interpret the numbers: putting e-book usage statistics in context

Interpret the numbers: Putting e-book usage statistics in contextMaria Savova – Director of Information Resources and SystemsMadelynn Dickerson – Information Resources Coordinator

Goal of the study

To understand our e-book usage data by providing meaningful context to the statistics we collect

Our data viewed through the prism of:• Access type – owned vs. subscribed vs. DDA• Simultaneous user access• Rights restrictions - DRM or not• Publication year• Subject/discipline:

o Breadth vs. intensityo In comparison with printo In correlation with user discipline distribution

Data scope: E-books• E-book holdings as of Jan 2015 (363,691 titles)• E-book usage data for Jan-Dec 2014

www.fernandobiz.com

Data scope: Print• Print holdings as of Jan 2015

(793,556 titles)• Print circulation statistics Jan – Dec 2014• Resource sharing statistics for print books

borrowed by CCL patrons Jan – Dec 2014

Excluded from the study

o All print and e-books with unknown classification/publication year (~18,000 print books and ~130,000 e-books)

o Any e-book collection without available title-by-title usage (~66,000 titles)

o All theses/dissertations in both formatso All government documents (~98,000 e-titles and

~114,000 print titles)

Our data• E-books:

o Detailed holdings and usage data kindly provided by our vendors

o Title lists from WMS knowledge base, as well as aggregators and publisher websites

o COUNTER BR2: Section requests (in the vast majority of cases)

o COUNTER BR1: Title requests (when section request data were not available)

• Print books:o OCLC Analytics holdings datao Local circulation statistics – checkouts + renewalso Titles borrowed via Resource Sharing – aggregated

Link+ and ILL data

www.highradius.com

Total holdings All usage0

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

450000

500000

E-book holdings vs. e-book usage per access type

Subscription Owned DDA

Owned titles turnover – 2.3

Subscription titles turnover – 1.3

AH holdi

SS holdi

STEM holdi

MD holdi

AH usag

SS usag

STEM usag

MD usag

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

93% 72%55%

91%88%

4% 22% 16%

2%0.7%

E-book holdings vs. e-book usage per access type by dis-

cipline

Subscription Owned DDA

DDA owned subscription Overall0

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

6% 15%

Proportion of used e-book titles by access type

Titles without usage Titles with usage

DDA owned subscription Overall0.0

Average number of uses per used title by access type

Limited (1-3 users)1.3%

Unlimited98.7%

E-book holdings by simulta-neous access model

Total holdings Used titles Not used titles98.00%

98.10%

98.20%

98.30%

98.40%

98.50%

98.60%

98.70%

98.80% 98.65%

98.24%

98.68%

Proportion of unlimited access holdings vs. unlimited access

used titles

Limited simultaneous access Unlimited simultaneous access16.5

Average number of uses per used title

non-DRM15%

DRM85%

E-book holdings by access rights

Agricu

Anthro

Art & ar

Biolog

ical s

Busine

ss & ec

Chemist

ter sc

Engine

rth sc

Histor

istics

Librar

y scie

raliti

Mathem

atisti

Medici

& perfo

Philos

ligion

Physic

Politic

Sociol

0.2% 4%1.4%

13% 0.9%

0.1% 54% 44%

13%0.4%42%

Proportion of DRM vs. non-DRM

e-books holdings per subject

DRM Non-DRM

Total holdings Used0%

85%72%

15%28%

Proportion of used DRM vs. non-DRM e-book titles

DRM Non-DRM

Agricu

Anthro

Art & ar

Biolog

ical s

Busine

ss & ec

Chemist

ter sc

Engine

rth sc

Histor

istics

Librar

y scie

raliti

Mathem

atisti

Medici

& perfo

Philos

ligion

Physic

Politic

Sociol

1000150020002500300035004000

5% 6%2% 42%

11% 2%

71%41%

1% 46%

Proportion of used DRM vs. non-DRM

e-book titles per subject

DRM used Non-DRM used

What does this result mean?• Non-DRM e-books represent bigger proportion of

used titles that than they do of all titles, except in history (non-DRM history e-books are 13% of all holdings, and only 11% of all used titles)

• Non-DRM books are more desirable?• Non-DRM books are easier to access?• Non-DRM books are more easily discoverable?

