publisher: achibest nig ltd
Post on 27-Feb-2022
10 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 2
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ONLINE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
COPYRIGHT: © Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria,
Enugu Campus (2020)
ENQUIRIRES: management.businessadministration@unn.edu.ng
ISBN: 978-978-985-709-8
PUBLISHER: Achibest Nig Ltd
Enugu, Nigeria (08063581978)
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 3
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
HOST: Prof. Geraldine E. Ugwuonah
Dean, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
LOCAL ORGANISING COMMITTEE:
Prof G. E. Ugwuonah - Dean/Conference Director
Dr V. A. Onodugo - Chairman
Dr E. K. Agbaeze - Member
Dr I. C. Nwakoby - Member
Dr D. O. Chukwunwike - Member
Dr E. C. Idoko - Member
Mr S. O. Ilo - Secretary
KEYNOTE SPEAKERS:
Paper 1: Appraisal of Multisectoral Responses to Covid19-Induced Global Economic
Recession: The Case of Nigeria
By
Prof. Eric Chiedu Eboh
Policy Economist and Professor of Agricultural Economics,
University of Nigeria
Chief Wealth Creation Officer for Delta State, Nigeria.
Paper 2: Exploring Multisectoral Responses to a Global Economy in Recession
By
Prof. Stanley C. Nwoji
Professor of e-Business and Entrepreneurship
Harrisburg University of Science and Technology
Harrisburg, PA
USA
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 4
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
SUB-THEMES AND TRACK LEADERS
1. Sustainability Marketing and Long-Term Customer Value Enhancement
by Prof J. O. Nnabuko and Dr C. D. Otei
2. Financial Inclusion, Systems and Environment
by Prof J. U. J. Onwumere and Dr I. G. Ibe
3. Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management in Turbulent Times
by Dr V. A. Onodugo, Dr E. K. Agbaeze, Dr O. T. Ude and Dr M. C. Arukwe
4. Financial Innovation, Technology and Emerging Markets
by Dr O. P. Egbo and Dr C. E. Onyeke
5. Issues in Public Sector Accounting and Finance
by Dr R. O. Ugwoke and Dr D. C. Chukwunwuke
6. Financial Accounting and Reporting
by Dr G. N. Ofoegbu and Dr I. J. Nnam
7. Mitigating Economic Hardship via Apprenticeship and Family-Owned Businesses
by Rev Fr Dr A. A. Igwe, Mr S. O. Ilo, and Barr G. O. Itiowe
8. Women in Corporate Management and Business: Prospects and Challenges
by Dr I. C. Nwakoby and Dr C. O. Manasseh
9. Customer – Technology Interface during and after Covid-19
by Prof G. E. Ugwuonah and Dr C. C. Ugwuanyi
10. Corporate Social Responsibility and Preserving and Environment of Business
by Dr E. C. Idoko and Mr K. E. Ogbonna
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 5
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
PREFACE
The re-definition of insanity according to Albert Einstein, is when one does the same thing over
and over again and expects a different result. We live in a world full of eccentricities, where
change seems to be the enduring constant thing in life. Consequently, human responses to issues
are largely defined by the context, and emerging challenges associated with the phenomena. The
world was taken unawares this year by the outbreak of Covid-19 which began in Wuhan, a
suburb in China last year, and assumed a pandemic proportion at the mid to later part of the first
quarter of this year. This singular unanticipated intervening variable reset the global agenda in
almost every sphere of life and drew attention to itself ever since. Experts in every field
including but not limited to health, social, economic, political and technology riveted focus to
this malaise. The highly contagious nature of the pandemic led to lockdowns initially and later
restrictions in movements. Scheduled meetings and conferences as well as sporting events all
were postponed or outrightly cancelled. Morbidity, mortality and shrinking livelihoods became
the inevitable aftermath.
As academics and researchers, we were not only forced to select our maiden international
conference theme to reflect and align with this global trend, it forced us to experiment with
online conference for the first time. The resounding feedback signalled that the conference was
as successful as it was efficient. Participants attended from across the globe expending limited
resources. This Book of Abstracts is to document the synopsis of the rich repertoire of papers
presented in the conference which was uniquely international.
We wish you all a happy reading
Prof Geraldine E. Ugwuonah Vincent A. Onodugo, PhD, Fcai, Fnim
Dean/Conference Director Chair, Local organizing committee
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 6
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Mobile Phone Possession, Digital Financial Service Charges and Digital Financial Inclusion
among Low-Income Groups in Edo State, Nigeria
Dr. Imhanrenialena, Benedict Ogbemudia1 and Ilo, Sylvester Okechukwu2 --- --- --- 14
Cattle Rearing Business in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects for Post-Covid-19-lockdown
Economic Recovery and Sustainable Development of Southeast Nigeria
1Chris C. Emeali; 2Magnus Ugwa, 3Ellis I. Idemobi; 4Gabriel C. Mgbemena, 5Johnson
Nwokeiwu, 6Bethel U. Oganezi, 7Chimeziem G. Udeze and 8Juliet A. Onwuchekwa --- --- 15
Determinants of Commercial Banks’ Credit to the Private Sector in Nigeria:
A Supply Side Approach
Obiamaka Egbo1, Godwin Imo Ibe2, Jude Chidi Anago3 and David Chidi Ozor4 --- --- --- 16
Blockchain Technology on Audit Practice: The Professional Accountants’ Fate
(A Literature Review)
Ngozi N. Ugwu1 and Stella E. Okeke2 --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- 17
Empirical Investigation of Oil Price Volatility-Macroeconomy Nexus in Oil-Exporting
Sub-Saharan Africa
David-Wayas, Onyinye Maria --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 18
The Effectiveness of the Igbo Apprenticeship System in Achieving Sustainable Business
Education
Eneh, N. C. J.1, Chris-Nnamchi, J. N.2, Ifediora, C. U.3, and Otiji, Chineme4 --- --- --- 19
Cashless Policy and Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria:
Evidence from Lagos and Abuja Nigeria
Iyke-Ofoedu Maureen Ifeoma1, Eze Kingsley2, Okechi Obiora3and Agbaeze Emmanuel4 --- 20
Entrepreneurship and Small Business - The Bedrock to a Global Economy in Recession
Okoro Blessing Chineme1 and Madueke Daniel2--- --- --- --- --- --- --- 21
Leadership Succession Planning and Sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises in
Enugu State, Nigeria
Ben Etim Udoh1, Ogbonna Kenneth Egwuatu2and Okereke Lawrence Okoronkwo3--- --- 22
Effects of Social Media on Consumer Brand Awareness and Patronage of Nike Lake Resort
Services in Enugu: An Innovation Adoption Theory & Hierarchy of Effects Model
Exposition
Okolo Victor O.1, Obikeze Chinedum O.2, Oranusi Ifeanyichukwu N.3, Wali Kemkamma4, Nnadi
Nmere O.5 and Okoro Deborah P.6--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 23
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 7
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
Community Relations: A Panacea for Effective Basic Education Development in Nigeria
Ngozi Okey-Amalu1 and Joseph Ikechukwu Uduji2--- --- --- --- --- --- 24
Measuring Hotel Guests’ Experience: An Emerging Market Perspective
Samuel Ehimen1, Joseph Ikechukwu Uduji2 and Chidera Christian Ugwuanyi3--- --- --- 25
The Impact of Global Financial Crisis on the Rural Household Poverty in Enugu State
Cyril O. Ugwuoke1, Chukwudi C. Nwokolo2, Ngozi Idemili-Aronu3 and Igwe Ijeoma4--- --- 26
Techno-Advantage: The Implication of Differentiation Strategies on Corporate growth of
Nigerian Telcos
Joy Ifeoma Enemuo1, Chinyere Catherine Onyejiaku2 and Ben Etim Udoh3--- --- --- 27
Gender and Leadership Differences in Public Sector Organisations in South-East Nigeria 1,2Ezenwakwelu, Charity A. and Itiowe, Grateful O. --- --- --- --- --- --- 28
Tailoring Business in Nigeria: Problems and Prospects (A Study of Some Selected Tailors
in Enugu State)
Martha Chinyere Okonkwo --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- 29
Effect of Succession Management on Sustainability of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises
(SMES) in South East Nigeria
Ukairo Agwu Kalu1, Igwesi Chika George2 and Ijeh Mathew Chiedu3--- --- --- --- 30
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and Start-ups in a Sub Saharan Africa
Court Timinepere Ogele1 and Arikekpar, Obaima Ateibueri2--- --- --- --- --- 31
Maritime Sector: Key Driver of Economic Growth and Sustainable Development in Nigeria
Ikenna Amuka1 and Paul C. Ezinna2--- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- 32
Effects of Philanthropy on Corporate Reputation in a Global Pandemic
Court Timinepere Ogele --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- --- 33
Pandemic-Proof Globalisation: A Response to a Global Economy in Recession
Chinwe Regina Okoyeuzu1 and Angela Ifeanyi Ujunwa2--- --- --- --- --- --- 34
Repositioning Technology Education in Nigeria through Entrepreneurial Skill Acquisition
(A Study of Selected Tertiary Institutions in South-East Nigeria)
Obialor, Donatus Chukwuemeka --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- 35
Developing Entrepreneurial Behaviour: The Individual and Its Environment
Obialor, Donatus Chukwuemeka --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 36
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 8
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
Enhancing Long-term Customer Value in a Recessed Economy through Sustainability
Marketing Strategies
Dr. Ewuzie, C. O.1 and Dr. Ifediora, C.U.2--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 37
Influence of E-Learning Policy Pedagogy on Student-Centered Collaborative Learning and
Development in Higher Institutions in Enugu State, Nigeria
Dr. Arukwe Maureen Chiegeonu1 and Dr. Kelvin-Iloafu Lovlyn Ekeowa2--- --- --- 38
Women in Accounting Profession and their Place in a Developing Economy: Problems and
Prospects
Dr. Ezuwore-Obodoekwe Charity N1, Dr. Okeke-Muogbo Gloria N.2 and Dr. Oparah Promise
Chika3 --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- --- --- --- 39
New Product Marketing Challenges: Entrepreneurial Perspective and Empirical Evidence
from the Retail Outlets in Enugu Metropolis
Dr. Ude Anthony Obiora1, Dr. Ndu Vitalis Chinedu2 and Ude Love Ogochukwu3 ---- --- 40
Public Relations and Small Business Management: a Study of Government Relations in
Some Selected Markets in Kano State
Yakubu Mahmoud Musa1 and Dr. Uduji Joseph I.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 41
Entrepreneurship Skills as a Panacea for the Growth of Small and Medium Scale
Enterprises in Enugu State
Emezue Leonard Nnabugwu1, Okobo Marian Mukosolu2 and Chikwendu Nneka Francisca3 --- --- 42
Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Manufacturing Company:
A Focus on the Effect of Business Environment
Dr. NicholasI. Achilike1, Ven. Bethel Oganezi2 and Dr. Linus Adama3 --- --- --- --- 43
The Effects of Gender on Perceptions of Human Resources Productivity among Health
Professionals: Evidence from Public Hospitals in South-East Nigeria
Dr. Ghasi Nwanneka Chidimma1 and Ogbuabor Daniel Chukwuemeka2 --- --- --- --- 44
Corporate Social Responsibility and Organisational Performance: Evidence from Nigeria
Breweries Enugu State Nigeria
Dr. Agu Okoro Agu1and Dr. Anichebe Nnaemeka Augustine2 --- --- --- --- --- 45
The Legal Status and Regulatory Challenges of Cryptocurrencies in Nigeria
Dr. Festus Okechukwu Ukwueze --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 46
Customer Retention Strategies and Growth of Hospitality Industry in South East, Nigeria
Dr. Ann Ogbo1 and Asemota Godswill 2 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 47
Effective Public Sector Accounting as a Panacea to Finance Related Corruption in Nigeria.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 9
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
Nnamani Chidiebere1, Eke Celestine Chinwe2, Ugwoke Obioma Vivian3, Dr. Ugwoke Robinson4
and Ozondu Mary Eberechukwu5--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 48
Succession Planning and Financial Performance: A Resource-Based View Analysis
Ohakim Emmanuel Chibueze1, Dr. Agbaeze Emmanuel Kalu2, Alaefule Fidelis
Odinakachukwu3, Iwobi Uche MaryRose4, Ugwuja Gertrude Chinelo5 and Chukwuma Isaac
Onyeyirichukwu6 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 49
Humane Entrepreneurship & the Nigerian Youth in the Post-COVID-19 Era
Dr. Madichie O. Nnamdi1 and Dr. Nnonyelu Au Nkemdili2 --- --- --- --- --- 50
Investigating the Nexus between Digital Finance, Financial Inclusion and Economic Growth:
Evidence from Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) Region
Charles O. Manasseh1, Ifeoma C. Nwakoby2, Kenechukwu K. Ede3, Jonathan E. Ogbuabor4,
Felicia C. Abada5, Felix C. Alio6 and Obiamaka P. Egbo7 --- --- --- --- --- 51
Integrated Sustainability Reporting and the Moderating Effect of Corporate Governance
Characteristics
Dr. Nnam Imaobong J.1, Dr. Ugwuja Chioma P.2 and Dr. Anisiuba Chika3 --- --- --- 52
Cultural Diversity and Sustainability of Performance of Selected Deposit Money Banks in
Enugu State, Nigeria
Olayeni Akintunde Olumayowa,1 Abua Benedict Okpuku2 and Onuegbulem Ngozi Ihuoma3 – 53
Relationship Marketing and Customer Loyalty: A Review of Literature
Joachin Uchechukwu Okolo and Dr Uduji I. Joseph --- --- --- --- --- --- 54
Financial Deepening, Innovation as Engine of Economic Development in a Digitized World
Dr. Obiekwe Chinelo Jenevive and Dr. Agu Nkechi Christiana --- --- --- --- --- 55
Effect of Talent Management on Career Development among Employees of Manufacturing
Firms in Enugu State
Onu Abara1, Okolo Marvis Ndu2 and Siaisia Timipa Siloko3 --- --- --- --- --- 56
Job Crafting, a Brain Drain Antidote in Public Universities in South-East Nigeria
Arachie Augustine Ebuka1, Dr. Agaeze Emmanuel Kalu2 and Monyei Francis3 --- --- --- 57
Survival Strategies of Small-Scale Business Enterprise in a Depressed Economy: A Case
Study of Some Selected Small-Scale Industries in Enugu Nigeria.
