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ICT ECONOMICS

TOPICS

1. ICT COST MANAGEMENT

2. ICT PROCESS MANAGEMENT

3. ICT RISK MANAGEMENT

4. BUSINESS VALUE OF ICT

5. ICT GOVERNANCE• IT DASHBOARD• ICT PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

6. ICT OUTSOURCING

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ICT ECONOMICS

DIFFERENT VIEWS ON COSTS

1. FIXED COSTS VS VARIABLE COSTS

2. DIRECT COSTS VS INDIRECT COSTS

3. COST CATEGORIES

• LABOUR COSTS• HOUSING COSTS• SECURITY COSTS• OUTSOURCING COSTS

4. COSTS RELATED TO PROCESSES / ACTIVITIES

• NEW DEVELOPMENT COSTS AND ENHANCEMENTS• MAINTENANCE• OPERATIONS

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ICT ECONOMICS

KOSTPRIJS BEREKENING

• KOSTENDRAGERS

• KOSTENPLAATSEN

• KOSTENVERSLEUTELING

• BEGRIP NORMALE BEDRIJFSDRUKTE

• INTEGRALE KOSTPRIJS (FULL COSTING)

• DIFFERENTIELE KOSTPRIJS (DIRECT COSTING)

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ICT ECONOMICS

TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP (TCO)

MAJOR COST CATEGORIES

1. DIRECT COSTS (BUDGETED)

2. INDIRECT COSTS (UNBUDGETED)

EVALUATION COST MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

1. POSSIBLE STRATEGIES

2. ASSESSMENT STRATEGY IMPACT

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ICT ECONOMICS

TCO COST CATEGORIES

1. DIRECT COSTS

• HARDWARE & SOFTWARE

• MANAGEMENT

• SUPPORT

• DEVELOPMENT

• COMMUNICATION FEES

2. INDIRECT COSTS

• END USER COST (HIDDEN COSTS, ETC)

• DOWNTIME COSTS

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ICT ECONOMICS

ICT PROCESSES

• NEW DEVELOPMENT & ENHANCEMENTS

• MAINTENANCE

• OPERATIONS

• SUPPORT END USERS (HELP DESK)

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ICT ECONOMICS

ICT PROCESS MANAGEMENT

COBIT

• PROCESS FRAMEWORK

• MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES

CMM : NEW DEVELOPMENT & ENHANCEMENT

• 5 LEVELS OF MATURITY

• PROCESS IMPROVEMENT GUIDELINES

ITIL: OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE

LINK COBIT, CMM AND ITIL

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ICT ECONOMICS

DEVELOPMENT & ENHANCEMENT

1. CAPABILITY MATURITY MODEL (CMM)

• QUALITY MEASUREMENT• PROCESS IMPROVEMENT

2. PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT

• FPA

3. BENCHMARKING

• INTERNAL• EXTERNAL

4. OUTSOURCING

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ICT ECONOMICS

ONDERHOUDSACTIVITEITEN

ONDERSCHEID NAAR AARD VAN DE WERKZAAMHEDEN

1. TECHNISCH

2. FUNCTIONEEL

FUNCTIONELE ONDERVERDELING

1. CORRECTIEF ONDERHOUD

2. PERFECTIEF ONDERHOUD (INCL. PREVENTIEF ONDERHOUD)

3. ADAPTIEF ONDERHOUD

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ICT ECONOMICS

POTENTIAL COST DRIVERS MAINTENANCE

1. QUALITY SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION

2. SYSTEM SIZE & COMPLEXITY

3. NUMBER OF INTERFACES

4. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

5. PROCESSING ENVIRONMENT (PLATFORM)

6. SYSTEM AGE

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ICT ECONOMICS

ICT RISK MANAGEMENT

OPERATIONAL RISK

• TECHNOLOGY RISK• SECURITY RISK• FINANCIAL RISK

DEVELOPMENT RISK = PROJECT DELIVERY RISK

• TIME COMPRESSION RISK• TECHNOLOGY RISK• FINANCIAL RISK

IMPEMENTATION RISK

• ORGANIZATIONAL RISK

RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACHES

• MATHEMATICAL: ASSESSMENT IMPACT RISK DIVERS• NON-MATHEMATICAL: QUESTIONNAIRE

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ICT ECONOMICS

RELATION IT INVESTMENTS AND BUSINESS VALUE

MACRO ECONOMIC THEORY: MARGINAL COSTS = MARGINAL RETURNS

CONCLUSION STRASSMAN: RELATIONSHIP CANNOT BE DEMONSTRATED

PRACTICE: KEY METRICS APPROACH (IT DASHBOARD)

EXAMPLES:• MEASURING BUSINESS ALIGNMENT ICT• RELATIONSHIP ICT INTENSITY AND SHAREHOLDER VALUE

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ICT ECONOMICS

JUDGEMENT Of ICT INVESTMENT PROPOSALS

1. BUSINESS CASE ANALYSES

• NET PRESENT VALUE = NETTO CONTANTE WAARDE

• ROI = RETURN ON INVESTMENT

• PAYBACK PERIOD

• RISK ANALYSIS

1. PORTFOLIO ANALYSES

• RISK DIVERSIFICATION

• AVOIDING OPERATIONAL COST TSUNAMIS IN THE FUTURE

• BALANCING COSTS AND RETURNS OVER TIME

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ICT ECONOMICS

JUSTIFICATION INVESTMENT IN ICT-INFRASTUCTURE

CALCULATION ROI / PAYBACK PERIOD, ETCNOT FEASIBLE

ALTERNATIVE: OPTION VALUE APPROACH

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ICT ECONOMICS

ICT GOVERNANCE

EVOLUTION OF ICT-PERCEPTION

• ICT: SACRED COW

• ICT: PRODUCTION FACTOR

• ICT: BUSINESS ENABLER

CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICER (CIO)