http://office.microsoft.com/en-ca/images|

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

38 1,171 274 365 322 338 329 669 1,286 1,997 7,492

40,528

158,123

21,85028,86928,556

34,853

23,992

E-book holdings by publication year

E-books

100 years 10 years 1 year

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

381,171 274 365 322 338 329 669 1,286

1,997 7,492

40,528

158,123

21,85028,86928,556

34,853

23,992

189 823 4,524

33,257

14,02916,165

26,42630,76129,923

43,031

75,124

97,038

108,212

137,199129,046

8,232 8,296 9,193 9,8255,468

E-book holdings by publication year

in context

E-books Print books

100 years 10 years 1 year

100000

150000

200000

250000

0 77 21 37 20 44 43 224 1,073 1,247 5,574

30,172

211,264

41,34851,10955,080

37,875

18,205

2014 e-book usage stats by publication year

Total usage

100000

150000

200000

250000

0 77 21 37 20 44 43 224 1,073 1,247 5,574

30,172

211,264

41,34851,10955,080

37,875

18,205

2014 e-book usage stats by publication year in context

Total usage Total holdings

1700-1799

1800-1899

1900-1909

1910-1919

1920-1929

1930-1939

1940-1949

1950-1959

1960-1969

1970-1979

1980-1989

1990-1999

2000-2009

2010 2011 2012 2013 20140.00

0.000.07 0.08 0.10 0.06

0.13 0.13

0.620.74 0.74

1.34 1.30

Average number of uses per available title

2010 2011 2012 2013 20140

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

3% 5% 5% 3% 5% 6% 6% 6% 6%5%

7% 9% 10%9%

Percentage of available titles with usage in 2014

Titles not used Titles used

2010 2011 2012 2013 20140.00

2.571.50 2.06 1.82

2.59 2.05

13.56 13.43

20.48 20.24

12.69 12.38

Average number of uses per used title

Takeaways from publication year analysis• It is essential to correlate titles lists to usage reports – to

highlight the titles with zero usage• E-book holdings are quite low through the end of 20th

century publication year• E-book publishing picks up in the 1990s and as of the

early 2000s it surpasses print holdings• The highest usage per title is observed in e-books

published within the last 5-10 years• E-books published between the 1960s and the 1990s