Adaora Uzochukwu1, Kennedy Uzochukwu2, Dr. Emmanuel Agbaeze3 --- --- --- --- 58
Exploring Effect of Electronic Media on Health Behaviour in Covid-19 Pandemic Era
Chukwu Amaechi M1 and Dr. Abugu O. James2 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 59
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 10
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
,
Examining Financial Innovation Impact on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Ifeoma C. Nwakoby1, Charles O. Manasseh2, Kenechukwu K. Ede3, Felicia C. Abada4 and
Felix C. Alio6 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 60
Recent Developments in Environmental and Social Accounting Research in Nigeria:
A Call for Paradigm Shift in Approaches and Practices
Dr. Onyeanu Edith Ogoegbunam1 and Tijjani Ahmed Ajai2 --- --- --- --- --- 61
Organisational Intervention: The Quest in Turbulent Times 1Monyei Ezieshi Francis, 2Dr. Agbaeze Kalu Emmanuel, 3Nwoke Ngozi Suzan, 4Agaba Sheneni
Friday, 5Okolo Ndu Marvis, 6Afunwa Adachukwu Promise, and 7Chukwu Nnanna Clinton --- 62
Does Social Capital Improve the Role of Financial Behaviour on Financial Inclusion in
Suburban Business Clusters?
Chike Paschal Onodugo1, Ifeoma Joanes Onodugo2 and Dr. Anastasia Ifechukwudebelu
Ogbo --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- --- --- --- 63
Effect of Data mining on Fraud Detection and Control in Microfinance Banks in Nigeria
Odoh Longinus Chukwudi1 and Dr. Ofoegbu Grace Nnereugwu2 --- --- --- --- 64
Impact of External Debt on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Ajuh, Ali Iteh1 and Onyeanu Edith (Ph.D)2 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 65
Apprenticeship System and the Performance of Family-Owned Businesses in Anambra
State, South-East, Nigeria
Chriscato Ikechukwu Ameke1, Anthony Obiora Ude2 and Ignatius Chukwuemeka Ekenechukwu3--- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- --- --- 66
Proliferation of Home-Based Enterprises Amid Economic Recession the Challenge for
Planners 1Nkeiru Hope Ezeadichie and 2Gladys Ogochukwu Chukwurah (Ph.D) --- --- --- --- 67
Entrepreneurial Marketing and Social Value Creation by Small and Medium Scale
Enterprises in Nigeria
Dr. Amadi Lawrence1 and Ihe Chima James2 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 68
Materials management practices and Financial Performance of Manufacturing Firms in
Rivers State, Nigeria 1Okereke Lawrence Okoronkwo, 2Dr. Ben Etim Udoh & 3Kolawole Olasoji Abraham --- --- 69
Exploration of Adaptive Strategies for Sustainability of Small and Medium Scale
Enterprises in the face of Global Economic Downturn
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 11
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
Anisiuba, C. A. (Ph.D)1;Nnam, I. J. (Ph.D)2 and Ozioko, C.3 --- --- --- --- --- 70
Conflict Management and Courtesy Behaviour of Oil and Gas Companies in Port
Harcourt, Nigeria. 1Dr. Obiora-Okafo Chinedu Afamefuna, 2Okereke Lawrence Okoronkwo, 3Tojue Obianuju
Grace and 4Onyemachi Chidinma Adanso --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 71
Crypto-Currency and the Nigerian Economy: Problems and Prospects
Chibueze E. Onyeke1, Ngozi N. Ugwu2 and Kelvin-Iloafu Lovlyn Ekeowa3 --- --- --- 72
Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic and Entrepreneurial Marketing Response Strategies for
Recovery and Survival
Joseph Sunday Etuk --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- --- 73
Menopausal Symptoms and Leadership Style of Women Entrepreneurs in Supermarket
Business
Nome Ujebe, Ph.D1, Agha Nancy C, Ph.D2 and Ezezue, B.O, Ph.D3--- --- --- --- 74
Cybersecurity and Economic Development in Nigeria
Aziagba Shekinah Oluchukwu --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- 75
Empirical Analysis of the Casual Relationship between Creative Accounting and the
Quality of Annual Financial Statements of Banks in Nigeria
Ugwoke, Obioma Vivian1; Onyeanu, Edith Ogoegbunam2 and Ugwoke, Robinson Onuora3 --- 76
Enriching Corporate Governance Culture in Nigerian Companies through Qualitative
Audit Committees
Ugwoke Robinson Onuora1, Ugwoke Obioma V.2, Edith O. Onyeanu3, Ozor Chidi D4 and Chidi
Nnamani5 --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- --- --- --- 77
The Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility on Growth of Faith-Based Organisations in
Nigeria
Uzodinma,Ifeyinwa Bernadette and Dr. Uduji, I. Joseph --- --- --- --- --- --- 78
Social Moderators of Workplace Change Process and Affective Commitment to Change of
Employees in the Financial Sector
Ifeoma Joanes Onodugo1, Rev. Fr. Dr. Igwe Anthony A.2 and Chike Pascal Onodugo3--- --- 79 .
Effect of Accounting Information System on the performance of Small and Medium Scale
Enterprises in Nigeria 1Odoh Longinus Chukwudi, 2Ilo Sylvester Okechukwu, 3Nnamani Chidiebere and 4Dr Nwekwo
Ngozi Mabel --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- --- --- 80
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 12
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
Entrepreneurship and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in
Turbulent Times in Anambra State: The Igbo Race Perspective
Agbionu, Clementina Uchenna --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- 81
An Assessment of Students’ Perception of Drivers of University Brand Equity in Nigeria
Achi David Achi and Prof. Geraldine Ugwuonah --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 82
A Causality Analysis between Social Contract and Tax Revenue
Chukwunwike, D. Onyekachi1 and Okoroiwu, K. Lugard2--- --- --- --- --- 83
Effect of Cashless Banking on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Dr. Ozoji Amara Priscilia1 and Dr. Ezechukwu Beatrice O2 --- --- --- --- --- 84
Assessment of the Effect of Non-Performing Loans on the Performance of Deposit Money
Banks in Nigeria in the Wake of a Global Economic Recession
Igwemeka, E.C.1, Onuselogu, Odidi C.2., and Ihegboro, Ifeoma M.3 --- --- --- --- 85
Expanding the Non-oil Sector through Diversification for Sustained Economic Growth of
Nigerian Economy
Okolo, Ndu Marvis1, Emengini Steve E2, and Okwu, Ifeanyi Peter3 --- --- --- --- 86
Impact of Financial Accounting and Reporting on the Profitability of Micro and Small
Enterprises: A study of South East Region of Nigeria 1Nsoke, Uche Peter and 2Dr. Ofoegbu, Grace N. --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 87
The Need for Government Intervention in Entrepreneurship Development in Enugu State:
A Case for the Coal Camp Enugu Industrial Motor Parts Business
Chikeleze Francis Okechukwu (Ph.D)1 and Etalong Thomas Alama2 --- --- --- --- 88
The Impact of Fair Value Accounting on the Reported Profit of Deposit Money Banks in
Nigeria 1Dr. Ofoegbu, Grace N. and 2Njoku, Emmanuel --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 89
Fraud Schemes and Fraudulent Accountants Prosecution in a Recessed Economy:
the Nigerian Situation 1Dr.Ojiakor Ijeoma P. and 2Osagioduwa Lucky Ogbomo --- --- --- --- --- --- 90
The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Growth of Political Parties in South-East,
Nigeria
Flint Ikechukwu Obiekwe1 and Shed C. Moguluwa, PhD2 --- --- --- --- --- 91
Effects of Organizational Climate on Internal Customers’ Citizenship Behaviour:
Insights from Small Business Organization
Edwin Chukwuemeka Idoko1 and Romanus Onyeka Ugwuanyi2 ------ --- --- --- 92
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 13
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
Information and Communication Technology Systems Applications in Supply Chain
Management and Quality Assurance of Pharmaceutical Companies: Evidence from Nigeria
Igwe, Anthony Aniagbaoso and Aninwike, Onyemaechi Cyril --- --- --- --- --- 93
Reducing Graduate Unemployment in Nigeria through Apprenticeship and Participation
in Family-Owned Businesses
Chukwu Benjamin Ibe1, Obu Herbert Anayo2 and Agbaeze Emmanuel Kalu3 --- --- --- 94
Successors Mentoring: Does it Serve as Lifejacket for Achieving Family Business
Trans-Generational Transition? Evidence from Nigeria
Olayinka A. Abiodun, (Ph.D) --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- 95
Employees Relations and its Effect on Employee Performance
Sani Abubakar1, Eru Eka John2 and George Yebimodei Esther3--- --- --- --- --- 96
Politics of Place and Space: Travails of Micro-business Entrepreneurs at the Kenyatta
Building Materials Market in Enugu, Nigeria
Dr Victor U. Onyebueke --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- --- --- 97
Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management in Turbulent Times
Halilu Uba, Jacob Ojonugwa and Muhammed I. Abraham --- --- --- --- --- 98
Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Marketing Performance in the Hospitality
Industry: Mediating role of Corporate Image 1Nwekeala, B. and 2Ugwuonah, G. --- --- --- --- --- ------ --- --- 99
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 14
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201017 - Mobile Phone Possession, Digital Financial Service Charges and Digital
Financial Inclusion among Low-Income Groups in Edo State, Nigeria
Dr. Imhanrenialena, Benedict Ogbemudia1 and Ilo, Sylvester Okechukwu2 1,2Department of Management,
Faculty of Business Administration,
University of Nigeria Nsukka
Nigeria.
