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OPCW ScientificAdvisory Board
Andrea Leisewitz V. PhD in Cellular and Molecular Biology
MSc in Bioethics- Research Ethics
aleisewitz@santotomas.cl
Scientific Advisory Board
Why? Structure and Work
Benefits and Relevance for the
CWC implementation
The OPCW’s mission is to implement the provisions of the Chemical Weapons Convention to achieve our vision of a world free of chemical weapons and the threat of their use, and in which chemistry is used for peace, progress, and prosperity.
Obligation of the SP isNational implementation ofthe international Treaties
CWC
International Cooperation
Assistance and
Protection against CWs
Non-proliferation
(Verification)
Disarmament
(Destruction andVerification)
Treaty Implementation
Treaty Implementation requires Science!
• The CWC is built on a scientific foundation.
• Effective implementation requires technical expertise and scientific literacy for decision making.
• Science and technology underpin the very articles of the Convention, providing definition and guiding implementation
The Convention Mandates the State Parties to Discuss and Make Use of Science in
Treaty Implementation!!
States Parties should ‘review scientific and technological developments that could affect the operation of this Convention’.
The Convention Mandates the State Parties to Discuss and Make Use of Science in
Treaty Implementation!!
The Conference of States Parties shall: Review scientific and technological developments that could affect the operation of this Convention
How do 193 “State Parties” Discuss Science?
Participation in the Chemical Weapons Convention
Signed and ratified
Acceded
Signed but not ratified
Non-signatory
The Convention Mandates the State Parties to Discuss and Make Use of Science in
Treaty Implementation!!
To provide States Parties with the expertise needed for such a review, Article VIII, paragraph 21 (h) of the CWC mandates the establishment of a Scientific Advisory Board (SAB).
• to monitor developments in science and technology and
• assess their impact on CWC implementation.
• The OPCW Conference of the States Parties addressed this issue in December 1997 instructing DG to establish such a body.
ScientificAdvisory Board
SAB is a subsidiary body of the OPCW
Enables Director-General (DG) to provide specialisedadvice on S&T to OPCW policy-making bodies and MemberStates
Reports to DG of the OPCW
DG makes the Board’s reports and his response available to the Executive Council and public
Every 5 Years, SAB prepares a comprehensive report forsubmission to the Review Conference
The SAB held its first meeting in 1998 and meets once or twice per year at the OPCW’s headquarters in The Hague.
Conferenceof SP
TechnicalSecretariat
ExecutiveCouncil
SABOPCW
DG
Scientific Advisory Board: structure
• 25 experts in one or more technical fields relevant to the Convention.
• Members serve in their individual capacity as independent experts.
• States Parties nominate candidates to the Director-General (expertise, geographical balance).
• 3 year appointment (renewed once)
• Members are drawn from universities, industry, defenceorganisations and other institutions.
• Every year the SAB elects a Chair and Vice-Chair from its members.
• Technical Secretariat provides support for SAB activities and funding for SAB activities comes from the OPCW’s regular budget and voluntary contributions.
SAB sessions (1 or 2/ year)
• Interaction with scientific Experts at regular meetings experts from other international organisations, scientific institutes and industry associations
• Report elaboration to DG
• Every 5 Years, SAB prepares a comprehensive report forsubmission to the ReviewConference
Temporary Working Groups
• Provide recommendations on specific issues within specific timeframes by DG’s request
• DG + SAB establish a TWG• SAB Chairperson appoints one
member of the SAB to chair each TWG
• DG appoints additional experts as members of the group based on suggestions from OPCW member states and the SAB.
• Only citizens of member states• When finished it submits a
report of its findings to the SAB and Director-General
Other
• Specific requests for advice from Director-General
• Interaction with scientific Experts at conferences, workshops
• Scientific Literature reviews• Members of the SAB and its
working groups also share their views with the scientific and industry communities by presenting at conferences.
• Some issues require immediate consideration (intersessional responses to urgent requests for advice)
How does the board work to provide guidance?
RC-(n) 1 SAB
Session
1 SAB session
1 SAB session
2 SAB sessions
2 SAB sessions
RC-(n+1) 1 SAB
session
Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Possibility for Temporary Working Groups and DG’s requests
SAB workshops interaction with experts at conferences, workshops, etc.
