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Michigan Department of Transportation
Local Safety Initiatives
Dale Reed Lighthizer, P.E. - MDOT
Tracie Kalliainen, E.I.T. - MDOT
Wayne Schoonover, P.E. - Ionia County Road Commission
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 2
This Session
• MDOT Local Safety Initiatives
• Example – series of countermeasures
• A local perspective
Michigan Department of Transportation
Local Safety Initiative
Getting the Ball Rolling
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 4
For Local Agencies
• On- going safety Efforts• Why local safety?• Process• Tools• Countermeasures
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 5
Safety Initiatives …
• AASHTO Strategic Safety Plan• Michigan Strategic Safety Plan• Michigan Intersection Action Plan• Crash Data Improvement• Michigan legislative initiatives• Local Safety Initiative
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 6
22 Safety Emphasis Areas
The 4 E’s of Highway Safety
Emergency Response (EMS)
Education Enforcement
Engineering
AASHTO Strategic Safety Plan
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 7
Michigan Strategic Safety Plan
• Developed by Governors Traffic Safety Advisory Commission (GTSAC)
• Identifies focus areas• Local emphasis
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 9
Crash Data Improvement
• Crash Data Redesign Project
• Goal to give easy access to “High Crash” locations
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 10
Michigan Legislative Highway Safety Initiatives
• 0.08 BAC Law (July 2003)500 lives saved yearly – nationwide($3.22 Million incentive to Michigan in Sept. 2003)
• Work Zone LawsSpeed Limits ~ Double Fines (1997)Andy’s Law (2001) ~ Increase Points (2002)Work Zone Defined (2003)
• Graduated Drivers Licensing(In effect April, 1997. Crashes involving 16 year old drivers dropped 25% in 1999).
• Primary Seat Belt Law (March 2000)
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 11
The Case for Traffic Safety . . . Michigan has . . .
• 122,000 miles of highway
• 101.8 Billion vehicle miles traveled in 2004
• 370,000+ crashes yearly• 100,000+ crash injuries
yearly• 1,000 – 1,200 fatalities
yearly
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 12
Unacceptable Cost in terms of . . .
• Loss of Life – 1,159 Michigan, 2004 (42,000 Nationwide)
• Economic Impact - $9.8 Billion loss to Michigan($230 Billion Nationwide)
• Every tragic eventinvolves someone’s family member!
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 13
AASHTO Safety Goal
1.5 Fatalities per 100 Million VMT, 2004(Michigan Fatalities – 1.1 per Million VMT)
The Goal? Reduce to
1.0 Fatalities per 100 Million VMT by 2008(Save 350 lives per year in Michigan)
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 14
City & County
122,000 miles
MDOT Freeway
MDOT Non-freeway
Michigan Road Mileage:
92%
6.4%
1.6%
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 15
City & County
101.8 Billion vehicle miles2004 Michigan data
MDOT Freeway
MDOT Non-freeway
Michigan Traffic Volume:
31%
46%
23%
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 16
373,363 crashes / year2004 Michigan data
MDOT Freeway
MDOT Non-freeway
City & County
Michigan Traffic Crashes:
68%21%
11%
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 17
MDOT Freeway 1. 58 crashes / mvm
MDOT Non-freeway 4. 09 crashes / mvm
City & County 6. 61 crashes / mvm
MI Crash Rate - per Million miles driven:
68%21%
11%
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 18
1,159 deaths2004 Michigan data
MDOT
City & County
Michigan Traffic Deaths:
61%
39%
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 19
Integrated Approach to Highway Safety
• GTSAC established May 2002
• State & Local Governmental Agencies• Safety and Insurance Industry• Safety Advocacy Groups
• Team Approach to
Saving Lives
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 20
GTSAC Brings Together The 4 E’s of Highway Safety
• Engineering• Enforcement• Emergency Medical Services• Education
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 21
Transportation Focus Areas
• Highways• Truck Transit• Mass Transit• Railways• Aeronautics• Pedestrians/Non-Motorized Travel
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 22
Highway Focus Areas • Intersection Safety (29.5% fatal crashes)• Roadway Departure (48.3% fatal crashes)• Traffic Signal Timing and Modernization (15 year cycle)• Geometrics/Hazard Elimination• Young/Elder Driver Groups • Highway Work Zones• Car – Deer/Animal Crashes• Seatbelt Use• Crash Data Improvement
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 23
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 24
In Addition...The Fifth E – Effective,
Enthusiastic Partnerships
• Share knowledge base• Share solutions• Share ideas
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 25
Local Safety Initiative
• Local roadway network• Voluntary• Analyze crash data
• “Topics”• “Yellow Book”
• Suggest fixes• Education• Improve ROADSOFT tools for local use
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 26
What We Offer
• Crash review• Review of safety performance• Safety assessment• Engineering countermeasures• Other countermeasures• Follow up evaluations
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 27
Finding the Problem Areas
• Data Collection
• Network Screening
• Site Selection
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 28
Finding the Problem Areas
• High level analysis of county wide data• Examine safety performance• Target locations• Target other safety concerns
• Detailed analysis of crash data
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 29
LTAP
Local Technical Assistance Program
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 30
Why ROADSOFT?
