metalworking fluids

Metalworking Fluids

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Session ObjectivesYou will be able to:• Recognize signs of unsafe fluid• Identify metalworking fluid hazards• Use engineering controls effectively • Take all other necessary precautions to

protect health and safety

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What You Need to Know• Metalworking fluid hazards• Exposure control measures• Safe use procedures• Required PPE • Personal hygiene• Fungi control• Fluid change

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Types of Metalworking Fluids• Straight oil• Soluble oil

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Types of Metalworking Fluids (cont.)

• Semisynthetic• Synthetic

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Signs of Unsafe Fluid• Low sump level• Abnormal fluid appearance• Foul smell

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Signs of Unsafe Fluid (cont.)

• Floating matter• Tramp oil• Excessive foam• Dirty machines or trenches

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Signs of Unsafe Fluid (cont.)

• Skin irritation• Respiratory irritation• Other fluid-related

problems

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Labels and MSDSs• Identity of chemical

and manufacturer• Hazard warnings• Physical characteristics• Health effects• Safe handling

procedures• Emergency response

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Health Effects—Skin• Contact dermatitis• Irritant dermatitis• Allergic dermatitis

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Health Effects—Skin (cont.)

• Causes of dermatitis• Acne-like disorders

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Health Effects— Respiratory• Irritation of lungs,

throat, and nose• Symptoms• Asthma

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Health Effects— Respiratory (cont.)

• Chronic bronchitis• Hypersensitivity

pneumonitis• Other factors

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Control Misting• Use low-pressure flow• Use mist suppressants• Interrupt or reduce flow when practical• Fix leaks• Avoid compressed air to dry parts

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Isolation• Mechanical parts

handling• Machine enclosures• Splash guarding• Isolation booths

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Exhaust Ventilation• Local exhaust

ventilation• Enclosure exhaust

hood• Exterior exhaust hood• General ventilation

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Exhaust Hoods• Close capture

enclosure• Total or complete

enclosure• Tunnel enclosure• Push-pull ventilation

Image Credit: Laboratory Design and Supply

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Exhaust Hoods (cont.)

• Side-draft hood• Canopy hood• Downdraft hood

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Inspection and Maintenance• Fluid filtration systems• Fluid delivery systems• Ventilation systems

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Inspection and Maintenance (cont.)

• Fluid chemistry• Enclosures and splash

guards

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Health Effects and Control Measures• Do you understand the

information presented in the previous slides?

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Fluid Management Program• Responsibility for fluid systems• Responsibility for adding materials• Fluid testing procedures• Tracking data• Employee participation• Training program

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Safe Use Procedures• Minimize exposure to fluids• Recognize unsafe fluids• Know how to add fluid to a machine• Recognize ventilation problems• Know how to get something fixed

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Controlling Fungi Growth • Clean system before

adding new fluid• Fungi grows more

rapidly in some situations

• Maintain fluid at proper concentration

• Make sure water used for mixtures is pure

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Controlling Fungi Growth (cont.)

• Add biocides• Remove metal chips and fines

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Controlling Fungi Growth (cont.)

• Remove tramp oil• Practice good

housekeeping

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Fluid Change• Add cleaner with biocide• Remove old fluid, chips, and swarf• Circulate cleaning solution• Change filters• Refill with fresh fluid

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Housekeeping• Clean floors,

equipment, and work area

• Wear protective clothing when cleaning and use proper cleaning equipment

• Clean up spills immediately

• Dispose of waste and contaminated items properly

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Personal Hygiene• Minimize contact • Clean skin with soap and

water• Wear clean work clothes

for each shift• Change contaminated

work clothes• Keep food, beverages,

and tobacco out of work areas

• Use barrier and moisturizing lotions

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PPE• Hazard assessment• Chemical-resistant gloves• Protective clothing

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PPE (cont.)

• Eye and face protection• Goggles• Face shields• Safety glasses with side

shields• Foot protection

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Respirators• Engineering and administrative controls • PEL = 5 mg/m3 for mineral oil mist• N-, R-, or P-series filtering facepiece

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Safe Work Practices• Do you understand the

information presented in the previous slides?

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Exposure Assessment• Qualitative assessment• Personal air sampling• Area air sampling• Source air sampling

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Medical Monitoring• Early diagnosis is

important• Program includes

health review and medical exam

• Periodic health evaluations

• Symptoms to monitor• Report possible

symptoms right away

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Key Points to Remember• Know the signs of unsafe metalworking

fluids• Report symptoms of skin or respiratory

problems• Follow safe work practices• Practice good hygiene and safe

housekeeping• Wear required PPE• Monitor and control fungal growth