opening access to research through repositories bill hubbard sherpa manager university of nottingham

Opening Access to ResearchThrough Repositories

Bill Hubbard

SHERPA Manager

University of Nottingham

Outline

What’s it all about?

Where are we now?

Where are we going?

What are we going to do?

What’s it all about

Open Access

Budapest Open Access Initiative

“An old tradition and a new technology have converged to make possible an unprecedented public good . . .”

– http://www.soros.org/openaccess/read.shtml

High principals to practicalities

Open Access landscape

Open Access - definitions– Open Access Journals– Open Access Repositories

Data Providers and Service Providers Repository networks Policy developments - publishers, funders, institutions

Institutional repositories

“Digital collections that preserve and provide access to the intellectual output of an institution.”*

Encouraging wider use of open access information assets

May contain a variety of digital objects – e-prints, – theses, – e-learning objects, – datasets

* Raym Crow The case for institutional repositories: a SPARC position paper. 2002.

Repository content

Preprints Postprints Datasets Learning objects Videos Sound files

linkage between these objects

Theses Dissertations Royalty publications Conference papers Technical reports Grey literature

Why institutional?

The OAI-PMH allows a single gateway to search and access many repositories– subject-based portals or views– subject-based classification and search– institutional storage and support

Practical reasons– use institutional infrastructure– integration into work-flows and systems – support is close to academic users and contributors

Repository Types

Growth of IRs in HE

Drivers - – e-version of working– serials crisis– greater exposure– easier access– moral case for access

SHERPA, DARE, ARROWs, others

Research-led universities responded

Russell & 1994 Groups

University of Bath Birkbeck University of Birmingham University of Bristol University of Cambridge Cardiff University University of Durham University of East Anglia University of Edinburgh University of Essex University of Exeter University of Glasgow Goldsmiths

University of Reading Royal Holloway University of St Andrews University of Sheffield SOAS University of Southampton University of Surrey University of Sussex University of Warwick UCL University of York

Imperial College King's College London Lancaster University University of Leeds University of Leicester University of Liverpool Loughborough University LSE University of Manchester University of Newcastle University of Nottingham University of Oxford Queen Mary Queen’s University

Repositories by Continent

European Repositories

Repositories’ Languages - global

Repositories Software

Use of IRs in HE

Exposure of research outputs Shop window RAE-like activities Data management Integration with information environment Conference papers eTheses, eDissertations . . . all these are internal or outgoing how to use these resources within library provision?

Repository use

Access to material Citation analysis Overlay journals Review projects Evidence based work Data-mining Cross-institutional research

group virtual research environments

. . . Services built on top

RAE-like submissions, activities and management

Archival storage “Shop-windows” Facilitate industrial links Career-long personalised

work spaces

Putting stuff in, getting stuff out

Deposit – create a description of the eprint– attach a copy– put into an institutional repository – takes about 10 minutes

Discovery– use search engines– subject-based portals– find similar material within your subject

publication & deposition

Author writes paper

Submits to journal

Paper refereed

Revised by author

Author submits final version

Published in journal

Deposits in e-print repository

pre-print

post-print

published version

Academic concerns

Subject base more natural ? – institutional infrastructure, view by subject

Quality control ?– peer-review clearly labelled

Plagiarism– old problem - and easier to detect

“I already have my papers on my website . . . “– unstructured for RAE, access, search, preservation

Threat to journals?– evidence shows co-existence possible - but in the future . . . ?

Issues for academic use

Copyright restrictions– approx.. 93% (of Nottingham’s) journals allow their authors

to archive

Embargoes– defines relationship of publisher to research

Cultural change– like email

Deposition policies from funders

Support for repositories

SHERPA SHERPA Plus RSP RoMEO JULIET OpenDOAR Prospero Intute Repository Search DRIVER EThOS, DART-Europe

RRT IRIScotland PERX BASE, Oaister

DRProg RPProg

UKPMC

Developing environment

Funding mandates– RCUK– Wellcome Trust– Arthritis Research Campaign

European Commission– 'Study on the Economic and Technical Evolution of the

Scientific Publication Markets of Europe‘– Petition - 17500 signatures

The Guardian’ “Free our data” campaign

JULIET screen-shot

Re-use

Repositories may be free . . . they may be open . . . they may be accessible . . . but are they Open Access?