• Already in place – used by counties/ cities• All roads in state• Common referencing• GIS• Easy to use – simple access to data• Basic reporting
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 31
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 32
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 33
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 34
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 35
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 36
Site Study Phase
• Detailed Crash Analysis
• Site Visit
• Safety Assessment
• Geometric Analysis
• Operational Analysis
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 37
Engineering Studies• Number of vehicles entering the intersection
• Traffic movement volumes
• Pedestrian volume counts
• Facilities for young, elderly, or disabled
• Speeds (posted and 85%)
• Condition diagram
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 38
Feedback Phase
REQUIREMENTS
• Identification of deficiencies
• Selection of countermeasures
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 39
Countermeasures
• Situational – NCHRP 500 reports
• Low cost• Signing• Pavement markings• Signal modifications• Improve sight distance/ visibility
• Moderate costs• Signal improvements• Barrier
• Major cost• Construction
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 40
Uncomplicated Traffic Control
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 41
AAA Michigan Case Study• AAA Michigan, Local governments, Office of
Highway Safety Planning, Regional Planning, Michigan DOT
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MDOT Local Safety Initiative 42
Roadway Departure Initiatives
Forgiving Roadside HardwareCrash-Safe Guard Rail Endings
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 43
What’s Next?
• Local agency implements various countermeasures
• Performs/ contracts design services• Apply for funding• Apply treatment
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 44
Post Report Phase
• Evaluation
• Before/ after analysis
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 45
Conclusions
• Clear some action is necessary• LSI is just the beginning• Team effort
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 46
Safety is . . .
• Everybody’s business• A coordinated effort• Organization-wide• A strategic focus
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 47
To Achieve 1.0 by 2008
Continue:• Engineering, Education & Enforcement• Road, Driver & Vehicle• Partnering
Take advantage of the MDOT LSI!!
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 48
PartneringCitizen Groups
Traffic Engineers
Health Care Professionals
Insurance Companies
Local and State GovernmentFederal
Government
Law Enforcement
Local Safety InitiativeA Year in Review
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 50
Program Successes
• To date the Local Safety Initiative has worked with 5 counties• 4 additional Counties going through initial
analysis• Including crash analysis within 11
cities/villages• Begin with County Engineer/Rep.
• Countermeasure suggestions provided
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 51
Commonalities…
• Larger/brighter signing• Additional signing on curves• Upgraded pavement markings
• Wider lines• Wet/night markings
• Cut back tree line/Improve clear zone• Remove sight distance obstructions at
intersections
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 52
Curves
• Improve signing• Improve delineation• Check superelevation
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 53
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 54
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 55
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 56
Upcoming Typicals
• Ultra Low Volumes• Defined by MMUTCD
• Outside built up areas• 400 ADT or less• Paved or unpaved
• Less extensive
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 57
Intersections
• Unsignalized• Improve sight distances• Control access points• Improve visibility of intersection• Verify choice of traffic control
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 58
Sufficient Sight Distance
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 59
Intersections
• Signalized• 12” signal lens and improved placement
• Appropriate Clearance Intervals
• Re-timing
• Add turn lane
• Add turn phase
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 60
Before a Signal Consider…
Improving visibility:
• Advance warning signs(with or without beacons)
• Relocating stop bars
• Flashing red beacon
• Roadway lighting
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 61
Before a Signal Consider…
Improving traffic operation:
• Additional lanes
• Revised geometrics
• Restricted turning movement
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 62
Now for Something Completely Different…
Welcome to Ionia County
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 64
IoniaCounty
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 65
Ionia CountyRural, and growing…
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 66
Ionia Safety Efforts
• Developed a “road safety audit”• Team review of locations• Low cost fixes• Funding issues
• Working to define county warrants for various treatments
• Need rational basis treatments• Local Agency Programs (LAP) applications
• Crash review• Input: engineering, maintenance, management
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 67
Federal Local Safety Program (MDOT - LAP)
• Upgrading guardrail at structures• Intersection upgrade project
• township jog• Y to T reconstruction• Drain relocation• Guardrail upgrade
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 68
LSI - A Local Perspective
• Early involvement can be a benefit• Complacency is a killer ….
• Another pair of eyes
• Saves time – I would not be able to do this level of analysis
• Might be an opportunity• Provides some additional data in support of
safety project applications
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 69
In Depth look
• Patterns• Fatals• Intersections• Segments
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 70
Site Visits
• Some locations were a surprise• Provide an in depth look at systems• Another set of experts• Supporting data for garnering resources• Uniformity
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 71
“Cautious Enthusiasm”
• Maintenance issues• Warranted treatments• Level of long term commitments
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 72
Benefits
• Additional expertise• Identification of atypical problem locations• High risk
MDOT Local Safety Initiative 73
This is a Journey …
• This program could change how we do business
• Not an end in itself• Could be a way to fund some projects• Low cost solutions• Another way to identify problems
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