healthy weight – addressing the challenges of childhood and adult obesity
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www.hertsdirect.org
Healthy weight – addressing thechallenges of childhood and adult obesity
Dr SJ Louise Smith
Deputy Director of Public Health
Introduction
• What is obesity?• Causes?• Why does it matter?
• Size of the issue?
• So what can we do?
What is obesity?
• “Being fat”• “Very overweight”• “More than just a few
extra pounds”• “Weight 20% above
normal”
• BMI >30
• “A major problem in today’s society”
• “Multifaceted highly complex medical condition”
• “Accumulation of fat to the extent it may have adverse effects on health”
Causes
When energy intake in the form of food and drink…
…is greater than energy expenditure
Causes
• Lack of exercise
• Poor diet
• It develops gradually: poor diet & lifestyle choices
• Increased access to poor food
Causes
• Too much sugar
• The introduction of mass production of high-fructose corn syrup
Foresight 2007
• Complex web of societal and biological factors…
• …over 100 variables that directly or indirectly influence..
Why does it matter?
Compared with a non-obese man, an obese man is:
• 5 x more likely to develop type 2 diabetes
• 3 x more likely to develop cancer of the colon
• 2 ½ x more likely to develop high blood pressure
Micro Lives
• Life expectancy for 22 yr man = 79– 20,800 days– 500,000 hours– 1 million half hours
• 1 Micro Lives = 30 min
• 1 day = 48 Micro Lives
Micro Lives
• Bodies age faster when we do bad things to them– So micro lives can also be allocated to risk
• 1 Cigarette shortens life by 15 min
• 1 Micro Life– 2 Cigarettes– 2 Pints Strong Beer
1 Micro Life
Healthy waist size man = 37 inches– 1 Extra inch on your waist line [every day]
• 39 - 40 inch waist
= 2.3years
= 76.7 life expectancy
Why does it matter: Children?
• Short term– emotional & psychological effects– low self-esteem; anxiety & depression– Type 2 diabetes
• Once established, notoriously difficult to treat: long term:– higher risk of morbidity, disability &
premature mortality in adulthood
Adult obesity
Hertfordshire adult obesity
Children’s Obesity
Hertfordshire Children’s Obesity
Reception Overweight & Obese Children 2008/09 to 2011/12
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
2008/0
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England Hertfordshire Broxbourne Three Rivers Welw yn Hatf ield Dacorum NorthHertfordshire
Stevenage St. Albans Watford EastHertfordshire
Overweight
Obese
Year 6 Overweight & Obese Children 2008/09 to 2011/12
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
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England Hertfordshire Broxbourne Watford Welw ynHatf ield
Stevenage Three Rivers Dacorum Hertsmere NorthHertfordshire
EastHertfordshire
St. Albans
Obese
Overweight
What does it cost?
• Costs direct and indirect
• NHS 2.5% total spend [£1,000m]– Hertfordshire → £30 million
• Lost earnings £2.5bn– Hertfordshire → £45 million
• NICE reduce no obese by 1% → £51m– Hertfordshire → £1 million
www.hertsdirect.org
Healthy weight – addressing thechallenges of childhood and adult obesity
Sue Beck
www.hertsdirect.org
Discussion
• Is it worth it? – Can society turn obesity around?
• What works and what doesn’t work?
• What else could we do?
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