Measures.xls\ESG Measures.xls\MeasuresMeasures

Unitized Savings IssuesUnitized Savings Issues Savings for anti-sweat heaters in medium Savings for anti-sweat heaters in medium

temptemp

Assumptions for door auto-closer savingsAssumptions for door auto-closer savings

Savings & methodology for door gasketsSavings & methodology for door gaskets

Assumptions and methods for strip curtainsAssumptions and methods for strip curtains

Review comparative analysis in: Review comparative analysis in: ESG Measures.xls\MeasuresESG Measures.xls\Measures

Unitized Savings: Unitized Savings: Anti-Sweat Heater ControlAnti-Sweat Heater Control

Turn off resistance heaters when not Turn off resistance heaters when not neededneeded Humidity or timer controlHumidity or timer control

Compared PECI savings estimates to Compared PECI savings estimates to BPA findings on NRM installationsBPA findings on NRM installations Comparable for low-temp casesComparable for low-temp cases PECI savings low for medium temp (46 PECI savings low for medium temp (46

versus 330 kWh per year per linear foot versus 330 kWh per year per linear foot case)case)

Post-install duty cycle differencesPost-install duty cycle differences

Unitized Savings: Auto Unitized Savings: Auto ClosersClosers

Assures door gets closed if left open or ajarAssures door gets closed if left open or ajar Door intentionally open 3 hours per day Door intentionally open 3 hours per day

(1095/year)(1095/year) Ajar 25% of remaining hours (1915/year)Ajar 25% of remaining hours (1915/year)

Savings based on closing door these hoursSavings based on closing door these hours Heat loss by ASHRAE Open Door MethodHeat loss by ASHRAE Open Door Method

Effective opening approx 3 to 4 inch openingEffective opening approx 3 to 4 inch opening No comprehensive data on door openingsNo comprehensive data on door openings

BPA data on two cafeteria walk-ins show much BPA data on two cafeteria walk-ins show much lower opening times (one hour/day & .29 hour/day)lower opening times (one hour/day & .29 hour/day)

Unitized Savings: Unitized Savings: GasketsGaskets

Damaged gaskets = infiltrationDamaged gaskets = infiltration Hours 8760 minus open time minus ajar Hours 8760 minus open time minus ajar

timetime 5750 hours for gasket savings5750 hours for gasket savings

Gasket prevents 2% of open door heat lossGasket prevents 2% of open door heat loss ASHRAE Open Door (2006 Chap 13.4 equation ASHRAE Open Door (2006 Chap 13.4 equation

12)12) PECI revised savings downward 12-25%PECI revised savings downward 12-25%

Ambient conditions, door size, effectivenessAmbient conditions, door size, effectiveness Savings now maximum of 2% of case loadSavings now maximum of 2% of case load

Unitized Savings: Strip Unitized Savings: Strip CurtainsCurtains

No savings in BPA program due to uncertaintyNo savings in BPA program due to uncertainty Monitored data on one store showed increase Monitored data on one store showed increase

energy useenergy use Evaluate firstEvaluate first

PECI Method:PECI Method: ASHRAE Open Door Heat LossASHRAE Open Door Heat Loss 80 percent effective80 percent effective Door open hours: Survey or default (0.4, 0.8, 1.2 Door open hours: Survey or default (0.4, 0.8, 1.2

hrs/day)hrs/day)

Issues: Issues: Is door left open longer due to curtains?Is door left open longer due to curtains? Longevity of curtainsLongevity of curtains

Load Shape for SavingsLoad Shape for Savings

Need shape for cost-effectiveness Need shape for cost-effectiveness analysisanalysis

Few previously-existing shapes for Few previously-existing shapes for refrigerationrefrigeration

Proposal: Six new shapesProposal: Six new shapes Developed by engineering assumptions, Developed by engineering assumptions,

DOE2.2R refrigeration runs, and some DOE2.2R refrigeration runs, and some metered datametered data

Reviewed by NRM, PECI, kW EngineeringReviewed by NRM, PECI, kW Engineering

Refrigeration Load Refrigeration Load ShapesShapes

GrocRefLoadGrocRefLoad GrocRefUnLoadGrocRefUnLoad GrocFloatHeadAirGrocFloatHeadAir GrocFloatHeadEvapGrocFloatHeadEvap GrocNightCoverGrocNightCover GrocAutoCloserGrocAutoCloser GrocDoorGasketGrocDoorGasket

See

Grocery Shapes.xls

for map of measures & corresponding load shapes and derivation of shapes

Time SegmentsTime SegmentsDay of Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday HolidayHour

1 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 42 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 43 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 44 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 45 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 46 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 37 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 38 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 39 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2

10 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 211 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 212 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 213 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 214 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 215 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 216 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 217 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 218 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 219 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 320 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 321 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 322 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 423 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 424 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4