Abstract
The low adoption of digital financial services particularly among the low-income groups in spite
of the associated superior benefits in Nigeria remains a source of concern for policymakers and
researchers. Long queues are still being witnessed in banking halls with customers doing manual
transactions that could be done with mobile banking Apps. This phenomenon calls to question
the association between mobile phone ownership and digital financial service adoption. To
address the problem, this study investigated: (1) the relationship between mobile phone
possession by bank customers and the adoption of digital financial services; (2) the association
between digital financial service charges and the adoption of digital financial services among
low-income groups. The intercept method was used to recruit 403 bank customers at 15
automated teller machine (ATM) galleries while the questionnaire was used to collect
quantitative data from the participants. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data while
Pearson’s product-moment correlation was used to test the hypotheses. It was concluded that a
positive significant association exists between the possession of a mobile phone and the adoption
of digital financial services among low-income groups and that low digital financial service
charges increase digital financial inclusion.
Keywords: Digital financial services, financial inclusion, low-income groups, Nigeria
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 15
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201018 – Cattle Rearing Business in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects for Post-
Covid-19-lockdown Economic Recovery and Sustainable Development of Southeast Nigeria
1Chris C. Emeali; 2Magnus Ugwa
Department of Management
Coal City University Enugu, Enugu State
chris.emeali@ccu.edu.ng1; magnusugwa@yahoo.com2
3Ellis I. Idemobi; 4Gabriel C. Mgbemena
Department of Business Administration
Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University
(Formally Anambra State University) Igbariam, Anambra State
ellisidemobi@gmail.com3, gabmgbemena@yahoo.com4
5Johnson Nwokeiwu; 6Bethel U. Oganezi; 7Chimeziem G. Udeze
Department of Business Administration
Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ebonyi State
jnwokeiwu@gmail.com5; venbethelogan@gmail.com6; gabrielaudeze@gmail.com7
8Juliet A. Onwuchekwa
Department of Entrepreneurship Studies
Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State
julietonwuchekwa@yahoo.com8
Abstract
This study looked at the business of cattle rearing in the 21st century Nigeria with particular
reference to the southeast region. The broad objective of the study is to critically assess cattle
rearing business in Nigeria vis-à-vis its challenges, prospects and implications for post-covid-19-
lockdown recovery and sustainable development of the southeast region. The study was
subjected to empirical test using regression analysis with the aid of SPSS version 21 to find out
the contribution of the cattle rearing business to post-covid-19-lockdown economic recovery and
sustainable development of the southeast region using data sourced from a sample of 400
respondents drawn from the five states that constitute the Southeast region. The regression
analyses show that beta (standardized coefficients) is 0.959, r = .959, while r2 = 0.929, which is
about 92.9% contribution. This implies that cattle rearing business will contribute significantly to
economic recovery and sustainable development of the southeast region in the post covid-19-
lockdown era & beyond. In order to achieve this, the study recommended ranching of cattle;
reintroduction of local breed (known as Efi-Igbo) where they have gone into extinction in the
region; and involvement of the youths of the region in the cattle business as a veritable means of
employment creation; post-covid-19-lockdown economic recovery; and sustainable development
of the region.
Keywords: Cattle Business, Post-Covid-19-lockdown Recovery, Sustainable Development.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 16
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201020- Determinants of Commercial Banks’ Credit to the Private Sector in
Nigeria: A Supply Side Approach
Obiamaka Egbo1, Godwin Imo Ibe2, Jude Chidi Anago3 and David Chidi Ozor4 1,2,3 Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Business Administration, University of
Nigeria, Enugu Campus 4 Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu
Campus
Abstract
Our study examined the determinants of deposit money banks credit to the private sector in
Nigeria from 1986 to 2017. This study was based on the loan pricing theory detailed in the work
of Stiglitz & Weiss (1981) and the hold up and soft-budget constraint theory. Based on the
theory we thus investigated the relationship that exists between loan and advances of commercial
banks and each of the explanatory variables i.e. volume of deposits, investment portfolio, interest
rate, cash reserve requirement and liquidity ratio using the ARDL test statistic. The results
emanating from this study are quite revealing for Nigerian banking sector and the economy. The
result of our analysis reveals that monetary policies and channels have serious impact on the
credit granted by the commercial banks. One of the major objectives of Nigeria’s monetary
policy is the maintenance of price stability and volatile price stability has serious impact on the
volume of credit to the private sector. Using this yardstick, the outcome of monetary policy in
Nigeria has been generally mixed. The wide volatility in inflation rate in Nigeria is quite
worrisome. The real economic growth spurs more credit to the private sector in Nigeria. This
study therefore amongst others recommends that the various determinants i.e liquidity ratio,
lending rate, broad money, loan to deposit ratio, real GDP and inflation rate co-integrating with
deposit money banks credit to the private sector may have implications for policy analysis,
although often in conjunction with each other rather than separately. So, policy makers should
consider these factors together, properly and timely than selectively to achieve optimal credit
allocation to the private sector.
Keywords: Loan and advances, Volume of deposits, Investment portfolio, Interest rate, Cash
Reserve requirement and Liquidity ratio
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 17
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201021- Blockchain Technology on Audit Practice: The Professional Accountants’
Fate (A Literature Review)
Ngozi N. Ugwu1 and Stella E. Okeke2 1,2, Department of Banking and Finance
Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu
Email: ngozi.ugwu@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
The recent debate on the unmanageable impact of blockchain, focused mostly on some of the
interesting features which includes transparency, immutability, traceability and incorporation of
procedures and rules against the traditional audit and assurance profession. Blockchain polished
with current technical developments, processes and service innovation which include smart
contracts and widely held registers, have the potential to significantly change audit and control
activities. In this study, we reviewed several literatures by some scholars to ascertain what
potential impact the blockchain technology will have on audit practice and what will likely be
the fate of accountants and auditors in the face of this new technological development.
Keywords: Blockchain Technology; audit practice; audit and assurance profession;
accountants and auditors’ fate
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 18
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201022 -Empirical Investigation of Oil Price Volatility-Macroeconomy Nexus in Oil-
Exporting Sub-Saharan Africa
David-Wayas, Onyinye Maria
Department of Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka
Abstract
This paper examines the oil price–macroeconomy nexus of 14 oil exporting countries in Sub-
Saharan Africa (SSA) for the period 1981q1–2015q4 using panel ARDL methodology. The
paper further investigated the effects of oil price volatility on the agricultural, manufacturing and
services sectors; and the channels through which oil price volatility transmits to these economies.
Our overall results show that oil price volatility has negative insignificant impact on
macroeconomic activities both in the short run and long run. In addition, oil price volatility has
negative and insignificant impact on agricultural and services sectors but a positive and
insignificant effect on manufacturing sector. Finally, in term of channels of transmission,
exchange rate, interest rate and inflation exhibit positive response to oil price volatility on
macroeconomic activities. These findings confirm the famous “Dutch Disease” being preached
by several scholars. Therefore, it is recommended that these economies diversify and boost non-
oil sectors in order to mitigate the effects of oil price volatility. The main contribution of this
study is that it provides the robust estimates of the heterogeneous effects of oil price fluctuations
on macroeconomic activities, primary, secondary and tertiary sectors across countries in SSA in
both the short-run and long-run.
Keywords: Macroeconomic Performance, Sectors, Oil Price Volatility, Transmission
Channels, Oil-exporting Economies, SSA.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 19
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201025- The Effectiveness of the Igbo Apprenticeship System in Achieving
Sustainable Business Education
Eneh, N. C. J.1, Chris-Nnamchi, J. N.2, Ifediora, C. U.3, and Otiji, Chineme4 1Department of Business Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus.
2,3Department of Marketing, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus. 4Faculty of Education, Enugu State College of Education Technical.
Email: nnajiofor.eneh@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
Business education for the Igbo man means serving an existing and successful trader and
learning all he has to offer over the years.He also created a sustainable and durable system of
apprenticeship and training that has produced billionaire businessmen and multi-billion
companies in Nigeria and the world over. This research is for the study of the effectiveness of the
Igbo apprenticeship system with the aim of; determining the relationship between the system and
successful business start-ups.Also, establishing the extent to which the system ensures business
networking among the traders in the markets in Enugu State Nigeria and establish the extent to
which the system assures the raising of initial capital for business start-ups and sustainability of
businesses.This study is based on descriptive survey design method, which used structured
questionnaires to gather the primary data needed from the respondents. It was carried out on 17
major markets in the Southern Nigeria, 220 questionnaires were shared across these markets in
the course of the study. Finally, the study confirmed that there is a significant relationship
between the Igbo apprenticeship system and; successful business start-ups, business networking
amongst traders, raising of initial capital for business and business sustainability.
Keywords: Business, Apprentice, System, Igbo, Market
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 20
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201026 - Cashless Policy and Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria:
Evidence from Lagos and Abuja Nigeria
Iyke-Ofoedu Maureen Ifeoma1, Eze Kingsley2, Okechi Obiora3 and Agbaeze Emmanuel4
1,2,3,4 Department of Management,
Faculty of Business Administration,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu Nigeria.
