preservation issues

ARCHIVAL OF ARCHIVAL OF ELECTRONIC ELECTRONIC INFORMATIONINFORMATION

Lucia StefanArchiva Ltd

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Digital preservation basics

Digital preservation challenges

Digital preservation principles and strategies

The OAIS Reference Model

Digital preservation

DIGITAL PRESERVATION CHALLENGES

Technical challenges Uncertain lifetimes for hardware Hardware and software obsolescence

Conceptual challenges: Three levels of information :

Physical layer – bitstream Logical layer – file format Conceptual layer – web pages, documents, etc

Which of these layers we want to preserve? What we can do?

OAIS REFERENCE MODEL

Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS) ISO 14721:2003 Space data and information

transfer systems -- Open archival information system -- Reference model

Defines: Common vocabulary (definitions of key concepts) Information model (information packages, metadata,

etc.) Functional model (six functional entities) Mandatory responsibilities

OAIS REFERENCE MODEL (3)

Administration

Ingest

ArchivalStorage

Access

DataManagement

Descriptive info.

PRODUCER

CONSUMER

MANAGEMENT

queries

result sets

Descriptive info.

Preservation Planning

orders

OAIS Functional Entities (Figure 4-1)

SIP

SIP

SIP

DIP

DIP

AIP AIP

OAIS REFERENCE MODEL

OAIS Information Model:Defines the “Information Packages” required

Ingest (Submission Information Package) Storage (Archival Information Package) Access (Dissemination Information Package)

All objects are wrapped in multiple layers of metadata (Representation Information, Descriptive Information, Packaging, etc.)

DIGITAL PRESERVATION PRINCIPLES

Based on life-cycle management i.e. a continous programme of active

management both managerial and technical processes as in

the OAIS Reference Model

Wherever possible, retain also the original bitstream

Encapsulation Surrounding the digital object with all of the

information needed to decode and understand it (including software)

STRATEGIES FOR PRESERVATION Four different strategies proposed:

Conservation

Refreshment of Data o Change of mediumo Continuity of bitstream

Emulationo Recreation of hardware and software

Migrationo Transferring formato Change in bitstream

PRESERVATION SUPPORT ON INGEST

Formats can be identified and validated on ingest or deposit into a repository JHOVE (JSTOR/Harvard Object Validation

Environment) PRONOM, DROID (The National Archives)

Metadata Some tools exist for the automatic capture of metadata

Standardisation on ingest Adoption of open or non-proprietary standards, e.g.

databases structured in XML, uncompressed images, 'preservation friendly' standards like PDF/A

TRAC CRITERIA AND CHECKLIST(TRUSTED REPOSITORY AUDIT AND CERTIFICATION)

TRAC criteria cover three main aspects:

Organisational Infrastructure: Governance & organizational viability Organizational structure & staffing Procedural accountability Financial sustainability Contracts, licenses, & liabilities

TRAC CRITERIA AND CHECKLIST

Digital Object ManagementIngest: Acquisition of contentIngest: creation of the archivable packagePreservation planning Archival storage & preservation/maintenanceInformation managementAccess management

Technologies, Technological Infrastructure &Security

ANY QUESTIONS ?

About Planets Project http://www.planets-project.eu/

Lucia Stefan Info.archiva@uclmail.net