however show significant usage as well

Agricultu

Anthro

pology

Art & ar

Biolog

ical S

cience

Busines

s & ec

Chemist

Computer

Educatio

Engineerin

g & te

aphy &

Histor

Languag

e, lin

guistics

Library

alitie

s & re

Mathem

atisti

Medici

ne & hea

Music &

rming ar

Philoso

phy & re

ligion

Physica

l educa

tion &

Physica

l scie

Politic

Sociol

100001500020000250003000035000400004500050000

3,0042,5304,941

47,206

19,534

14,211

28,255

34,69137,337

8,4628,01210,298

26,106

25,742

10,06414,295

11,326

27,888

E-book holdings by subject

E-books

Agricultu

Anthro

pology

Art & ar

Biolog

ical S

cience

Busines

s & ec

Chemist

Computer

Educatio

Engineerin

g & te

chnolo

Geogra

phy & ea

rth sc

Histor

Languag

e, lin

guistics

Library

alitie

s & re

Mathem

Medici

ne & hea

Music &

perfor

ming arts

Philos

ophy &

Physica

l educ

creati

Physica

l scie

Politic

Sociol

020000400006000080000

100000120000140000160000180000200000

5,15919,534

28,255 26,10611,326

E-book holdings by subject in context

E-books Print books

Agricu

Anthro

Art & ar

Biolog

ical s

Busine

ss & ec

Chemist

ter sc

Engine

rth sc

Histor

istics

Librar

y scie

raliti

Mathem

atisti

Medici

& perfo

Philos

ligion

Physic

Politic

Sociol

3,1174,9606,6125,334

38,504

37,650

12,091

32,077

59,262

45,308

10,71016,35614,182

22,08019,199

39,275

2,0954,806

19,082

10,752

44,700

Total e-book uses per subject

Agricu

Anthro

Art & ar

Biolog

ical s

Busine

ss & ec

Chemist

ter sc

Engine

rth sc

Histor

istics

Librar

y scie

raliti

Mathem

atisti

Medici

& perfo

Philos

ligion

Physic

Politic

Sociol

3,1174,9606,6125,334

38,504

37,650

12,091

32,077

59,262

45,308

10,710

16,35614,182

22,08019,199

39,275

2,0954,806

19,082

10,752

44,700

Total e-book uses per subject

Agricu

Anthro

Art & ar

Biolog

ical s

Busine

ss & ec

Chemist

ter sc

Engine

rth sc

Histor

istics

Librar

y scie

raliti

Mathem

atisti

Medici

& perfo

Philos

ligion

Physic

Politic

Sociol

010000200003000040000500006000070000

Total e-book uses per sub-ject in context

Total holdings Uses

Agricu

Anthro

Art & ar

Biolog

ical s

Busine

ss & ec

Chemist

ter sc

Engine

rth sc

Histor

istics

Librar

y scie

raliti

Mathem

atisti

Medici

& perfo

Philos

ligion

Physic

Politic

Sociol

0.560.82

0.851.14 1.13

1.21 1.27

1.53 1.53

Average number of uses per available

e-title per subject

Agricu

Anthro

Art & ar

Biolog

ical s

Busine

ss & ec

Chemist

ter sc

Engine

rth sc

Histor

istics

Librar

y scie

raliti

Mathem

atisti

Medici

& perfo

Philos

ligion

Physic

Politic

Sociol

100001500020000250003000035000400004500050000

4% 8% 8%5%

4% 8% 10%

3%8% 9%

Percentage of available e-book titles with usage in 2014

Titles not used Titles used

Broad usage vs. intensity

• The overall turnover of e-book titles is 1.25 – i.e. per average every available title has been used 1.25 times during 2014

• All of e-book usage in 2014 comes from only 7% of all available titles – per subject that number varies between 4% (agriculture, chemistry, and law) and 13% (philosophy & religion)

itectu

Biolog

ical s

Busine

Chemist

ter sc

g & te

rth sc

Histor

, ling

uistic

s & lit

re Law

ties &

Mathem

atisti

Medici

& perfo

y & re

ligion

ical e

tion &

ical s

Politi

ll0.00

15.0516.37

19.8421.75

13.8215.50

17.3118.1217.24

18.7717.57

Average number of uses per used

e-book title per subject

Most and least used titles

• Reference (dictionary) - 9,428 uses• Language, linguistics, & literature book – 3,899 uses• Education book – 2,652 uses• Sociology title – 2,506 uses• History title – 2,359 uses

• Geography & earth sciences – 632 uses• Physical sciences – 466 uses• Physical education & recreation – 377 uses• Mathematics & statistics – 308 uses• Chemistry - 57 uses

Agricultu

Anthro

pology

Art & ar

Biolog

ical S

cience

Busines

s & ec

Chemist

Computer

Educatio

Engineerin

g & te

chnolo

Geogra

phy & ea

rth sc

Histor

Languag

e, lin

guistics

Library

alitie

s & re

Mathem

Medici

ne & hea

Music &

perfor

ming arts

Philos

ophy &

Physica

l educ

creati

Physica

l scie

Politic

Sociol

020000400006000080000

100000120000140000160000180000200000

5,15919,534

28,255 26,10611,326

E-book vs. print books holdings by subject

E-books Print books

Agricu

Anthro

Art & ar

Biolog

ical S

Busine

ss & ec

Chemist

ter sc

Engine

rth sc

Histor

istics

Librar

y scie

raliti

Mathem

atisti

Medici

& perfo

Philos

ligion

Physic

Politic

Sociol

Print books circulation during 2014, including borrowed via

resource sharing

Local checkouts Resource sharing requests

70000E-book usage compared to print

Section requests Local checkouts Resource sharing requests

Agricu

Anthro

Art & ar

Biolog

ical S

Busine

ss & ec

Chemist

ter sc

Engine

rth sc

Histor

istics

Librar

y scie

raliti

Mathem

atisti

Medici

& perfo

Philos

ligion

Physic

Politic

Sociol

416 13 3 8 5 4 9 6 4 10 11 22

2 9 10 17 1531

8 12 22 19

85114 113

121 127

153 153

Average number of uses per 100 available titles

Turnover rate of print books Turnover rate of e-books

Students Faculty E-book holdings

E-book usage

E-book used titles

Print book

holdings

Print book

checkouts

35%30%

37% 36%

56% 61%

35%35%

31% 31%

37%29%

32% 28% 31%

17%11%

0.02202962946669160.03588896276158060.0235199014550774 0.0259976232604909

Book holdings and usage statistics vs. user distribu-

tion per discipline

AH SS STEM MD

THANK YOU!QUESTIONS?

maria_savova@cuc.claremont.edumadelynn_dickerson@cuc.claremont.edu

interpret the numbers: putting e-book usage statistics in context

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