Email: iphyie_mau@yahoo.com
Abstract
The emergence of new generation banks changed the banking landscape in Nigeria with the
introduction of state-of-the-art technology-induced operations, which exposed the weaknesses of
the so-called old generation banks which include mainly the three Giants: First Bank, United
Bank for Africa and Union Bank. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) was at the
centre of this change curve. Correspondingly, banks all over the world are expected to imbibe
with best-practice corporate governance, improve on self-regulation, enhance the capital base,
institute IT-driven culture, be customer-oriented and seek to be competitive in today’s
globalising world. Cashless policy is the method of banking through which customers can carry
out their banking transaction electronically without cash, without visiting a bank branch. Among
other benefits, cashless banking saves time, customers need not visit the bank branch, and banks
have the opportunity to enhance their customer base thereby experience improved profits but
there is still low implementations of cashless policy in Nigeria. This paper investigated the effect
of the cashless policy on performance of deposit money banks in Lagos State and Abuja,
Nigeria. However the specific objectives are to ascertain the effect of POS transactions on the
efficiency of deposit money banks; Identify the extent to which human capital development
affects the innovation of deposit money banks, and to establish the effect of automated payments
on reduced cash management costs in Lagos State and Abuja, Nigeria. The paper adopted survey
research method, making use of structured questionnaire and interview schedule as instruments
for data collection. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. The population of
the paper was 143 that comprised the management staff of the First Bank Plc and United Bank
Plc in Lagos State and Abuja, Nigeria. Due to manageability of the population, holistic sampling
was employed by the paper. It was found that Point of sale transactions had a positive effect on
the efficiency of deposit money banks (r = 1.000, p<0.05)
Keywords: Cashless policy, Automated payment, POS Transactions and Transactional
Efficiency
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 21
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201035 - Entrepreneurship and Small Business - The Bedrock to a Global Economy
in Recession
Okoro Blessing Chineme1 and Madueke Daniel2 1Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, Godfrey Okoye
University, Ugwuomu-Nike, Enugu State | Email:
chinemeokoro2007@gmail.com 2Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria Enugu
Campus
Email: dandilas@yahoo.com
Abstract
Entrepreneurship, with its focus on opportunities, is often seen as one of the foundations of
poverty alleviation. This paper, therefore, seeks to discuss entrepreneurship and small business
as the bedrock in the global economy in recession. One of the factors that influence the economy
of a nation, either directly or indirectly. It is a fact that entrepreneurship plays a significant part
in shaping the landscape of a country’s economy. Economists and policy makers recognize this
fact. Entrepreneurship is the engine of economic growth and it has come to be perceived as a
catalytic agent for expansion and promotion of productive activities in every sphere of economic
life all over the world. This research focus on finding out how entrepreneurship influences the
global economy in recession. The main objective of this paper is to show the significant of small
business impact on the global economy in recession. It is, thus, reasonable to contend that
entrepreneurship is instrumental to unlocking economic growth, create employment and reduce
poverty. The paper further examines some of the challenges faced by entrepreneurs and small
business to global economy in recession. Secondary source of information was adopted and a
qualitative technique that focused on conceptual exploration, theory and critical analysis of
empirical studies. The literature review was comprehensive and aligned to the research
questions. Qualitative method that provides relevant information were used. Data were collected
through books, journal and internet. The paper concluded that SMEs are the largest employers
of labor and wealth creation. SMEs provide employment, eradicate poverty and help in
developing entrepreneurial activities. Lastly, recommendation has been offered to boost SMEs
developments in economic recession.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Small Business, Bedrock. Global Economy, Recession
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 22
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201059 - Leadership Succession Planning and Sustainability of Small and Medium
Enterprises in Enugu State, Nigeria
Ben Etim Udoh1, Ogbonna Kenneth Egwuatu2, and Okereke Lawrence Okoronkwo3 1,2,3Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Corresponding author’s email: etim.ben@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
Leadership succession planning in SMEs is the process whereby management and ownership
rights of production activities and assets of an enterprise accumulated by one generation of a
nuclear or extended family are transferred to the next generation to ensure the growth and
continuity of a business. Business sustainability is the ability of a business to meet and sustain
their present needs without jeopardizing its chances of meeting its future needs. Most of the
SMEs in Nigeria are run by their proprietors or a small management team and very little is
observed in relation to proper leadership succession planning as a strategy for sustainability.
Consequently, not many of them survive the litmus test of a generational transfer of leadership.
This study investigated leadership succession planning and sustainability of SMEs in Enugu
State, Nigeria. The study specifically sought to: assess the nature of relationship between
mentoring and management competence and evaluate the extent to which training and
development affect adaptability of employees. The study adopted a survey design. The
population of the study was 267 owners/managers of registered SMES in Enugu State. Census
technique was adopted. Data were collected using the questionnaire and oral interview guide.
The questionnaire was structured on 5-point Likert Scale and was manually administered to the
respondents. A pilot study was conducted using test – retest method and tested with Spearman
Ranking Order Correlation Coefficient. The result gave a reliability coefficient of 0.93,
indicating a high degree of items consistency. Face and content validation of the instrument was
done by five research experts from both the industry and academia. Data collected were analyzed
using Simple Linear Regression and Pearson Product Moment Correlation, at 5% probability
level of significance. The findings indicated a significant positive relationship between
mentoring and management competence (r = .86, p = 0.000 < 0.05) and that training and
development, to a great extent, affected adaptability of employees (r = 0.984; t = 11.06; F =
948.67; p = 0.000 < 0.05).The study concludes that successful succession in SMEs is an
indispensable organizational and managerial renewal as well as the key to not only sustainability
of the individual firms but also national economies. The study therefore recommends that owners
of SMEs should introduce successors for their businesses early enough then design and promote
robust policies and long-term strategies of developing and empowering them to improve their
competence and commitment that will enhance sustainability of the firms.
Keywords: Leadership Succession Planning, Sustainability, Small and Medium Enterprises
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 23
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201062 - Effects of Social Media on Consumer Brand Awareness and Patronage of
Nike Lake Resort Services in Enugu: An Innovation Adoption Theory & Hierarchy of
Effects Model Exposition
Okolo Victor O.1, Obikeze Chinedum O.2, Oranusi Ifeanyichukwu N.3, Wali Kemkamma4,
Nnadi Nmere O.5 and Okoro Deborah P.6 1, 5,6Department of Marketing, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu Campus, Email:
victor.okolo@unn.edu.ng 2Department of Marketing, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli.
3Department of Marketing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria. 4Department of Marketing, Ken SaroWiwa Polytechnic, Bori.
Abstract
Communication has initiated a paradigm shift from the traditional to the new social media. This
study investigated the effects of Twitter messages and Facebook messages on consumer brand
awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services in Enugu: an innovation adoption theory
& hierarchy of effects model exposition. The specific objectives of the study were to ascertain
the extent of the relationship between Twitter messages and consumer brand awareness and
patronage of Nike Lake Resort services. Also, to determine the extent of the relationship between
Facebook messages and consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services.
This study contributed to the extant gap in marketing literature from the perspective of deploying
Twitter messages and Facebook messages to promote Nike Lake Resort services in Enugu. The
population of the study includes consumers of services of Nike Lake Resort selected through
convenient sampling technique. A pilot study was conducted and a sample size of 230 was
determined using Freund and William's method. The Pearson product moment correlation
coefficient was used to analyse of data. Findings revealed a significant relationship between
Twitter messages and consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services (r
= 0.954, p < 0.05). Also, it was revealed that there is a significant relationship between Facebook
messages and consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services (r = 0.942,
p < 0.05). Twitter messages and Facebook messages are effective marketing tools for
communicating Nike Lake Resort services to consumers. There is a need for Nike Lake Resort to
improve on the use of Twitter messages and Facebook messages channels to help boost
consumer awareness and patronage in future.
Keywords: Twitter messages, Facebook messages, Consumer brand awareness, Consumer
patronage, Innovation adoption theory, Hierarchy of effects model.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 24
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201066 - Community Relations: A Panacea for Effective Basic Education
Development in Nigeria
By
Ngozi Okey-Amalu1 and Joseph Ikechukwu Uduji2 1,2 Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu
Campus, Email: ngoziokey@gmail.com and joseph.uduji@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
The imperativeness of education led to the launch of Universal Basic Education (UBE) in
Nigeria. This covers early childhood education which involves nine years of formal education,
skill acquisition programmes and education to special groups such as nomads and migrants, girl-
child and women as well as “Almajiri street children” and disabled groups. Despite the national
efforts to provide free and compulsory basic education to all children, Nigeria still has one of the
largest out-of-school populations in the world. Community relations is steadily being recognized
as an indispensable factor for growth and development, especially in the present rapidly
changing social, political and economic climate where everyone appears somewhat interested to
grow, succeed, be heard and recognized, involved in daily activities of its locality. However,
little research attention has been devoted to unravel the effects of community relations
approaches on the adoption of UBE among children of school age. Research efforts in this
direction, potentially may enhance understanding among stakeholders in education sectors
regarding the appropriate mechanism geared towards building sustainable children enrolment in
UBE programme. This paper conceptually seeks to position community relations as a way out to
harness the numerous benefits of UBE.
Keywords: Community relations, Basic education, Universal Basic Education (UBE), Nigeria.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 25
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201092 - Measuring Hotel Guests’ Experience: An Emerging Market Perspective
Samuel Ehimen1,
samehimen@gmail.com
Joseph Ikechukwu Uduji2, and
joseph.uduji@unn.edu.ng
Chidera Christian Ugwuanyi3
chidera.ugwuanyi@unn.edu.ng
*1,2,3: Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria,
Enugu Campus
Abstract
Hotels have become a growing business sub-sector increasing in relevance across the globe and
contributing to the economy of most developing nations. However, an understanding of hotel
guests’ experience is still vague leading to poor understanding of the concept. This study seeks to
enhance our knowledge of hotel guest experience to assist managers in making appropriate
policies.The study utilised an intercept approach to collect data from 200 hotel guests in Asaba,
Delta state in south-south Nigeria. The research model and the formulated hypotheses were
tested using partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) with the aid of SmartPLS
software.The study findings reveal that guest experience components (utilitarian and relational)
have a positive and significant influence on guests’ satisfaction. However, the influence of
hedonic experience on satisfaction was not statistically significant. Overall, the proposed model
explained 56.5% of the variance in guest satisfaction. Finally, theoretical and managerial
implications were discussed, and future research avenues suggested.
Keywords: Guest experience, Tourist experience, Satisfaction, Hospitality and Tourism
Industry, Hotels.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 26
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201095 - The Impact of Global Financial Crisis on the Rural Household Poverty in
Enugu State
Cyril O. Ugwuoke1, Chukwudi C. Nwokolo2,
Ngozi Idemili-Aronu3 &Igwe Ijeoma4 1,3, 4Department of Sociology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State
2Centre for Entrepreneurship & Development Research, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu
State
Abstract
Concerns on the negative impact of the global financial crisis on rural household poverty
necessitated this study. Evidence showed that rural households affected depended on
remittances. This led to the choice of Edem in Nsukka of Enugu state as the study area. The
2009/2010 and 2011 Community Based Monitoring System surveys were adopted. Factor
analysis and logit methodologies were used, and the result showed that the negative impact of the
crisis was significant in four of the five dimensions considered. Using the 2011 data we
discovered that the negative impact was still prevalent in Edem since improvement was only
witnessed in employment/labour security asset poverty while the negative impact on the other
three and the physical asset not affected before were significant. The study recommended among
others that the government need create awareness on the importance of savings and adopt
programmes such as conditional cash transfers to tackle such crisis.
