networks what are they and how do they work? what is a network? hardware and software data...
Post on 26-Dec-2015
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What is a Network?
Hardware and software data communication system
Two or more devices connected for the purpose of sharing data or services
What does a Network Do?
Access Data
Share hardware and software
Share files
Save personal files in a secure centralized location
A Network allows users to:
How are networks classified?
Peer to Peer – Two or more computers in the same proximity connected to each other
How are networks classified?
LAN (Local Area Network) – A data communications network which is geographically limited, such as your entire campus.
How are networks classified?
WAN (Wide Area Network) - A network extending over distances greater than one kilometer, such as all of the Cedar Hill Independent School District, a large corporation, or even the WWW.
Types of Networks Continued…
The “ultimate” WAN
Available worldwide (World Wide Web)
Worldwide collection of networks that links together millions of commercial (.com), education (.edu), non profit (.org), public networks (.net), government (.gov), military (.mil) as well as individual sites
Internet
What components are required?
Before network components can communicate they must be connected
A Network Adapter – a circuit board installed in a computer or network device to provide a physical connection to a network
NIC – Ethernet Card
NIC (Network Interface Card) – typically an Ethernet card such as those installed in the Middle School Computer Applications labs
The cable which attaches to this type of card has 8 smaller twisted wires
Types of Networks Continued…
A private network
May be protected by a “firewall”
May require a User ID and password
May be available worldwide but not open to the general public
Intranet
Hubs, Switches, Routers
Multi-port hardware components that allow several components to be attached to a single port or connection
Hub
SwitchRouter
Wireless Card
WI-FI – (Wireless Fidelity) The standard for manufacturer of wireless network components. Such adaptors may be built into desktops or inserted into notebooks
No cables required, only an access point
Communication Software
All network components require software
Different networks components communicate with different types of software:
Drivers Network Operating System Network Client Browsers
Drivers
Drivers are the software packages that control hardware components
All adaptors must have drivers loaded in order to communicate
Some drivers load automatically utilizing the operating system
Some drivers must be installed from floppy disks or CDs
Network Operating Systems
Networks that connect to a common server or servers require a Network Operating System (NOS)
A NOS allows resources such as file storage, application programs, and printers to be shared
A NOS may allow users to save their files in a secure environment
Network Operating Systems
Common Network Systems include: Unix Novell Microsoft NT LANtastic MS LAN Manager
Internet Access Software
ISP (Internet Service Provider) – Access to the Internet is provided by companies licensed to provide such services
AOL Internet America SBC, Verizon, AT&T, Sprint
They provide specific access software, User ID, password, and possibly email and web space
Browsers
All computers that access the Internet or Intranet must have a browser
Browsers include Internet Explorer Netscape Opera Mozilla UltraBrowser
Shared Components
Server – A computer which provides services for users of other computers connected within a network, LAN or WAN.
Authentication of users Read/write shared and personal files Print services
Printer – Registered network users may access common printers reducing the number of required printers
Additional Hardware
Cable – individual components in a network are connect from one adaptor or component to the next with cables
Fiber opticCoaxial Ethernet or
Telephone
Identify The Following
Network adaptor or NIC Ethernet cable Hub, switch, or router Server Network printer
How many of the following can you identify in your classroom?
Identify The Following
Network Operating System (NOS) Network Client Browser Drivers ISP software
Identify software provided in your classroom for each of the following categories?
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