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ICT ECONOMICS

ICT PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

• DEFINITIE ICT PORTFOLIO

• BEHEER KAPITAALGOEDEREN-VOORRAAD (ICT-ASSETS)

• BEHEER ICT-INVESTERINGSPROJECTEN

• MODERN PORTFOLIO THEORY (MTP) VAN MARKOVITZ

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ICT ECONOMICS

GEBRUIK ARCHITECTUUR MODELLEN

1. BRON VAN INSPIRATIE

2. COMMUNICATIEMODEL

3. KADERSTELLEND

• AUTONOMIE ONDER RANDVOORWAARDEN• UNIFORME WERKWIJZE BIJ SYSTEEMONTWIKKELING• STANDAARDISATIE INTERFACES• STANDAARDISATIE TECHNISCHE INFRASTRUCTUUR• UNIFORME DEFINITIE BEDRIJFSGEGEVENS / DATA DICTIONARY• ETC

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FINANCIALS

IT OPERATIONS

CUSTOMERS

IT DEVELOPMENT

HUMAN RESOURCES

• Change of IT Costs

• Difference between actual ICT

spend and ICT budget

• IT Intensity versus Shareholder

Value

• Mean time to fill vacancy

• Training days per IT Staff

employee

• IT Staff (external) turnover rate

• percentage sickness absenteeism

• Percentage of SLA’s satisfied

• Percentage of questions successfully

handled by the helpdesk

• Number of incidents causing

serious damage to the business

• Observed system availability as %

of required availability

• Number of un-resolved audit findings

• Quality level of O & M processes

• CMM level development department

• Development costs as % of Total IT Costs

• Backlog as % of total number of

change requests

ICT ECONOMICS

EXAMPLE IT DASHBOARD

SYNERGY

• Percentage of Development Budget

shared with other Business Units

• Percentage of O&M Budget sharedwith other usinessUnits

• Per cent increase of standardization

on ITinfrastructure

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ICT ECONOMICS

BENCHMARKING

WHY BENCHMARKING?

INTERNAL BENCHMARKING

EXTERNAL BENCHMARKING

SERVICE PROVIDERS• GARTNER GROUP• META GROUP• DATAMONITOR• J.P.MORGAN• FORRESTER RESEARCH• ETC

PITFALLS

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ICT ECONOMICS

ICT OUTSOURCING

• REASONS FOR OUTSOURCING

• COST / BENEFIT ANALYSIS

• CONCLUDING THE SLA

• MANAGING THE SLA

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PAPERS ICT ECONOMICS

IT GOVERNANCE AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT (3 PRESENTATIONS) 1. J. Spangenberg, R. Peters en E. van Heijningen, Investeren in informatietechnologie

rendement op onzekerheid?, De Accountant 106e jaargang (1999 /4)

2. Alexander Rinnooy Kan , U kunt niet beheren wat u niet kunt meten: IT-dashboardanalyse,kennis en tools tonen stand van zaken, Informatie Jaargang 46 (maart 2004)

3. Bert Kersten and Chris Verhoef, IT Portfolio Management: A Banker’s Perspective on IT,Cutter IT Journal (2003)

4. Chris Verhoef, Quantitative IT Portfolio Management: page 3 – 26, Science of ComputerProgramming, Volume 45 number 1 (October 2002)

5. Chris Verhoef, Quantitative IT Portfolio Management: page 27- 44, Science of ComputerProgramming, Volume 45 number 1 (October 2002)

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PAPERS ICT ECONOMICS

IT COST AND SERVICE MANAGEMENT (2 PRESENTATIONS) Algemene inleidingCost Management: Het effect en belang van invoering, Ferry Johann, Robert Mooijman enPeter Scheffel, IT beheer 1 (februari 2004) Artikelen voor presentatie en discussie 1. M. Looijen en G. van der Vorst, Verborgen kosten van ICT: de rest van de ijsberg,

Informatie jaargang 40 (oktober 1998)

2. Maria van der Schaaf en Hugo Meijers, Zin en onzin van TCO: Positionering van eenonduidellijk begrip, Informatie jaargang 43 (januari / februari 2001)

3. Rick Klompé, IT-service als uitgangspunt voor kostenbeheer, Informatie jaargang 45(maart 2003)

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PAPERS ICT ECONOMICS

IT OUTSOURCING (3 PRESENTATIONS)

1. Robert Mooijman, De afhankelijkheid van ICT neemt toe, maar moet het ook uw zorgzijn?, Zorgspecial 31 nr. 6 (2004)

2. Roger Heusschen en Chris Bell, Outsourcing als evolutionair proces beschouwd, IT beheer2, (februari / maart 2004)

3. Chris Verhoef , Quantitative Aspects of Outsourcing Deals: Cost, Duration and Financing,page 1 – 17, unpublished paper (2003)

4. Chris Verhoef, Quantitative Aspects of Outsourcing Deals: Risks, page 17 – 35,unpublished paper (2003)

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ICT ECONOMICS

DELTA AANPAK

Waar gaathet over

Wat wordt daarover beweerd

Wat is de redenatie achter de bewering?

Welke argumenten en/of feiten worden aangevoerdter staving van de redenatie

RAPPORTAGE STRAMIEN