Keywords: Multidimensional asset poverty, global financial crisis, remittances.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 27
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201096 - Techno-Advantage: The Implication of Differentiation Strategies on
Corporate growth of Nigerian Telcos
Joy Ifeoma Enemuo1, Chinyere Catherine Onyejiaku2and Ben Etim Udoh3 1,2,3Department of Management
Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu
Email: joy.enemuo@unn.edu.ng, chinyere.onyejiaku@unn.edu.ng and ben.udoh@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
This study examines the advantage of techno differentiation strategies and how it affects the
organizational growth of telecom firms in Nigeria. The study specifically ascertains the effect of
personnel differentiation on the telecommunication firms’ ability to outperform their competing
rivals. It also assesses the effect of service differentiation on the competitive advantage of
telecommunication firms in Nigeria. Survey design was adopted, and Data was collected through
structured self-studied questionnaire designed on Likert scale. The main source of data was
primary, and the target population consisted of staff of four GSM telecomm firms in Southeast,
Nigeria. The hypotheses were tested through, Simple Linear Regression at 0.05 level of
significance. The finding shows that personnel differentiation affected positively on the
telecommunication firms’ ability to outperform their competing rivals. There was a positive
effect of service differentiation on the competitive advantage of telecommunication firms.
Telecommunication firms in Nigeria need to utilize innovative designs strategy. It was also
advised that telecommunication firms’ managers should utilize much of service technological
differentiation strategy as it has been proven to have the highest significant effect on the firm
public’s perception which influences the corporate growth.
Keywords: Technological Advantage; Personnel Differentiation; Competitive Edge; Service-
Channel.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 28
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201097 - Gender and Leadership Differences in Public Sector Organisations in
South-East Nigeria
1,2Ezenwakwelu, Charity A. and Itiowe, Grateful O.
1,2Department of Management
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
charityezenwa80@yahoo.com
Abstract
This study focused on gender and leadership differences in public sector organisations in south-
east, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to examine the leadership issues encountered by
women in public sector organisations; ascertain the leadership issues encountered by men in
public sector organisations, assess the relationship between masculinity and transactional
leadership style; and determine the relationship between femininity and transformational
leadership style. The study adopted the survey design. The population of the study was 1426
junior and senior staff from seven selected public sector organisations in Southeast, Nigeria. The
proposed hypotheses were tested with Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modelling (PLS
–SEM) and Spearman bivariate correlation using Statistical Package for social Sciences (SPSS)
Version 20 and Smart PLS. The findings revealed thatdiscrimination, prejudice and pressure
from home were the leadership issues encountered by women in public sector organisations;
while insecurity, impatience and domination were the leadership issues encountered by men in
public sector organisations. Also, there was a positive relationship between masculinity and
transactional leadership style and there was also a positive relationship between femininity and
transformational leadership style. The study recommended that there should not be any form of
discrimination against women in leadership while women should strive to balance the family
roles with their job roles.
Keywords: Gender, Leadership, Masculinity, Femininity, Transactional leadership and
Transformational leadership
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 29
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201104 - Tailoring Business in Nigeria: Problems and Prospects (A Study of Some
Selected Tailors in Enugu State)
Martha Chinyere Okonkwo
Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria Nsukka
Email: martha.okonwo@unn.edu.ng,
Abstract
This study examined tailoring business in Nigeria: problems and prospects with particular
reference to a study of some selected tailors in Enugu Metropolis and was guided by three
objectives which are consistent with the research questions and hypotheses. The study adopted
descriptive survey in its design and used purposive sampling to select 133 respondents from a
population of 305. Data used was generated with a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and its
reliability yielded an index of .939 or (93%). Ordinary Least Square (regression) was used to test
the hypotheses with the aid of 22.0 versions of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS).
Findings from the study show that lack of adequate Government funding has significant effect on
the growth and development of tailoring business in Nigeria. It was also observed that
difficulties in getting loans adversely affect the growth of tailoring business in Nigeria. The
study equally shows that unstable Nigerian economy and politics hampers the development of
tailoring business in Nigeria. based on the findings, the study recommends among others that
Certain policies and structures aimed towards making loans and financing available to
entrepreneurs are already in place, that is, Commercial Banks are required to set apart 10% of
their profits to serve as capital for entrepreneurs. But most times, it is difficult for entrepreneurs
who do not have personal affiliations within the bodies to access the capital. It is therefore
necessary to set up internal monitoring and control unit to ensure compliance.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 30
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201111 - Effect of Succession Management on Sustainability of Small and Medium
Scale Enterprises (SMES) in South East Nigeria
Ukairo Agwu Kalu1, Igwesi Chika George2 and Ijeh Mathew Chiedu3 1, 2 Department of Management,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria
Emails: agwu.kalu@unn.edu.ng, chikaigwesi253@gmail.com 3 Department of Business Administration and Management,
Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria
Email: ijehmc@gmail.com
Abstract
Many prominent and even internationally acclaimed business organizations have gone into
extinction due to succession management challenges, notwithstanding their richly endowed
financial and material resources. Succession management ensures seamless transition of
managerial decision making of a firm to the next generation when the owner is no longer part of
the business. The study investigated the effect of succession management on sustainability of
Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in South East, Nigeria. However, the specific
objectives were to ascertain the effect of competitive intelligence on the growth of SMEs; and to
determine the effect of technological advancements on competitive advantage of SMEs in South
East Nigeria. The study is anchored on Elgar’s Performance Theory of organization and the
Resource Based Firm theory which emphasizes that the physical, organizational strategies,
financial and human resources have the potential to provide firms with sustainable competitive
advantage. The study adopted the survey research method, making use of structured
questionnaire as instruments for data collection. Data were collected from primary and
secondary sources. Hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation
Coefficient and the simple linear regression. It was found that succession management through
well-conceived competitive intelligence positively affected the growth of SMEs; technological
advancements positively affected competitive advantage of SMEs. It was, therefore, concluded
that succession management through competitive intelligence and technological advancement
positively affected the sustainability of SMEs through firm growth and competitive advantage.
The study recommended that for SMEs to be sustained and enhance its operational life span,
effective succession management should be adopted.
Keywords: Succession Management, Competitive Intelligence, Firm Growth, Technological
Advancement, Competitive Advantage, Sustainability of
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 31
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201113 - Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and Start-ups in a Sub Saharan Africa
Court Timinepere Ogele1 and Arikekpar, Obaima Ateibueri2 1Department of Business Administration,
University of Africa, Toru- Orua, Nigeria
Email: timinepere.court@uat.edu.ng
Phone No: +234(0)8066933764 2Department of Business Education,
Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education, Sabgama, Nigeria
Email: obaimaa@yahoo.com
Abstract
The globe is under an economic bust consequent upon a full-scale lockdown of business sectors
as a measure to contain the contagion of COVID-19 outbreak. To mitigate effects and come out
of economic downturn, building friendly entrepreneurial ecosystem is the panacea to engender
nascent entrepreneurship. Consequently, this study draws on theoretical frameworks of
entrepreneurial ecosystem and early entrepreneurial activities. The variables and data were
drawn from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) survey ranging from 2019-2004. The
sample observations of the study were eight countries across sub Saharan Africa. The country-
level data were analyzed through the application of least square regression to determine the
nexus between the financing environment, government support policy, physical and service
infrastructure and entrepreneurial start-ups. The study findings demonstrate that entrepreneurial
financing had positive effect on nascent entrepreneurship; government support policy had
positive effect on entrepreneurial start-ups; infrastructure had positive effect on early
entrepreneurial activity. In this paper, we also discussed practical and policy implications in the
African context.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial ecosystem, Early entrepreneurial activity, Start-ups, Economic
recession and Africa
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 32
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201114 - Maritime Sector: Key Driver of Economic Growth and Sustainable
Development in Nigeria
Ikenna Amuka1 and Paul C. Ezinna2 1,2Institute of Maritime Studies
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Emails: ikenna.amuka@unn.edu.ng; paul.ezinna@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
Nigeria’s Maritime sector is a neglected gold mine. It is capable of becoming a key engine of
economic growth and sustainable development, if enhancive strategies are implemented for
optimum efficiency. Nigeria’s maritime sector performance for 2019, like the global maritime
business in the evidently points to the negative. However, factors that led the local maritime
downward are different from factors that negatively affected global maritime sector. This paper
will assess the technologies advancement, automation and digitalisation of Nigeria maritime
sector to ensure it attain global best practices recommended by International Maritime
Organisation (IMO) and United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).
Currently, technological advancement is bringing its transformative advantages to the maritime
ports and shipping space. In the industry known for complex issues, large scale, and a need for
firm reliability, digital technologies that create new opportunities for better optimization,
automation, and profitability. The study will also analyse maritime performance indicators which
includes performance measurement, direct shipping connectivity, port improved management
and environmental factor. Performance indicators are systematic tools that determine nature and
critical issues that confront shipping industry and ports, help evaluate the possible impact of
another policy decision. The challenges, prospects and sustainability of maritime sector in
Nigeria over the years will be properly reviewed. The maritime future poses numerous
challenges, but also erupt numerous opportunities. Global trade is expanding, Ports and shipping
as its workhorse are undergoing transformation and facing massive challenges in maintaining
competitiveness. Theories, analyses supporting statistical data, and related information from
other relevant institutions and agencies, served as the framework of the study. The result of the
study is expected to contribute in economic growth and sustainable development of the maritime
sector.
Keywords: Maritime Sector, Economic Growth, Sustainable Development, Automation and
Digitization, Performance Indicators, Shipping and Ports.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 33
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201115 - Effects of Philanthropy on Corporate Reputation in a Global Pandemic
Court Timinepere Ogele
Department of Business Administration, University of Africa, Toru- Orua, Nigeria
Email: timinepere.court@uat.edu.ng,
Abstract
This paper examines the nexus between corporate philanthropy and reputation from the prisms of
a global pandemic. As a response to stakeholders caught in the web of COVID-19 contagion,
public and private organizations engage in philanthropic activities to mitigate the spread of the
pandemic and spin-off effects arising from enforcement of prescribed preventive protocols by
governments at all levels. The study adopted a cross sectional survey design and a sample of 20
public and private organizations were selected through purposive sampling procedure in Bayelsa
State, Nigeria. Data were collected from respondents (Recipients of palliatives) through a
structured questionnaire. Considering organizations as the unit of analysis, the data were
aggregated, averaged and analyzed through descriptive statistics, pair t-test and multivariate
regression analysis. The results demonstrated that corporate philanthropy to employees had
positive effect on internal corporate reputation; corporate philanthropy to publics had positive
effect on external corporate (social) reputation. The study concluded that entities which engaged
in philanthropic activities in the COVID-19 global pandemic enhanced their corporate
reputation. The study contributed to management theory and practice through critical findings
from the dimension of a global health crisis.
Keywords: Corporate philanthropy, Corporate Reputation, Global pandemic, public and
Private
organizations, Nigeria.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 34
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201116 - Pandemic-Proof Globalisation: A Response to a Global Economy in
Recession
Chinwe Regina Okoyeuzu1 and Angela Ifeanyi Ujunwa2 1, 2Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria
Emails: chinwe.okoyeuzu@unn.edu.ng; angela.ukemenam@unn.edu.ng.
