objective factors influencing perception

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Objective Factors Influencing Perception

External factors influencing perception

How do we explain that individuals may look at the same thing, yet perceive it differently? A number of factors operate

to shape and sometimes distort perception. These factors can reside in the perceiver in the object or target being perceived, or in the context of the situation in which the

perception is made . So objective factors or external factors are

the characteristics of perceived object, an event or a person.

sizeThe bigger the size of the perceived stimulus,

the higher is the probability that it will be noticed. Dominance is established by size and it overrides other things and thereby

enhances perceptual selection. Size attracts the attention of the individual

For example A full page spread advertisement

attracts more attention than a few lines in a

classified section . The reason is not difficult to

seek . The size establishes dominance

and enhances perceptual selection.

THIS IS BIGTHIS IS SMALL

IntensityIntensity is closely related to size . The

intensity principle of attention states that the more intense the stimuli , the more

likely it is to be perceived .

For example While reading a passage, a person comes across a few lines printed in bold letters. He automatically pays more attention to these lines.

Underlined sentences and so the ones in italics are generally more attentively read.

As another example , a loud noise or strong odour will be noticed more than a soft sound and weak

odour . Advertisers also use intensity to attract and gain the consumer’s attention.

Frequency Repeated external stimulus is more attention

gaining than a single one, so states the frequency principle. Repetition is one of the

most frequently used techniques in advertising and is the most common way of attracting the people’s attention. Frequency results in making

people aware of the stimulus.

MotionThe movement principle says that people

pay more attention to a moving object than the stationary ones . For example

People will be attracted more by a running train than one standing on the

platform

Contrast

As per contrast principle , the external stimuli which stands out

against the background will receive more attention . A contrasting effect

can be caused by color, or any unusual factor.

For example , safety signs with black

lettering on a yellow background or with white lettering on a red background are

more attention –attracting.

Novelty

Novel or something unique or a peculiar idea is likely to attract anyone’s

attention. A theory called the mere exposure effect states that people tend to become attracted to a novel stimuli if

it was repeated over and over again.

We tend to group close things and similar things together. Members of any group that has clearly distinguishable characteristics in terms of features or color are often perceived as alike in other, unrelated characteristics as well. 

Similarity

Proximity means closeness, either in terms of physical distance, personal relationship, or length of time.Proximity is an important factor for formation of groups. For the same reason an individual behavior may be perceived to be group behavior.

Proximity

Research has shown that Physical proximity plays a very important role in promoting attraction. It was found that most people tend to become attracted to people who live near by them.

All balls are not happy

Thank you

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