Flat LoadFlat LoadFlat

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Pe

rce

nt

of

Ye

ar

Series4

Series3

Series2

Series1

GrocRefLoadGrocRefLoad Follows shape of refrigeration load Follows shape of refrigeration load Responds to ambient conditions at heat sinkResponds to ambient conditions at heat sink Based on DOE2 model runs for 8760 hoursBased on DOE2 model runs for 8760 hours Tested impact of climate (Boise & Seattle)Tested impact of climate (Boise & Seattle) Tested impact of heat sink (Air & Water Tested impact of heat sink (Air & Water

Cooled)Cooled) Tested control type (Fixed & Floating Head)Tested control type (Fixed & Floating Head) Result:Result:

Total savings change with factorsTotal savings change with factors But shape of load remarkably similarBut shape of load remarkably similar

Proposal: Simple average of 8 casesProposal: Simple average of 8 cases

GrocRefLoadGrocRefLoad

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Averageof Jan

Averageof Feb

Averageof Mar

Averageof Apr

Averageof May

Averageof Jun

Averageof Jul

Averageof Aug

Averageof Sep

Averageof Oct

Averageof Nov

Averageof Dec

4

3

2

1

Data

Segment

Link to excel

GrocRefUnLoadGrocRefUnLoad

Shape is opposite refrigeration loadShape is opposite refrigeration load Savings occur when refrigeration Savings occur when refrigeration

load is reducedload is reduced Unloading compressors or condenser Unloading compressors or condenser

fans with VSD or floating suctionfans with VSD or floating suction Turn off walk-in evap fans when Turn off walk-in evap fans when

compressor is offcompressor is off Shape derived from compressor Shape derived from compressor

cycling datacycling data

GrocRefUnLoadGrocRefUnLoadGrocReferUnload

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Segment 4

Segment 3

Segment 2

Segment 1

GrocFloatHeadGrocFloatHead

Floating head pressure controlFloating head pressure control Source DOE2 runsSource DOE2 runs Average for climate, system type & heat Average for climate, system type & heat

sinksink Similar to GroceryUnLoad, but steeperSimilar to GroceryUnLoad, but steeper

Small savings in summerSmall savings in summer Little difference by climateLittle difference by climate Significant difference Air-Cooled versus Evap-Significant difference Air-Cooled versus Evap-

CooledCooled Proposal: Two shapes Air-Cooled & Evap Proposal: Two shapes Air-Cooled & Evap

CooledCooled

GrocFloatHeadGrocFloatHeadFHPC Savings for Evap-Cooled System

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Averageof Jan

Averageof Feb

Averageof Mar

Averageof Apr

Averageof May

Averageof Jun

Averageof Jul

Averageof Aug

Averageof Sep

Averageof Oct

Averageof Nov

Averageof Dec

4 - Evap

3 - Evap

2 - Evap

1 - Evap

Data

SegmentSink

FHPC Savings for Air-Cooled System

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Averageof Jan

Averageof Feb

Averageof Mar

Averageof Apr

Averageof May

Averageof Jun

Averageof Jul

Averageof Aug

Averageof Sep

Averageof Oct

Averageof Nov

Averageof Dec

4 - Air

3 - Air

2 - Air

1 - Air

Data

SegmentSink

New Load Shapes (3)New Load Shapes (3) GrocNightCoverGrocNightCover GrocAutoCloserGrocAutoCloser GrocDoorGasketGrocDoorGasket

GrocNightCover

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Series4

Series3

Series2

Series1

GrocAutoCloser

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Segment 4

Segment 3

Segment 2

Segment 1

GrocDoorGasket

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Series4

Series3

Series2

Series1

Measure LivesMeasure Lives Gaskets Gaskets 44 Night Covers Night Covers 5 5 Auto-closers Auto-closers 88 Anti-Sweat Heater Control Anti-Sweat Heater Control (8 or 12?)(8 or 12?) ECM Motors ECM Motors (12 or 15?)(12 or 15?) New Efficient cases New Efficient cases 1212 Condensers Condensers 1010 VFD Refrig MotorVFD Refrig Motor 1010 Multiplex systems Multiplex systems 1515 Floating Head Systems Floating Head Systems 1616 Case Lighting Case Lighting (12 or 16?)(12 or 16?)

For Details:

ESG Measures.xls

Need RecommendationsNeed RecommendationsPECI: Energy Smart Grocer ProgramPECI: Energy Smart Grocer Program

Savings method for interactive measuresSavings method for interactive measures Unitized savings using simplified Unitized savings using simplified

methodologymethodology Load shapes for savingsLoad shapes for savings Measure livesMeasure lives Sub Committee to:Sub Committee to:

Scope out evaluation plan & protocols Scope out evaluation plan & protocols Design empirical testing for Auto-closer, Design empirical testing for Auto-closer,

Door Gasket, Strip CurtainsDoor Gasket, Strip Curtains