japanese musical instrument
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The shamisenor samisen( ?,
literally "three strings"), also
called sangen( ?, literally "three
strings"), is a three-stringed,
Japanese musical instrumentderived
from the Chinese instrument sanxian.
It is played ith a plectrumcalled
a bachi.
TheJapanese pronunciation is usually "shamisen" !ut sometimes "amisen" hen
used as a su#x(e.g.,Tsugaru-amisen).$%&(In estern Japan, and often in 'do-period
sources, it is sometimes "samisen.")
Thebiwa( ?)is aJapaneseshort-
neced frettedlute, often used in narrative
storytelling. Thebiwais the chosen
instrument ofenten, goddess of music,
elo*uence, poetry, and education
inuddhism.
It arrived inJapanin to forms. +ince that
time, the num!er of !ia types has morethan *uadrupled. uilds supporting !ia players, particularly the !ia hoshi, helped
proliferate !ia musical development for hundreds of years.ia
hshiperformances overlapped ith performances !y other !ia players many
years !efore heiyoo and continued until today. This overlap resulted in a rapid
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evolution of the !ia and its usage and made it one of the most popular
instruments in Japan.
Thekoky(?)/ is a
traditional Japanesestring instrument,the only one played ith a!o.0lthough it as introduced to JapanfromChinaalong ith theshamisen,its material, shape, and sound areuni*ue to Japan$clarifcation needed&. Theinstrument also exists inan1inaanversion, calledkch(
?)in the1inaanlanguage.
The instrument is similar in
construction to theshamisen,appearing lie a smaller version of
that instrument. It is 23 cm (45
inches) tall, ith a nec made
ofe!onyand a hollo !ody made ofcoconutorStyrax japonicaood, covered on
!oth ends ith cat sin (or snaesin in 1inaa). It has three (or, more rarely, four)
strings and is played upright, ith the horsetail-strung !o ru!!ing against the
strings. In central Japan, thekokyas formerly used as an integral part of
thesankyokuensem!le, along ith thekotoandshamisen, !ut !eginning in the
43th century theshakuhachimost often plays the role previously 6lled !y
thekoky.
The koto(Japanese7 ) is a
traditionalJapanesestringedmusical
instrumentsimilar to the Chinese8heng,
the 9ongolianyatga, the:oreangayageum,
and the ;ietnameseaulonia tomentosa). They have %? strings that are
strung over %? mova!le !ridgesalong the idth of the instrument, and there is also
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a %2-string otovariant. >layers can adust the string pitches !y moving the hite
!ridges !efore playing. To play the instrument, the strings are pluced using three
6nger pics, otherise non as plectra (on thum!, index 6nger, and middle
6nger), to pluc the strings.$4&
The shinobue(ani7 @ also
called tae!ue (ani7 )) in the context of
Japanese traditional arts) is
aJapanesetransverse Auteorfuethat has a high-
pitched sound. It is found
in hayashiand nagautaensem!les, and plays
important roles in nohand a!uitheatre music.
It is heard in +hintomusic such as agura-
denand in traditional Japanese fol songs. Thereare to styles7 uta (song) and hayashi(festival).
The uta is properly tuned to the Bestern scale,
and can !e played in ensem!les or as
a soloinstrument. The hayashi is not in the correct pitch, !ecause it is simply a
piece of hollo !am!ooith holes cut into it. It emits a very high-pitched sound,
and is appropriate for the festivalfol musicof Japan. oth shino!ue Autesplay a
very important role in the Japanese theater.
Thesh( ?)is a Japanesefree reedmusical
instrumentthat as introduced from China during
theDara period(0E 2%3 to 2FG). It is modeled on the
Chinesesheng, although theshtends to !e smaller
in si8e. It consists of %2 slender!am!oopipes, each of
hich is 6tted in its !ase ith a metal free reed. To
of the pipes are silent, although research suggests
that they ere used in some music during theHeian
period.
