lbo kimia 4
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SMK TAMAN SERI SAUJANA
LEARNING BY OBJECTIVE (LBO)
CHEMISTRY
TINGKATAN 4
MINGGUBIDANG/UNIT/TAJUK
PEMBELAJARANHASIL
PEMBELAJARAN/OBJEKTIF
SemakanTanda (/)
DIAJAR
NOTA
NOTA
RINGKAS
TOPIK
GLA
LEMBARA
N
KERJA L
ATIHAN
1. INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY
1.1 Understandingchemistry and itsimportance
1. explain the meaning ofchemistry.
2. list some commonchemicals used in daily life.
3. state the uses of common
chemicals in daily life.
4. list example of occupations
that require the knowledgeof chemistry.
5. list chemical-basedindustries in Malaysia.
6. describe the contribution ofchemical-based industriestowards the development ofthe country.
1.2 Synthesising scientificmethod.
1. identify variables in a gicensituation
2. identify the relationshipbetween two variables toform a conclusion.
3. design and carry out asimple experiment to test thehypothesis.
4. record and present data in asuitable form.
5. interpret data to draw aconclusion.
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6. write a report of theinvestigation.
1.3 Incorporate scientificattidues and values inconducting scientific
investigation.
1. identify scientific attitudesand values practised byscientists in carrying outinvestigations.
2. practise scientific attitudesand values in conductingscientific investigation.
2. THE STRUCTURE OF ATOM
2.1 Analysing matter 7. describe the particulatenature of matter,
8. state the kinetic theory ofmatter,
9. define atoms, moleculesand ions,
10. relate the change in thestate of matter to the
change in heat,11. relate the change in heat tothe change in kinetic energyof particles,
12. explain the inter-conversionof the states of matter interms of kinetic theory ofmatter.
2.2 Synthesising atomicstructure
1. describe the development ofatomic model,
2. state the main subatomicparticles of an atom,
3. compare and contrast therelative mass and therelative charge of the
protons, electrons andneutrons,
4. define proton number,
5. define nucleon number,
6. determine the protonnumber,
7. determine the nucleonnumber,
8. relate the proton number tothe nucleon number,
9. relate the proton number tothe type of element,
10. write the symbol ofelements,
11. determine the number ofneutrons, protons andelectrons from the protonnumber and the nucleonnumber and vice versa,
12. construct the atomicstructure.
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2.3 Understandingisotopes and assessingtheir importance
1. state the meaning ofisotope,
2. list examples of elementswith isotopes,
3. determine the number ofsubatomic particles of
isotopes,4. justify the uses of isotope indaily life.
2.4 Understanding theatomic structure of anatom
1.describe electronarrangements of elementswith proton numbers 1 to 20,
2.draw electron arrangement ofan atom in an element,
3.state the meaning of valenceelectrons,
4. determine the number of
valence electrons from theelectron arrangement of an
atom.2.5 Appreciate theorderliness anduniqueness of the atomicstructure
1. describe the contributions ofscientist towards theunderstanding of the atomicstructure
2. describe the creative andconscientious efforts ofscientists to form a complete
picture of matter
3. CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATIONS
3.1 Understanding andapplying the concepts ofrealtive atomic mass and
realtive molecular mass
1. state the meaning of relativeatomic mass based oncarbon-12 scale,
2. state the meaning of relativemolecular mass based oncarbon-12 scale,
3. state why carbon-12 is usedas a standard fordetermining relative atomicmass and relative molecularmass,
4. calculate the relativemolecular mass ofsubstances.
3.2 Analysing therelationship between the
number of moles with thenumber of particles
1. define a mole as the amount
of matter that contains as
many particles as thenumber of atoms in 12 g of12C,
2. state the meaning ofAvogadro constant,
3. relate the number ofparticles in one mole of asubstance with the
Avogadro constant,
4. solve numerical problems to
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convert the number of molesto the number of particles ofa given substance and viceversa.
3.3 Analysing therelationship between the
number of moles of asubstance with its mass
1. state the meaning of molarmass,
2. relate molar mass to theAvogadro constant,
3. relate molar mass of asubstance to its relativeatomic mass or relativemolecular mass,
4. solve numerical problems toconvert the number of molesof a given substance to itsmass and vice versa.