Report 6-9 months before
RC- (n+1)
Possibility forrequests to brief
State Parties
Every 5 Years, SAB prepares a comprehensive report for submission to the Review Conference
TWG: from the third to the fourth RC
Workshops: from the third to the fourth RC
Responses to DG´s requests from the third to the fourth RC
SAB´s recommendations to the fourth RC o f the CWC
Assitanceand
Protection
S&T ofRelevance to
chemicalsafety
&securityScienceliteracy and
scienceadvice
S&T ofrelevance toVerification
Tech. Forthe delivery
toxicchemicals &
drugs
Advances in S&T
Key Elements of an Effective Scientific Advisory Mechanism
The SAB enables theOPCW’s Director-General toprovide specialized adviceon S&T to SP
What happens after??
Scientific Advisory
Board
OPCWDirector- General
States Parties Conference
Engage diplomats
OPCWTechnical
Secretariat
Key Elements of an Effective Scientific Advisory Mechanism
Scientific Advisory
Board
OPCWDirector- General
States Parties Conference
Engage diplomats
OPCWTechnical
Secretariat
Director-General’s responsesand recommendations setdirection for taking adviceforward, guide the Board’sprogramme of work andcommunicate salient pointsto States Parties.
Formal responses to SAB session reports and recommendations
Opening remarks to SAB Sessions and consultations with SAB leadership
The OPCW’s mission is to implement the provisions of the Chemical Weapons Convention to achieve our vision of a world free of chemical weapons and the threat of their use, and in which chemistry is used for peace, progress, and prosperity.
Obligation of the SP isNational implementation ofthe international Treaties
Scientific Advisory
Board
OPCWDirector- General
States Parties Conference
National actions
SAB mechanism: communication loop
Treaty = Agreement between states
National Compliance = laws and regulations
Other actions
Engage diplomats
OPCWTechnical
Secretariat
The OPCW’s mission is to implement the provisions of the Chemical Weapons Convention to achieve our vision of a world free of chemical weapons and the threat of their use, and in which chemistry is used for peace, progress, and prosperity.
Obligation of the SP isNational implementation ofthe international Treaties
Scientific Advisory
Board
OPCWDirector- General
States Parties Conference
National actions
SAB mechanism: communication loop
Treaty = Agreement between states
National Compliance = laws and regulations
Other actions
Engage diplomats
OPCWTechnical
SecretariatSAB briefings to SP delgations
Science for Diplomats Initiative
PROMOTING DIALOGUE BETWEEN SCIENCE AND DIPLOMACY
The OPCW’s mission is to implement the provisions of the Chemical Weapons Convention to achieve our vision of a world free of chemical weapons and the threat of their use, and in which chemistry is used for peace, progress, and prosperity.
Obligation of the SP isNational implementation ofthe international Treaties
Scientific Advisory
Board
OPCWDirector- General
States Parties Conference
National actions
SAB mechanism: communication loop
Treaty = Agreement between states
National Compliance = laws and regulations
Other actions
Engage diplomats
OPCWTechnical
SecretariatSAB briefings to SP delgations
Science for Diplomats Initiative
PROMOTING DIALOGUE BETWEEN SCIENCE AND DIPLOMACY
OPCW’s Science Policy Advisor supports the Board asSAB Secretary.The Secretary facilitates the work of the Board, ensuringthere is visibility and connection to the stakeholders of itsadvice (which include the staff of the OPCW and the StatesParties).
Feedback mechanism and productive discourse with recipients of advice and recommendations
Independent and scientifically credible
Considers all relevant information and provides evidence-based advice
Promotes and strengthens scientific literacy for decision making
Visible and supported (with both a facilitator and funding) within its “ecosystem”
Therefore… Advisory board should be independent, objective and active
Key Elements of an Effective Scientific Advisory Mechanism
Conclusion
Monitoring Science & Technology by an engaged independent objective and active
body is important
• For Convention implementation (look for tools for disarmament, detection, verification)
• To find new tools to recognize when something is “not right”
• To guide diplomats and politicians to make scientifically informed deliberations and decision
There are some key elements to enable a Scientific Advisory Mechanism
• Well-defined Line or report• Supporting structure (OPCW) and human
resources (facilitator) to relate to relevant stakeholders
• Assure a communication loop
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