The instruments sound is said to imitate the call of
aphoenix, and it is for this reason that the to silent
pipes of theshare eptas an aesthetic element,
maing to symmetrical "ings". Kie the
Chinesesheng, the pipes are tuned carefully ith a
drop of ax. 0s moisture collected in thesh's pipes
prevents it from sounding, performers can !e seen
arming the instrument over a small charcoal !ra8ier hen they are not playing.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17-string_kotohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koto_(instrument)#cite_note-credoreference.com-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanjihttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AF%A0%E7%AC%9Bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanjihttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AB%B9%E7%AC%9Bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transverse_flutehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayashi_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagautahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nohhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabukihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shintohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagurahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagurahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_scalehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solo_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluteshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theaterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_reed_aerophonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nara_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheng_(instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heian_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heian_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheng_(instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17-string_kotohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koto_(instrument)#cite_note-credoreference.com-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanjihttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AF%A0%E7%AC%9Bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanjihttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AB%B9%E7%AC%9Bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transverse_flutehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayashi_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagautahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nohhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabukihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shintohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagurahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagurahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_scalehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solo_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluteshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theaterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_reed_aerophonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nara_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheng_(instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heian_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heian_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heian_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheng_(instrument) -
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The instrument produces sound hen the players !reath is inhaled or exhaled,
alloing long periods of uninterrupted play. Theshis one of the three
primaryoodindinstruments used ingagau, Japans imperial court music. Its
traditional playing techni*ue ingagakuinvolves the use of tone
clusterscalledaitake( ), hich move gradually from one to the other, providing
accompaniment to the melody.
The tonori (L) is a pluced string instrument
played !y the 0inu peopleof Hoaid, northern Japan
and +ahalin. It generally has 6ve strings, hich are
not stopped or fretted!ut simply played "open".
$%&The instrument is !elieved to have !een developed
in +ahalin.$citation needed& y the %F23s the
instrument as practically extinct, !ut is experiencing
a revival along ith the increased interest in 0inu
heritage.$%&$4
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The konghou(Chinese7 @ pinyin7 nghMu) is an
ancient Chinese harp. The onghou, also non
as anhou,$citation needed& ent extinct sometime inthe 9ing Eynasty. It has !een revived in the 43th
century as a dou!le !ridge harp@ the modern version of
the instrument does not resem!le the ancient one, !ut
its shape is similar to Bestern concert harps.
Taiko( ?)are a !road range
ofJapanesepercussioninstrume
nts. InJapanese, the term refers
to any ind of drum, !ut outside
Japan, it is used to refer to any
of the various Japanese drums
calledwadaiko( "Japanese
drums")and to the form of
ensem!le taio drumming more
speci6cally calledkumi-daiko(
"set o drums"). The process of constructing taio varies !eteen
manufacturers, and preparation of !oth the drum !ody and sin can tae several
years depending on methodology.
Taio have a mythological origin inJapanese follore, !ut historical records suggest
that taio ere introduced to Japan through :orean and Chinese cultural inAuence
as early as the Nth century C'. +ome taio are similar to instruments originating
from India. 0rchaeological evidence also supports that taio ere present in Japan
during the Nth century in the:ofun period. Their function has varied throughhistory, ranging from communication, military action, theatrical accompaniment,
and religious ceremony to !oth festival and concert performances. In modern times,
taio have also played a central role in social movements for minorities !oth ithin
and outside Japan.
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Thehichiriki( ?)is adou!le
reedJapaneseue(Aute) used as one of to
main melodic instruments in
Japanesegagakumusic, the other !eing
theryteki. Thehichirikiis di#cult to play,
due in part to its dou!le reed con6guration.0lthough a dou!le reed instrument lie
theo!oe, thehichirikihas a
cylindrical!oreand thus its sound is similar
to that of a clarinet. >itch and ornamentation
(most nota!ly !ending tones) are controlled
largely ith theem!ouchure. Thehichirikiis one of the "sacred" instruments and is
often heard !eing played at+hintoeddings in Japan. Its sound is often descri!ed
as haunting.$%&$4&
Thehichirikiis the most idely used of all instruments ingagakuand it is used in all
forms of music aside from poetry recitation.
Thehichirikiis derived from the Chineseguanorbili, and is also related to the
:oreanpiri.
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AF%B3%E7%AF%A5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_reedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_reedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ry%C5%ABtekihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oboehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bore_(wind_instruments)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embouchurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shintohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hichiriki#cite_note-japantimes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hichiriki#cite_note-firstvoice-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guan_(instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirihttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AF%B3%E7%AF%A5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_reedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_reedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_reedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ry%C5%ABtekihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oboehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bore_(wind_instruments)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embouchurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shintohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hichiriki#cite_note-japantimes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hichiriki#cite_note-firstvoice-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guan_(instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piri -
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