3.4 Analysing therelationship between thenumber of moles of a gaswith its volume
1. state the meaning of molar
volume of a gas,
2. relate molar volume of a gas
to the Avogadro constant,3. make generalization on the
molar volume of a gas at agiven temperature and
pressure,
4. calculate the volume of
gases at STP or roomconditions from the numberof moles and vice versa,
5. solve numerical problemsinvolving number of
particles, number of moles,mass of substances and
volume of gases at STP orroom conditions.
3.5 Synthesising chemicalformulae
1. state the meaning ofchemical formula
2. state the meaning ofempirical formula
3. state the meaning ofmolecular formula
4. determine empirical andmolecular formula ofsubstances
5. compare and contrastempirical formula with
molecular formula6. solve numerical problemsinvolving empirical andmolecular formula.
7. write ionic formula of ions
8. construct chemical formulafionic compounds
9. state names of chemicalcompounds using IUPACnomenclature.
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10. use symbols and chemicalformula for easy andsystematic communicationin the field of chemistry.
3.6 Interpreting chemicalequations
1. state the meaning ofchemical equation
2. identify the reactants andproducts of a chemicalequation
3. write and balance chemicalequations
4. interpret chemical equationsquantitatively andqualitatively
5. solve numerical problemsusing chemical equations
6. identify positive scientificattitudes and values
practiced by scientist in
doing research7. justify the need to practice
positive scientific attitudesand good values in doingresearch
3.7 Practising scientificattitudes and values ininvestigating matter
1. identify positive scientific
positive attitude and valuespracticed by scientist in doingresearch on mole concept,chemical formulae andchemical equations
2. justify the need to practisepositive scientific attitudes
and good values in doingresearch on atomicstructures, chemical formulaeand chemical equations
3. use symbols, chemical
formulae and chemicalequations for easy andsystematic communication inthe field of chemistry
4. PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
4.1 Analysing the PeriodicTable of Elements
1. describe the contributions ofscientists in the historicaldevelopment of the Periodic
Table,2. identify groups and periods in
the Periodic Table,
3. state the basic principle ofarranging the elements in thePeriodic Table from their
proton numbers,
4. relate the electronarrangement of an element
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to its group and period,
5. explain the advantages ofgrouping elements in thePeriodic Table,
6. predict the group and the
period of an element based
on its electron arrangement.4.2 Analysing Group 18elements
1. list all Group 18 elements,
2. state in general the physicalproperties of Group 18elements,
3. describe the changes in thephysical properties of Group18 elements,
4. describe the inert nature ofelements of Group 18,
5. relate the inert nature ofGroup 18 elements to theirelectron arrangements,
6. relate the duplet and octetelectron arrangements ofGroup 18 elements to theirstability,
7. describe uses of Group 18elements in daily life.
4.3 Analising Group 1elements
1. list all Group 1 elements.
2. state the general physicalproperties of lithium, sodiumand potassium,
3. describe changes in thephysical properties fromlithium to potassium,
4. list the chemical properties oflithium, sodium and
potassium,
5. describe the similarities inchemical properties oflithium, sodium and
potassium,
6. relate the chemicalproperties of Group 1elements to their electronarrangements,
7. describe changes inreactivity of Group 1
elements down the group,8. predict physical and chemical
properties of other elementsin Group 1
4.4 Analising Group 17elements
1. list all Group 17 elements
2. state the general physicalproperties of chlorine
3. describe changes in thephysical properties from
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chlorine to iodine
4. list the chemical properties ofchlorine
5. describe the similarities inchemical properties ofchlorine
6. describe changes inreactivity of Group 17elements down the group
7. predict physical and chemicalproperties of other elementsin Group 17
4.5 Analising elements ina Period
1. list all elements in Period 3
2. write electron arrangementsof all elements in Period 3
3. describe changes in theproperties of elementsacross Period 3
4. state changes in the
properties of the oxides ofelements across Period 3
5. predict changes in theproperties of elementsacross Period 2
4.6 Understandingtransition elements
1. identify the positions oftransition elements in thePeriodic Table
2. give examples of transitionelements
3. describe properties oftransition elements,
4. state uses of transition
elements in industries4.7 Appreciating theexistence of elements andtheir compounds
1. describe efforts of scientist indiscovering the properties ofelements
2. describe what life would bewithout diverse elements andcompounds
3. identify different colours incompounds of transitionelements found naturally
4. handle chemicals wisely
5. CHEMICAL BONDS
5.1 Understandingformation of compounds
1. explain the stability of noblegases
2. explain the conditions for theformation of chemical bonds
3. state the types of chemicalbonds
5.2 Synthesising ideas onformation of ionic bond
1. explain the formation of ions
2. write the electronarrangements for the ionsformed
3. explain the formation of ionic
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bonds
4. illustrate electronarrangement of an ionic bond
5. illustrate the formation ofionic bonds
5.3 Synthesising ideas on
formation of covalentbond
1. state the meaning of covalent
bonds2. explain the formation ofcovalent bonds
3. illustrate the formation ofcovalent bonds
4. compare and contrast theformation of ionic andcovalent bonds
5.4 Analysing propertiesof ionic and covalentcompounds
1. list the properties of ioniccompounds.
