plant layout 2
Post on 26-Feb-2018
248 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
1/24
Plant Layout
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
2/24
Types of Layout:
1. Fixed-position layout.2. Product layout (or production
line)
3. Process layout4. Cellular layout
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
3/24
Fixed - Position Layout:
A layout where the materials or ma orcomponents remain in a !xed place towhich tools" machinery" men and otherpieces o# material are $rou%ht. &he
product stays and resources mo'e to it.(e.%. ship$uildin%)
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
4/24
Fixed Position Layout
Ad'anta%es &he in'estment is 'ery low. Flexi$le as chan%e in o$ desi%n and
operation se uence can $e easilyincorporated.
Ad ustments can $e made to meetshorta%e o# materials or a$sence o#wor*ers $y chan%in% the se uence o#operations.
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
5/24
Fixed Position Layout
+isad'anta%es As the production period $ein% 'ery
lon% so the capital in'estment is 'eryhi%h.
,ery lar%e space is re uired #orstora%e o# material and e uipmentnear the product.
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
6/24
Product Layout (Production
Line)A layout where the place o# one
operation immediately ad acent to thenext the e uipment needed is arran%ed
accordin% to the operational se uence. &his layout has low num$er o# part
types and hi%h production 'olume. t ismore e/cient $ut less 0exi$le thanprocess layout.
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
7/24
Product Layout (Production
Line)Ad'anta%es educed material handlin% acti'ities or* in process almost eliminated inimum manu#acturin% time impli!cation o# the PPC system. 5ptimum use o# 0oor space. &as* simpli!cation
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
8/24
Product Layout (Production
Line)+isad'anta%es 6esser 0exi$ility in the production
process 7i%h capital in'estment 7i%h o'erhead char%es 8'ery wor*station is critical in the
process onotonous wor*
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
9/24
Process Layout (Job-shop)
A layout where all operations o# sameprocess or type are %rouped to%ethere uipment per#ormin% a common#unction is %rouped to%ether.
&his layout has hi%h num$er o# parttypes and low production 'olume. &his iscommon #or a lar%e 'ariety o# productsin $atch 'olumes as similar process are
%rouped to%ether.
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
10/24
Process Layout (Job-shop)
Ad'anta%es peciali9ed la$or and super'ision :rea*down o# one machine does not
distur$ the production process. 6ower capital in'estment is re uired. Flexi$ility as material can $e rerouted
in any se uence.
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
11/24
Process Layout (Job-shop)
+isad'anta%es ne/cient 6on% material transport routes #rom
dept. to dept. or* in pro%ress is hi%h &rac*in% o# orders can $e di/cult.
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
12/24
Cellular Layout
&he layout is $ased on the %roupin%o# parts to #orm #amilies $ased oncommon machinin% re uirements (andother aspects" such as shapes" material
composition" toolin% re uirements" etc.). 8ach cell manu#actures products
$elon%in% to a sin%le #amily. Commonly applied to machined parts. uited to products in $atches and
where desi%n chan%es o#ten .
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
13/24
Cellular Layout
Producti'ity and uality maximi9ed. &hrou%hout times and wor* inpro%ress *ept to a minimum.
Flexi$le uited to pro%ress
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
14/24
Facility Planning ethodology
1. +ocument the Present5peration
2. +e!ne the Acti'ities3. +e'elop pace e uirements
4. +e'elop Acti'ity elationships
;. +e'elop a uare Foota%ee uirements preadsheet
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
15/24
!ocu"ent the Present
#peration Prior to the de'elopment o# a new#acility plan" it is necessary to documentyour current operations. &o $e%in Flow
chart the operation" documentin%material and in#ormation 0ow. naddition" document current methods andthe present e uipment layout. 5nce you
ha'e completed documentin% thecurrent operation" the next step is tode'elop impro'ed 0ows. tudy your 0owchart #or the current state and loo* #orsteps that are redundant or may nolon%er $e necessary. n addition" you
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
16/24
!e$ne the %cti&ities
hile you ha'e $een documentin%the present operation" you pro$a$lyha'e $een de!nin% speci!c acti'ities.Acti'ities are present or #uture
operations" speci!c pieces o# e uipment"wor*spaces" or areas that will ma*e upthe space that you are plannin%.Acti'ities may include +oc*"arehouse" :rea* oom" hippin% Area"etc.
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
17/24
!e&elop 'pace e uire"ents
5nce you ha'e de!ned the acti'itiesthat will ma*e up the new #acility plan"you must decide on a plannin% hori9on(e.%. 1> years). n addition" we need to
determine what is to $e included interms o# the amount o# space"e uipment" and operationalimpro'ements #or each acti'ity. &hesere uirements 'ary #rom acti'ity toacti'ity. &hus" it is necessary to loo* ateach acti'ity indi'idually $ecause someacti'ities may e'en disappear.
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
18/24
!e&elop %cti&ity elationships
5nce we ha'e de!ned the acti'itiesand de'eloped their re uirements" thenext step is to de!ne the relationships$etween acti'ities. &his is done $yrelatin% each acti'ity to all o# the othersthat ha'e $een de!ned. &herelationships are de!ned $y a closenessratin% system
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
19/24
!e&elop %cti&ity elationships
A meanin% that it is a$solutely necessary thatthe acti'ities $e next to each other E meanin% that it is especially necessary thatthe acti'ities $e close to each other I meanin% that it is important the acti'ities$e close to each other O meanin% that ordinary closeness $emaintained (meanin% that it is only necessarythat these acti'ities $e in the same #acility) U meanin% that it is unimportant theacti'ities $e close to each other" and X meanin% that the acti'ities should not $eclose to each other.
For each relationship de!ned" the reason(s)why a speci!c closeness ratin% was used is also
noted.
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
20/24
!e&elop a ' uare Footage
e uire"ents 'preadsheet 5nce we ha'e de!ned the acti'itiesand de'eloped their re uirements" thenext step is to de!ne the relationships$etween acti'ities. &his is done $yrelatin% each acti'ity to all o# the othersthat ha'e $een de!ned. &herelationships are de!ned $y a closenessratin% system
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
21/24
!e&elop *loc+ Plan Layouts
5nce the relationship chart has $eencompleted" it is time to mo'e onto thenext step" de'elopin% $loc* plan layouts#or the #acility. A $loc* plan layout is ustas it sounds" a layout o# a #acility usin%$loc*s o# space" no details. &he $loc*plan is de'eloped $y usin% the uareFoota%e e uirements preadsheet andthe elationship Chart that ha'e $een
pre'iously de'eloped. ith thisin#ormation" $loc*s o# space arede'eloped and positioned accordin% totheir relationships de!ned in theelationship Chart.
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
22/24
!e&elop *loc+ Plan Layouts
t is a %ood idea to de'elop a #ewalternati'e $loc* plans and thencompare the pros and cons o# eachlayout. any times" each layout has%ood traits that are then com$ined intoa !nal $loc* plan layout.
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
23/24
-
7/25/2019 Plant Layout 2
24/24
Thank You
top related