Repositories' Metadata Policies

Repositories' Full-text Policies

Repositories' Preservation Policies

Preservation Policy

 Items will be retained indefinitely. The repository will try to ensure continued readability and accessibility.

– Items will be migrated to new file formats where necessary. – Where possible, software emulations will be provided to access un-migrated formats.

The repository regularly backs up its files according to current best practice. The original bit stream is retained for all items, in addition to any upgraded formats. Items may not normally be removed from the repository. Acceptable reasons for withdrawal include:

– Proven copyright violation or plagiarism – Legal requirements and proven violations – National Security – Falsified research

Withdrawn items are not deleted per se, but are removed from public view. Withdrawn items' identifiers/URLs are retained indefinitely. URLs will continue to point to 'tombstone' citations, to avoid broken links and to retain item histories. Changes to deposited items are not permitted. Errata and corrigenda lists may be included with the original record if required. If necessary, an updated version may be deposited. In the event of the repository being closed down, the database will be transferred to another appropriate

archive.

Content Policy

Content Policy for types of document & data set held  This is an institutional or departmental repository. The repository holds all types of materials. Papers are individually tagged with their peer-review and publication status.

Submission Policy

Submission Policy concerning depositors, quality & copyright  Items may only be deposited by accredited members of the organisation, or their

delegated agents. Authors may only submit their own work for archiving. The administrator only vets items for the eligibility of authors/depositors,

relevance to the scope of the repository, valid layout & format, and the exclusion of spam

The validity and authenticity of the content of submissions is the sole responsibility of the depositor.

Items can be deposited at any time, but will not be made publicly visible until any publishers' or funders' embargo period has expired.

Any copyright violations are entirely the responsibility of the authors/depositors. If the repository receives proof of copyright violation, the relevant item will be

removed immediately.

Metadata Policy

Metadata Policy for information describing items in the repository  Anyone may access the metadata free of charge. The metadata may be re-used in any medium without prior permission for not-

for-profit purposes and re-sold commercially provided the OAI Identifier or a link to the original metadata record are given.

Data Policy

Data Policy for full-text and other full data items  Anyone may access full items free of charge. Copies of full items generally can be:

– reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium

– for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.

provided: – the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given

– a hyperlink and/or URL are given for the original metadata page

– the content is not changed in any way

Full items must not be harvested by robots except transiently for full-text indexing or citation analysis

Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holders.

Co-existence?

Can repositories co-exist with traditional publication?

Can repositories work with the current environment?

Can repositories work with the future environment?

What is the future? - and to what extent will Open Access form the future?

Futures

10 years - what changes are coming down the track and what responses are needed?

What is inside your control and what is outside? Irrespective of repositories, author-side charges,

open access - what will develop? Developments in the web and ICT alone will produce

substantial change . . . Some themes to discuss . . .

http://www.sherpa.ac.ukhttp://www.opendoar.org

bill.hubbard@nottingham.ac.uk

SHERPA Partners

– University of Nottingham – University of Birmingham – University of Bristol – University of Cambridge – University of Durham – University of Edinburgh – University of Glasgow – London LEAP Consortium – University of Newcastle – University of Oxford – White Rose Partnership – The British Library– Arts & Humanities Data Service

London LEAP Consortium – Birkbeck College – Goldsmiths College – Imperial College – Institute of Cancer

Research – Kings College – London School of

Economics and Political Science (LSE)

– Royal Holloway – Queen Mary

– School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS)

– School of Pharmacy (SoP) – University College,

London (UCL)

White Rose Partnership – University of Leeds – University of Sheffield – University of York