meljun cortes financial accounting transactions

Financial Accounting (FI)

- Transactions -

Unit 9

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Business Process IntegrationFI

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Transaction Data

• Includes internal and external exchanges that describe business activities

• Unlike master data, aggregate transactional data is dynamic – each transaction is unique

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R/3

FIFinancialAccounting

COControlling

PSProjectSystemWF

WorkflowISIndustrySolutions

MMMaterials Mgmt.

HRHumanResources

SDSales and Distribution

PPProductionPlanning

QMQualityMgmt.PM

Plant Maintenance

SMServiceMgmt.

Client / ServerIntegrated BusinessSolution

ECEnterpriseControlling

AMFixed AssetsMgmt.

Financial Accounting (FI)

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Unit 9 – Overview

• Document Principles• Document Types• Posting Keys

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Unit 9 – Exercises

78. Review Document Types79. Post Initial Cash Investment by Owners80. Post Purchase of Operating Supplies81. Display and Review General Ledger Account Balances

and Individual Line Items

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Document Principles

• Each completed accounting transaction writes data to the database and creates a unique electronic document

• Each document contains information such as:– Responsible person– Date and time of the transaction– Commercial content including company codes

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Document Principles – (continued)

• An accounting document captures the entire transaction in a manner that facilitates recall for reporting purposes

• It remains as a complete unit in the system until archived

• Once created, a document can not be deleted from the database

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Document Principles – (continued)

• The SAP R/3 document principle provides a solid framework for a strong internal control system

• Audit trails allow an accountant to begin with an account balance on a financial statement and trace through the accounting records to the transactions that support the account balance or to trace individual transactions to the effected account balance(s) on a financial statement

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Document Principles – (continued)

• Each posted accounting document has a header

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Document Principles – (continued)

• Each posted accounting document has at least two lines (e.g., debit and credit)

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Document Types

• A way to categorize different transactions– Many different document types are supplied in

the system• Document types are associated with number

ranges– All documents of the same document type are

stored in the system by document number• Determine the type of account that can be

posted to

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Document Types – (continued)

• SA – General ledger account documents• DR – Customer invoices• DG – Customer credit memos• DZ – Customer payments• KR – Vendor invoices• KG – Vendor credit memos• KZ – Vendor payments• KN – Vendor net invoices and credit memos

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Posting Keys

• Determine whether the item to be posted is a debit or a credit

• Determine the type of account that can be posted

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The posting key (PK) has a control function that pertains to the document line items.

It determines the following:• Account type for posting

the line item• Debit or credit posting

of line items• Field status for

additional information

Posting Keys – (continued)

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Assets

70 75

General Ledger

40 50

Material

89 99

Customers

0 1

Vendors

2 3

Common

Posting

Keys

Posting Keys – (continued)

Financial Accounting (FI)

- Transactions -

Unit 10

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Unit 10 – Overview

• Monthly Rent Cycle• Invoice Receipt• Invoice Entry• Accounts Payable Settlement

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Unit 10 – Exercises

82. Create Vendor Master Record for Landlord83. Create Rent Expense Account84. Create Invoice Receipt for Rent Expense85. Display and Review General Ledger Account Balances

and Individual Line Items86. Display and Review Vendor Account Balances and

Individual Line Items87. Post Payment to Landlord88. Display and Review General Ledger and Vendor

Account Balances and Individual Line Items

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RentalAgreement

AccountsPayable

InvoiceReceipt

Monthly Rent Cycle

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Invoice Receipt

InvoiceReceipt

InvoiceVerification

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Vendor Information

Invoice Entry

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Accounts Payable Settlement

• Select payment method and bank• Select items for payment• Calculate the payment amount, taking

account of cash discount periods• Post the payment document• Print payment medium