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the restriction of movement of people, shutdown of
international borders, and created enormous shocks to supply, demand and slowdown in
merchandise trade across all sectors of the economy and regions of the world. The episode has
also disrupted globalization but promoted protectionism. Abandoning globalization may be
costly and fatal because no country is self-sufficient. This study, therefore, looked at redesigning
a globalization agenda that is not susceptible to the spread of epidemics. Given the reality or
lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic, we adopted a model that designed a globalization
strategy that is not vulnerable to the unpredictable nature of epidemic outbreak and promotes
inclusiveness. We first designed a global governance framework that works towards preventing
the spread of epidemics. This framework looked at urban settings preparedness to epidemic
outbreak. The governance framework used addressed some of the disruptive characteristics of
urbanization to globalization during any pandemic outbreak such as the density of people (in
public transport, housing, and work environment), ventilation systems, and rapid influx of people
from rural areas, water supply, sanitation facilities, and encroachment into natural habitats. The
efforts in addressing the urban characteristics such as sanitation, water supply and density of
people will reduce the spread of these diseases which is still ongoing in our present world. We
advocate for a global solidarity of massive investment in virtual economic activities, redesign
urban settlement to reduce spread, responsible global ecologically public policies and more
inclusive policies that promotes access to education, healthcare, resources and vital information
for people in poor countries and rural areas.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 35
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201119 - Repositioning Technology Education in Nigeria through Entrepreneurial
Skill Acquisition (A Study of Selected Tertiary Institutions in South-East Nigeria)
Obialor, Donatus Chukwuemeka
Department of Business Management, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Uyo,
Uyo Nigeria. Email: obialordonatus1@gmail.com
Abstract
Technology education in Nigeria through entrepreneurial skill acquisition seeks to enhance
entrepreneurial education and prepare young people to deal with the changing world and to
empower them to cope with the different aspects of globalization. Technology education through
entrepreneurial skill acquisition has the mandate to equip the youth with functional knowledge
and skill to build up their character, attitude and vision. The study was conducted to examine
how technology education can be enhanced through entrepreneurial skill acquisition in tertiary
institutions in South-East, Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design and the
convenience sampling method. The study employed the descriptive statistics of mean and
standard deviation; spearman co-relational study and simple linear regression analysis to
establish the extent of relationships between variables. Results reveals that there is positive
relationship between technology education and entrepreneurial skill acquisition and hence,
recommend that technology education curriculum should be designed to be 70% manual practice
and 30% theory and should be taught by competent-skilled teachers and instructors.
Keywords: Technology Education, Entrepreneurial, Skill Acquisition, Functional Knowledge,
Tertiary Institution.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 36
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201120- Developing Entrepreneurial Behaviour: The Individual and Its
Environment
Obialor, Donatus Chukwuemeka
Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration,
University of Uyo, Uyo Nigeria. Obialordonatus1@gmail.com
Abstract
Individuals embarking on an entrepreneurial journey for the first time are faced with lack
awareness of the ripple effects that policies, norms, markets and numerous other factors can have
on their intended actions. The study was conducted to examine the relationship between
entrepreneurial behaviour development of an intending entrepreneur and her environment. The
study adopted the survey research design. A sample size of 174 was determined from a
population of 310 using Taro Yamame formula. The descriptive statistics of mean, standard
deviation and correlation analysis were adopted at 95% confidence level. The study concludes
that a significant relationship exist between entrepreneurial behaviour development of an
intending entrepreneur and her environment The study recommend that social networks that
helps in shaping entrepreneurial behaviour should be provided in order to equip the individuals
with the relevant knowledge, skill and attitude required to be entrepreneurial.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial Behaviour, Intending Entrepreneur, Environment. Individual,
Role-set.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 37
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201124 - Enhancing Long-term Customer Value in a Recessed Economy through
Sustainability Marketing Strategies
Dr. Ewuzie, C. O.1 and Dr. Ifediora, C. U.2 1,2Department of Marketing, University of Nigeria, Enugu campus
Email: cajetan.ewuzie@unn.edu.ng and chukka.ifediora@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
Sustainability marketing strategies have become indispensable for 21st century companies as
customers and other stakeholders show concern about economic, social and environmental
sustainability. The main objective of this research paper was to ascertain how manufacturing
companies in Nigeria embed sustainability marketing strategies in their operations to enhance
long-term customer value in this present economic recession. The specific objectives were to: (i)
ascertain whether the manufacturing companies integrate sustainability marketing in their
operations (ii) ascertain the sustainability strategies adopted and their reasons for the adoption;
(iii) ascertain how the strategies enhance sustainability marketing mix-customer solution,
customer cost, convenience and communication. The study adopted the multiple-case study
research design and a qualitative research method. The population of the study was 2194
manufacturing companies registered with Manufacturers Association of Nigeria. Three
companies were purposively selected: Nigerian Breweries Plc, Dangote Cement Plc and Innoson
Vehicle Manufacturing. Primary data were collected from the staff of the three companies using
semi-structured telephone interview. The qualitative data collected were analysed using thematic
analysis. Results obtained showed that the three companies have well integrated sustainability in
their core businesses and sustainability has become their critical success factor. The study
further found that key factors in their long-term sustainability strategies were sustainable
innovation, sustainable creativity, sustainable collaboration and sustainable communication, and
these have helped them enhance customer solution, customer cost savings, convenience and
communication. The study concludes that the three companies use sustainability marketing
strategies to enhance long term customer value in Nigeria, and therefore recommends their
adoption by other companies.
Keywords: Sustainability, sustainability marketing, sustainability marketing strategy,
sustainability marketing mix, customer value.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 38
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201126 - Influence of E-Learning Policy Pedagogy on Student-Centred
Collaborative Learning and Development in Higher Institutions in Enugu State, Nigeria
Dr. Arukwe Maureen Chiegeonu1 and Dr. Kelvin-Iloafu Lovlyn Ekeowa2
1, 2Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus,
Enugu State, Nigeria
Email: maureen.ngwu@unn.edu.ng; lovlyn.kelvin-iloafu@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
E-learning is seen as supporting and enhancing the traditional teaching methods as well as
creating learning opportunities for students on and off the campus. Student-centred learning
(SCL) offers an umbrella term to describe efforts for students to become actively engaged in their
learning and for teachers to design and facilitate the learning process. The aim of this work is to
determine the influence of E-learning policy pedagogy on student-centered collaborative learning
and development among higher institution students. Specifically, the study aimed to achieve the
following objectives: to determine the effect of E-learning on students’ achievement; the extent
of the relationship between learner-centered pedagogy and students’ performance; the extent to
which students-centered collaborative learning affect development. Sample size of 246 was
realized using Topmans formula at 5% level of tolerance and 95% level of confidence from
infinite population. Instruments used for data collection were questionnaire. The total numbers of
246 copies of the questionnaire were distributed while 230 copies were returned. Descriptive
research design was adopted for the study. Three hypotheses were tested; one and three were
tested using linear regression while two was tested using Pearson product moment correlation
coefficient statistics. The findings indicated that E-learning had a significant positive effect on
students’ achievement; there is a positive relationship between learner-centered pedagogy and
students’ performance; Student-centered collaborative learning had a significant positive effect
on development. The study concluded that full utilization of educational system of teaching and
learning and the use of modern information communication technologies (ICT) needs the
involvement of teachers, students and other educational staff. The study recommends that for e-
learning to be effective, appropriate measure should be given to maintenances, provision of
stable internet provider to support easy and fast learning and teaching; basic knowledge on how
to operate computer and computer related tools should be given to both the students and staff of
the institutions; Electricity is one of the driven force and backbone of computer and computer
tools, so government should finance and connect the institutions to a stable electric grid.
Keywords: Collaborative learning, Development, E-learning, Pedagogy, Students-centered.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 39
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201129 - Women in Accounting Profession and their Place in a Developing
Economy: Problems and Prospects
Dr. Ezuwore-Obodoekwe Charity N.1, Dr. Okeke-Muogbo Gloria N.2 and Dr. Oparah
Promise Chika3 1Department of Accountancy, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State
2Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic Oko, Anambra State. 3Department of Marking, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State.
Abstract
This study examined women in accounting profession and their place in a developing economy:
problems and prospects with particular references to Enugu metropolis. The study specifically
examined; The effect of women in accounting profession on the development of Enugu state.
The effect of personality traits on women in accounting profession in Enugu metropolis. Data
for the study was sourced from two main sources which include Primary and Secondary sources
of data Collection. Primary data: questionnaires and oral interviews were used to collect
information from the respondents. Secondary data: journals, and other relevant materials relating
to the area of my investigation were reviewed. The research instrument used in this study
includes oral interview and questionnaire. Simple tables and Graphs were used in treatment of
data. At the end of the study the researcher found out that women in accounting profession has
significant effect on the development of Enugu state. It was also observed that personality traits
have significant effect on women in accounting profession in Enugu metropolis. Based on the
findings, the study recommends among others that there is need for Government and NGOs to
promulgate laws that will reduce personality traits of women in Nigeria.