2. list the properties of covalentcompounds
3. explain the differences in the
electrical conductivity of ionicand covalent compounds
4. describe the differences inmelting and boiling points ofionic and covalentcompounds
5. compare and contrast thesolubility of ionic andcovalent compounds
6. state the uses of covalentcompounds as solvents.
6. ELECTROCHEMISTRY
6.1 Understanding
properties of electrolytesand non-electrolytes
1. state the meaning of
electrolyte,2. classify substances intoelectrolytes and non-electrolytes.
3. relate the presence of freelymoving ions to electricalconductivity.
6.2 Analysing electrolysisof molten compounds
1. state the meaning of electrolyte,
2. classify substances intoelectrolytes and non-electrolytes.
3. relate the presence of freelymoving ions to electricalconductivity.
4. state the meaning of electrolyte,
5. classify substances intoelectrolytes and non-electrolytes.
6. relate the presence of freelymoving ions to electricalconductivity.
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7. state the meaning of electrolyte,
6.3 Analysing theelectrolysis of aqueoussolutions
1. identify cations and anions inan aqueous solution,
2. describe the electrolysis ofan aqueous solution,
3. explain using examplesfactors affecting electrolysisof an aqueous solution,
4. write half equations for thedischarge of ions at theanode and the cathode,
5. predict the products ofelectrolysis of aqueoussolutions.
6.4 Evaluating electrolysisin industry
1. state uses of electrolysis inindustries,
2. explain the extraction,purification and electroplating
of metals involving electrolysis in industries,
3. write chemical equations torepresent the electrolysis
process in industries,
4. justify uses of electrolysis inindustries,
5. describe the problem ofpollution from electrolysis in
industry.6.5 Analysing voltaic cell 1. describe the structure of a
simple voltaic cell and Daniellcell,
2. explain the production ofelectricity from a simplevoltaic cell,
3. explain the reactions in asimple voltaic cell and Daniellcell,
4. compare and contrast theadvantages and disadvantages of variousvoltaic cells,
5. describe the differencesbetween electrolytic andvoltaic cells.
6.6 Synthesisingelectrochemical series
1. describe the principles usedin constructing theelectrochemical series,
2. construct the electrochemicalseries,
3. explain the importance ofelectrochemical series,
4. predict the ability of a metalto displace another metalfrom its salt solution,
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5. write the chemical equationsfor metal displacementreactions.