Keywords: Women Accountants, Personality Traits, Accounts
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 40
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201131 - New Product Marketing Challenges: Entrepreneurial Perspective and
Empirical Evidence from the Retail Outlets in Enugu Metropolis
Dr. Ude Anthony Obiora1, Dr. Ndu Vitalis Chinedu2 and Ude Love Ogochukwu3 1,2 Department of Management, University of Nigeria 3 Department of Accountancy, University of Nigeria
Email: obiora.ude@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
The study examined the challenges of new product marketing from an entrepreneurial
perspective and empirical evidence from the retail outlets in Enugu metropolis. Commercialized
innovation which is the new normal in entrepreneurship and small business management in
turbulent times are confronted with contending issues that are adversely affecting the progress
and prosperity of new products in a competitive and challenging business environment. The
study adopted the descriptive survey design method using randomly sampled data of 254 retail
outlets in Enugu metropolis. The study concludes that attitude towards new products is a major
challenge that could derail the value of entrepreneurship and small business management in a
turbulent time. Findings from the research uncovered that attitude significantly to a large extent
contributes to the poor performance of new product introduction and acceptance in Enugu
metropolis. The study recommends the engagement of core professionals with emotional
management expertise and experience to drive new products towards success and progress as we
look forward to adopting entrepreneurship as a sustainable source of economic recovery in post
Covid-19 economic recovery plan in Nigeria.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Attitude, New Product, Marketing Challenges.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 41
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201140 - Public Relations and Small Business Management: a Study of Government
Relations in Some Selected Markets in Kano State
Yakubu Mahmoud Musa1 and Dr. Uduji Joseph I.2 1Federal University Dutse, Jigawa State
mahmoudmusayakubu@gmail.com 2 Department of Marketing
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
joseph.uduji@unn.ed.ng
Abstract
Despite their enormous contributions to the government’s effort of job creation, revenue
generation, poverty reduction and wealth creation, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)
continue to face more challenges in Kano State-a famous center of commerce and most populous
state in Nigeria. The construction of ‘Yan-Tebura Mall in famous Kwari textile market and the
recent demolition of temporary tents at Sabon-gari market, few weeks after resumption from
COVID-19 lockdown, were believed to have jeopardized thousands of small businesses in the
state. This study sought to examine the SMEs unions’ use of public relations in their dealing with
government by addressing some basic questions: What media relations strategies do SMEs
unions use to enhance cordial relationship with government?; What communication strategies do
SMEs unions use in lobbying to get favourable policies?; What crisis communications strategies
do SMEs unions use to influence negative government decisions? The study used Corporate
Communication Theory as theoretical framework. Mixed research method was adopted where 5-
scale Likert questionnaires were used to collect data from 200 members of SMEs unions in the
four markets (KantinKwari, Wambai, BakinAsibiti, and Sabon Gari markets) purposively
selected whereas a focus group discussion was conducted with three top executive
representatives of the SMEs unions from each of the four markets. Analysis shows that: the
unions do not strategically use any media relations strategy to improve relations with the state
government; that they informally use leaders and businessmen to lobby government; and that
they reactively use mass media, face-to-face contacts and the internet as crisis communication
strategies. Based on these findings, it is recommended that: the public relations activities of the
small business unions should establish relations with pro-government media stations; they should
complement their lobbying with the expertise of professional lobbyists; and that they should
proactive and, with the professional help of PR consultants, develop a workable crisis
communication plan
Keywords: Public Relations; Government Relations; Media Relations; Lobbying; Crisis
Communications
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 42
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201143 - Entrepreneurship Skills as a Panacea for the Growth of Small and
Medium Scale Enterprises in Enugu State
Emezue Leonard Nnabugwu1, Okobo Marian Mukosolu2 and Chikwendu Nneka Francisca3
1, 2, 3Centre of Entrepreneurship and Development Research
University of Nigeria Enugu Campus
Abstract
The study focuses on Entrepreneurship Skills as a panacea for the growth of small and medium
scale enterprises in Enugu State. The specific objectives were to determine the effect of technical
skills on growth of small and medium scale enterprises, to ascertain the nature of the relationship
between human resources management skills and growth of small and medium scale enterprises,
to determine the effect of creativity skills on growth small and medium scale enterprise. The
population of the study was unknown, so the study adopted convenience sampling method, at
which the sample for the study mounted to 88. Instrument used for data collection was primarily
questionnaire and interview. Out of 88 copies of the questionnaire that were distributed, 80
copies were returned while 8 were not returned. The survey research design was adopted for the
study. The hypotheses were tested using Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, and
simple linear regression statistical tools. The findings indicate that technical skills had significant
effect on growth of small and medium scale enterprises (r = 0.801; F= 33. 4263; t =14.7825; p <
0.05). There was positive relationship between human resources management skills and growth
of small and medium scale enterprises (r =0 .824; p<0.05). Creativity skills has a significant on
small and medium scale enterprises (r = 0.770; F= 19.4986; t = 12.082; p < 0.05). The study
concluded that entrepreneurship skills are the blood life for small and medium scale in the
Nation. The study recommended that all small and medium scale enterprises should embrace
creativity and innovation that will place them among the leaders in the market.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship Skills: Small and Medium Scale Enterprises: Technical Skills and
Creativity Skills
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 43
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201149 - Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Manufacturing Company: A Focus
on the Effect of Business Environment
Dr. Nicholas I. Achilike1, Ven. Bethel Oganezi2 and Dr. Linus Adama3 1,2,3Department of Business Administration, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike
Ikwo, Ebonyi State.
Abstract
The environment in which the business organization operates is a complex, multi-focus dynamic
and has far reaching effect on such organization. The environment tends, shape the outlook and
goal of the organization by placing constraints on them. Organizational survival and success
depend on the appropriate adoption of a good strategy on the complex changing environment that
will enable the organization to have competitive edge that will sustain her in the complex
environment. Therefore, the study aims to determine the effect of business environment on
ensuring sustainable competitive advantage in Nigerian breweries plc 9th Mile Enugu. Survey
research approach was adopted, and information was generated from primary sources. 200
employees of Nigerian breweries from supervisory level up were selected randomly for the study
and the descriptive method of data analysis was used. Findings revealed that organizational
involvement in corporate social responsibility is a veritable tool to sustain and improve the
competitive advantage of the organization and as a result has a significant positive impact on its
performance because of the cordial relationship between the company and the host community.
The study reveals that organizational involvement in corporate social responsibility is a good
strategy to sustainable competitive advantage; the organization also should equally apply
knowledge management in his business operation and should adopt the use of modern
technology as strategies in strengthening business which will ultimately guarantee competitive
advantage. Again, sustainability of competitive advantage is dependent on the business capacity
to produce goods and services that will meet and surpass the expectations of customers.
Keywords: Business Environment, Competitive advantage and Nigerian Breweries Plc.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 44
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201153 - The Effects of Gender on Perceptions of Human Resources Productivity
among Health Professionals: Evidence from Public Hospitals in South-East Nigeria
Dr. Ghasi Nwanneka Chidimma1 and Ogbuabor Daniel Chukwuemeka2 1Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration,
University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu,
Enugu State, Nigeria. 2Department of Health Administration and Management,
Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Enugu
Campus, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Despite evidence that gender diversity affects organisational effectiveness, research on the
effects of gender on perceptions of human resources productivity in Nigerian public hospitals is
scarce. This paper investigated the effect of gender on perceptions of human resources
productivity among health professionals in academic hospitals in South-east Nigeria. The study
was conducted in two teaching hospitals in Enugu State, South-east Nigeria using the cross-
sectional research design. Randomly sampled 360 health professionals (doctors = 105, nurses =
200 and allied health professionals, AHPs = 55) completed a survey covering organizational
justice, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, counterproductive work behaviour and task
performance. Univariate and bivariate statistics and multivariable linear regression were used to
analyze the effect of gender on human resources productivity. Statistical significance was set at
alpha 0.05 level. The bivariate analysis revealed that women have significantly lower mean
perception of organisational justice and its dimensions, job satisfaction and counterproductive
work behaviour than men. In contrast, women have higher organisational commitment than men.
There was no significant mean difference in task performance between men and women. The
regression indicates that gender predicted distributive justice (β = -0.34, ρ = 0.000), procedural
justice (β = -0.37, ρ = 0.000), interactional justice (β = -0.38, ρ = 0.000), organisational justice (β
= -0.25, ρ = 0.002), job satisfaction (β = -0.62, ρ = 0.000), organisational commitment (β = 0.44,
ρ = 0.000), and counterproductive work behaviour (β = -0.34, ρ = 0.000). Task performance was
not influenced by gender (β = -0.05, ρ = 0.574). Gender is inversely related to organisational
justice, job satisfaction and counterproductive work behaviour, but positively related to
organisational commitment. Women perform task comparable to men but had lower perception
of organisational justice and job satisfaction, higher organisational commitment, and lower
counterproductive work behaviour than men. There is need for policy makers and health care
system managers to embrace workforce diversity, more women inclusion in health workforce
and employee centered human resources practice to improve the perception of organizational
justice, job satisfaction of female health professionals and productivity.
Keywords: Gender, Organisational Justice; Job Satisfaction; Organisational Commitment;
Counterproductive Work Behaviour; Task Performance
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 45
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201163 - Corporate Social Responsibility and Organisational Performance:
Evidence from Nigeria Breweries Enugu State Nigeria
Dr. Agu OkoroAgu1and Dr. Anichebe Nnaemeka Augustine2 1, 2Department of Business Management, College of Management Sciences,
Evangel University, Akaeze, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Abstract
The study sought to determine the effect of philanthropic disposition on organizational
performance, ascertain the extent to which ethical practice affects organizational performance,
and determine the nature of the relationship between environmental friendliness and
organizational performance. The study had a population size of 1204 which consist of
employees of the organisation, out of which a sample size of 300 was realised using Taro
Yamane’s formula at 5% error tolerance and 95% level of confidence. The instrument used for
data collection was primarily questionnaire. Out of 300 copies of the questionnaire that were
distributed, 264 copies were returned while 36 were not returned. The descriptive survey
research design was adopted for the study. The hypotheses were tested using Pearson product
moment correlation coefficient and simple linear regression statistical tools. The findings
indicated that Philanthropic disposition positively affected organizational performance. Ethical
practice significantly and positively affected organizational performance. There was a positive
relationship between environmental friendliness and organizational performance. The study
concluded that corporate social responsibility is a strategy that creates good image and improves
operational performance of Nigeria breweries. The study recommended that Nigeria Brewery
should continuously embark on activities that will promote environmental friendliness and at the
time same maintain product quality that will stand the test of time
.
Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility; Performance; Nigeria Brewery PLC and Nigeria
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 46
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201170 - The Legal Status and Regulatory Challenges of Cryptocurrencies in
Nigeria
Dr. Festus Okechukwu Ukwueze
Department of Commercial and Corporate Law,
Faculty of Law, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus.
Email: festus.ukwueze@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
Cryptocurrencies have become widespread across the globe, yet their legal status in various
countries has remained ambiguous. Classified variously as currencies, securities, properties,
assets, commodities, tokens, etc., they are generally not regarded as money. The growing
popularity, characteristics, and potentialities of cryptocurrencies have prompted many countries
to grapple with their regulation. This paper seeks to interrogate the legal status as well as the
legality of the use of cryptocurrencies in Nigeria and identify the challenges of regulating virtual
currencies bearing in mind its volatility and diverse uses. The study adopts the doctrinal
(theoretical) legal research methodology using the descriptive, analytical, and comparative
approaches. It follows a structured review and analysis of relevant extant legislation on
currencies and securities in the country to ascertain whether they cover cryptocurrencies. It then
compares the current position of the law on the subject in Nigeria with those of selected
jurisdictions in the European Union, North and South America, Asia, and Africa. The paper
concludes that the regulation of virtual currencies has become imperative and proposes a model
of regulation for the country which draws from the standards of other countries.
Keywords: Cryptocurrencies, Virtual currencies, Digital currencies FinTech, Blockchain,
Regulation
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 47
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201178 - Customer Retention Strategies and Growth of Hospitality Industry in
South East, Nigeria
Dr. Ann Ogbo1 and Asemota Godswill2 1Department of Management,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State
ann.ogbo@unn.edu.ng 2Department of Business Administration and Management,
Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana, Ebonyi State
asegodswil@gmail.com
Abstract
Customer retention strategies are used to attract customers and also help to ensure customer
maintain loyal patronage, thus, leading to growth of the organisations. It is against this
background, this study investigated the relationship between customer retention strategies and
hotel growth in South East, Nigeria. In this study, customer retention strategies as the predictor
variable was operationalized using pricing, and service quality, while hotel growth was
operationalized using branch network and market share. Data adopted for this study was
generated from 74 successfully retrieved copies of the questionnaire from a population of 80
purposively selected management staff of 10 randomly selected hotels South East, Nigeria.The
cross-sectional survey design was used in the study. The alternate hypotheses which are, there is
significant relationship between pricing and branch network, there is significant relationship
between service quality and market share were tested using the Spearman’s rank order
correlation coefficient at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that there was
significant relationship among the tested hypotheses. The study revealed that there was
significant relationship between pricing and the branch network (rho = 0.581; P = 0.000); there
was significant relationship between service quality and market share (rho = 0.707; P = 0.000).
The study concluded that the adoption of customer retention strategies such as pricing, and
service quality, are imperative for the growth of hotels. In filling the gap by taking evidence on
the relationship between customer retention strategise and growth in the hospitality industry in
southeast Nigeria, which has experienced slow growth. It was recommended that hotel
management should adopt pricing policies which are considerate, and which take cognizance of
the competition and expectations of the industry, that service standards and formats should be
emphasized through regulations that streamline workers’ behaviour and actions within the hotels.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 48
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201181 - Effective Public Sector Accounting as a Panacea to Finance Related
Corruption in Nigeria.