6.7 Develop awarenessand responsible practiseswhen handling chemicals
used in electrchemicalindustries
1. justify the fact that
electrochemical industriescan improve the quality of life
2. describe the problem of pollution caused by theindustrial processes involvingelectrolysis
3. justify the need to dispose ofwaste from electrochemicalindustries in a safe andorderly manner
4. practise safe and systematic
disposal of used batteries
7. ACIDS AND BASES
7.1 Analysingcharacteristics
1. state the meaning of acid,
base and alkali
2. state uses of acids, basesand alkalis in daily life
3. explain the role of water of
water in the formation ofhydrogen ions to show the
properties of acids
4. explain the role of water in
the formation of hydroxideions to show the propertiesof alkalis
5. describe chemical
properties of acids and
alkalis7.2 Synthesising theconcepts of strong acids,weak acids, strong alkalisand weak alkalis
1. state the use of a pH scale
2. relate pH value with acidic
or alkaline properties of asubstance
3. relate concentration of
hydrogen ions with pH value
4. relate concentration of
hydroxide ions with pHvalue
5. relate strong or weak acid
with degree of dissociation
6. conceptualise qualitativelystrong and weak acids
7. conceptualise qualitatively
strong and weak alkalis
8. state the use of a pH scale
7.3 Analysingconcentration of acidsand alkalis
1. state the meaning of
concentration
2. state the meaning of
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molarity
3. state the relationship
between the number ofmoles with molarity andvolume of a solution
4. describe the methods for
preparing standard solutions5. describe the preparation of
a solution with a specifiedconcentration using dilutionmethod
6. relate pH values with the
molarity of acids and alkalis
7. solve numerical involving
molarity of acids and alkalis
7.4 Analysingneutralisation
1. explain the meaning of
neutralisation.
2. write equations for
neutralisation3. explain the applications of
neutralization in daily life
4. describe the titration
process of acid-base
5. determine the end-point of
titration during neutralization
6. solve numerical problems
involving neutralisation
8. SALTS
8.1 Synthesising salts 1. state examples of salts usedin daily life,
2. explain the meaning of salt3. identify soluble and
insoluble salts,
4. describe the preparation ofsoluble salts,
5. describe the purification ofsoluble salts byrecrystallisation,
6. list physical characteristicsof crystals,
7. describe the preparation ofinsoluble salts,
8. write chemical and ionic
equations for reactions usedin the preparation of salts,
9. design an activity to preparea specified salt,
10. construct ionic equationsthrough the continuousvariation method
11. solve problems involvingcalculation of quantities ofreactants or products in
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stoichiometric reactions
8.2 Synthesisingqualitative analysis ofsalts
1. state the meaning ofqualitative analysis,
2. make inferences on salts
based on their colour andsolubility in water
3. describe tests for theidentification of gases
4. describe the action of heat onsalts
5. describe the tests foranions,
6. state observation of reaction
of cations with sodiumhydroxide solution andammonia solution
8.3 Practising to besystematic andmeticulous when carrying
out activities
1. carry out activities using thecorrect techniques during
preparation of salts and
crystals9. MANUFACTURED SUBSTANCES IN INDUSTRY
9.1 Understanding themanufactures ofsulphuric acids
1. list uses of sulphuric acid
2. explain industrial process in
the manufacture of sulphuric
acid
3. explain that sulphur dioxide
causes environmental
pollution
9.2 Synthesising themanufacture of ammoniaand its salts
1. list uses of ammonia
2. state the properties of
ammonia
3. explain the industrial
process in the manufacture
of ammonia
4. design an activity to prepare
ammonium fertilizer.
9.3 Understanding alloys 1. relate the arrangement of
atoms in metals to their
ductile and malleable
properties
2. state the meaning of alloy
3. state the aim of making
alloys
4. list examples of alloys
5. list compositions and
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properties of alloys
6. relate the arrangement of
atoms in alloys to their
strength and hardness
7. relate properties of alloys totheir uses.
9.4 Evaluating uses ofsnythetic polymers
1. state the meaning of
polymers
2. list naturally occurring
polymers
3. list synthetic polymers and
their uses
4. identify the monomers in
the synthetic polymers
5. justify uses of synthetic
polymers in daily life.
9.5 Applying uses ofglass and ceramics
1. list uses of glass
2. list uses of ceramics
3. list types of glass and their
properties
4. state properties of ceramics.
9.6 Evaluating uses ofcomposite materials
1. describe needs to produce
new materials for specific
purposes
2. state the meaning of
composite materials
3. list examples of composite
materials and their
components
4. compare and contrast
properties of compositematerials with those of their
original components.
9.7 Appreciating varioussynthetic industrialmaterials
1. justify the importance of
doing research and
development continously
2. act responsibly when
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handling synthetic
3. describe the importance of
synthetic materials in daily
life
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