Nnamani Chidiebere1, Eke Celestine Chinwe2, Ugwoke Obioma Vivian3, Dr. Ugwoke
Robinson4 and Ozondu Mary Eberechukwu5 1, 2,3,4,5Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Emails: chidiebere.nnamani@unn.edu.ng; celestine.eke@unn.edu.ng; obiomavivianu@gmail.com;
robinson.ugwuoke@unn.edu.ng and marycozondu@yahoo.com
Abstract
This paper focused on the effect of Effective Public Sector Accounting in curbing financial
corruption in the Public Sector in Nigeria. Evidence abound of increasing and monumental fraud
in the Public Sector including those affecting anti-corruption agencies like the EFCC and other
commissions – NDDC, Pension Commission etc., all mind bugling embezzlement sleaze.
Literature reviewed links public sector miss-appropriation, embezzlement, bribery, over-
invoicing, circumvention of due process in procurement and contracting to the high level of
unemployment, poverty and under-development in the country. Effective Public Sector
Accounting connotes effective, efficient and transparent recording, analysis, communication and
interpretation of financial information that result from ethical, transparent and accountable
transactions that involve receipts, disbursement and safe keep of public funds. Despite the
existence of elaborate accounting standard as are contained in the International Public Sector
Accounting Standards (IPSAS) and other relevant laws and financial regulations, the above lofty
obligations of public sector accounting in Nigeria are hardly achieved. The paper used qualitative
research method focused on extensive desk research to analyse the link between effective book-
keeping and accounts in the public sector in Nigeria and financial malfeasance. It found out that
hardly can financial corruption in the public sector be perpetrated without the collaboration,
negligence, ignorance or outright failure of the accounting system (chart of accounts, proper and
accurate recording, preparation of summary documents, timely renditions of reports etc.). It
therefore, recommended inter-alia that; the existing (IPSAS) should be strictly followed in public
sector accounting in Nigeria. Ethical standards, transparency and accountability should be
emphasized in financial management in the public sector. Anti-graft agencies should be
strengthened and empowered to bite and not only bark. Appropriate and commensurate
punishment should be given to offenders.
Keywords: Public Sector Accounting, Corruption, International Public Sector Accounting
Standards, Ethics, Fraud, Transparency, Accountability
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 49
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201182 - Succession Planning and Financial Performance: A Resource-Based View
Analysis
Ohakim Emmanuel Chibueze1, Dr. Agbaeze Emmanuel Kalu2,
Alaefule Fidelis Odinakachukwu3, Iwobi Uche MaryRose4, Ugwuja Gertrude Chinelo5,
Chukwuma Isaac Onyeyirichukwu6 1,2,3,4,5,6Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Corresponding authors’ email: chukwumaisaaco@gmail.com
Abstract
Succession planning connotes the empowerment of employees with valuable, rare, inimitable,
and non-substitutable capabilities that ensure the sustainability and optimisation of organisational
performance. This study expands relevant knowledge on the empirical relationship between
succession planning and financial performance, creating a niche within the context of the
resource-based view theory. This study is qualitative and explores the resource-based view
perspective in understanding the relationship between succession planning and financial
performance. This study, via the reviewed empirical literature, observed a strong positive
relationship between succession planning and financial performance of organisations. The study
concludes by postulating, that the ultimate goals of every organisation are growth, relevance, and
sustainability; succession planning is indispensable to the achievement of these goals as it
influences critical performance factors that facilitate the positive continuity and achievement of
these goals, hence, succession planning is inevitable for any organisation that is interested in a
viable posterity, especially with regards to its financial performance.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 50
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201183 - Humane Entrepreneurship & the Nigerian Youth in the Post-COVID-19
Era
Dr. Madichie O. Nnamdi1 and Dr. Nnonyelu Au Nkemdili2 1,2Unizik Business School
Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to reflect upon the challenges of Youth un(employment) in Africa
with a specific focus on Nigeria and an uncelebrated sector – hairdressing. The conceptual study
focuses on an important theme, “Mitigating economic hardship via apprenticeship and family-
owned businesses.” This is an important topic to explore as apprenticeship schemes, especially in
Eastern Nigeria, have become arguably fragmented and pigeon-holed to spare parts and artisanal
activities for which the Igbos have become renowned. This siloed view needs to be
mainstreamed to capture other areas that the youth can engage with, and benefit from, given the
appropriate skill sets and spaces to enact and develop their passion. Hairdressing and especially
barbershops, is thus proposed as one such avenue for research interrogation. Indeed, hairdressing
goes beyond just grabbing clippers and razors as there are other key elements such as hygiene as
well as health and safety considerations. Besides, COVID-19 has brought out legal requirements
for social distancing, which can be a challenge for such a high-contact services as the
barbershop. In terms of methodology, this study assumes a conceptual and qualitative nature,
drawing upon recent webinars organised by the International Council of Small Business (ICSB)
on the subject of “Humane Entrepreneurship,” organised in the pandemic era. There are the 4Es
(Enablement, Equity, Empathy and Empowerment) upon which the discourse is couched. This
study dwells, in particular on the “Enablement” and “Empowerment” of the Youth in Nigeria
and further afield. It is anticipated that the remaining 2Es (Equity and Empathy) would follow on
the back of these.
Keywords: Barbershops and Hairdressing; COVID-19 and Employment; Enablement and
Empowerment; Humane Entrepreneurship; Nigerian Youth
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 51
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201185 - Investigating the Nexus between Digital Finance, Financial Inclusion and
Economic Growth: Evidence from Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)
Region
Charles O. Manasseh1, Ifeoma C. Nwakoby2, Kenechukwu K. Ede3, Jonathan E.
Ogbuabor4, Felicia C. Abada5, Felix C. Alio6 and Obiamaka P. Egbo7
1,2,6,7 Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Email: charssille@gmail.com; ifeoma.nwakoby@unn.edu.ng, felix.alio@unn.edu.ng; obiamaka.egbo@unn.edu.ng
3,4 Department of Economics, University of Nigeria Nsukka
Email: edekenechukwuk@gmail.com; jonathan.ogbuabor@unn.edu.ng
5Social Science Units, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria Nsukka
Email: felicia.abada@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
This study focused on investigating the nexus between digital finance, financial inclusion and economic
growth in selected COMESA member states. Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (PARDL) was
adopted for the estimation using annual time series data source from 20 selected countries for the period
1997-2018. Economic growth is measured with real gross domestic product (RGDP), while digital
finance is proxied with automated teller machine (ATM) per 1,000 adults, point of sale (POS), mobile
banking (MB), mobile purchase (MP) and mobile money (MM). Financial inclusion is measures with
number of deposit accounts with commercial banks per 1,000 adults (NDA), financial literacy (FIL),
number of registered mobile money accounts per 1,000 adults (NRMA), number of active mobile money
agent outlets (NAMO) and debit card ownership (DCO). We control for the influence of financial system
development and macroeconomic environment by introducing financial deepening (FD) and
macroeconomic volatility (MEV). Financial deepening (FD) is measured by the ratio of money supply
(M2/GDP), while macroeconomic volatility (MEV) is measured with the standard deviation of the GDP
of sampled COMESA member states. Evidence from the Panel ARDL estimated results show a positive
and highly significant long run relationship between digital finance, financial inclusion and economic
growth. These results also supported the evidence from the Pedroni and Kao Cointegration tests, as well
as Wald test which revealed that the series are strong cointegrated. Results from the robustness check
equally show that digital finance, financial inclusion is strong determinants of economic growth of the
sampled countries. In addition, we also observed the error correction term (ECT) to be negative and
significant, suggesting that the measures of digital finance and financial inclusion granger cause economic
growth in the long run. From the empirical evidence, the authorities of COMESA member states should
initiate policies that will promote digital finance and ensure that financial inclusiveness is encouraged.
Keyword: Digital Finance, Financial Inclusion, Panel ARDL, Economic Growth
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 52
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201186 - Integrated Sustainability Reporting and the Moderating Effect of
Corporate Governance Characteristics
Dr. Nnam Imaobong J.1, Dr. Ugwuja Chioma P.2 and Dr. Anisiuba Chika3 1,2,3Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Abstract
There is a colossal consciousness now about sustainability, the impact of human activities on our
planet earth, and the implication of unsustainable behaviour. There are also pressures from
stakeholders for more than just historical financial performance. However, even with the
popularity of sustainability reporting, there is still a lack of standardization of the practice. The
sustainability reporting must reside within the management control system in other to enhance
the quality, usability and comparability of sustainability information. Using the sustainability
accounting standard board (SASB) framework which operationalizes the process of sustainability
reporting as a benchmark, the study compares the sustainability reporting process of Nigerian
companies and analyzes board characteristics which may moderate on SASB compliance. The
researchers used a sample of 114 companies quoted on the Nigerian stock exchange, and the data
from 2018 annual report of these companies. The association of categorical variables were tested
using logistic regression while student’s t test was used to compare means of a continuous
variable. The study documents that only 17% of companies studied comply with SASB
framework. Board duality, informed board, board size and gender diversity were significantly
associated with SASB compliancy, while ownership structure, auditor type and board
independence were not significantly associated with SASB compliancy. This study contributes to
the literature on the governance characteristics which may affect the SASB compliancy in
Nigeria which is the largest economy in Africa.
Keywords: SASB, sustainability reporting, Legitimacy theory, Agency theory, Board
Characteristics, Logistic Regression.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 53
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201187 - Cultural Diversity and Sustainability of Performance of Selected Deposit
Money Banks in Enugu State, Nigeria
Olayeni Akintunde Olumayowa,1 Abua Benedict Okpuku2 and Onuegbulem Ngozi Ihuoma3 1,2, 3Department of Management, University of Nigeria. Enugu campus
akintunde.olayeni@heineken.com, benabua94@gmail.com, lolo.ng@live.com
Abstract
This study examined the impact of cultural diversity on performance of commercial banks in
Enugu state, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: ascertain the effect of age disparity on
employee effectiveness in commercial banks in Enugu state, Nigeria, determine the effect of
religious diversities on organizational efficiency in commercial banks in Enugu state. This study
adopted a survey research design. The population of the study was 977 of the 5 selected in
commercial banks in Enugu state, Nigeria. Simple random sampling was adopted to select the
appropriate number of firms from each stratum. The sample size of 284 was obtained from the
application of Cochran’s formula for finite population while Bowley’s proportional allocation
statistical technique was adopted to determine the allocation of questionnaire to each
organization. Data were collected from primary source through the administration of copies of
questionnaire. The questionnaire was structured in line with Five-Point Likert Scale. Face and
content validity were determined by five experts, three from the Department of Management,
University of Nigeria. Enugu Campus and two from the selected banks: First banks Nigeria Plc
and United bank for Africa Plc, Enugu. A test-retest method was used to determine the reliability
of questionnaire using Cronbach Alpha method. The result gave a reliability coefficient of 0.92.
The two hypotheses were formulated and tested with one sample t-test at 0.05 level of
significance. Age disparity had a significant positive effect on religious diversities on
organizational efficiency in selected commercial banks in Enugu state, Nigeria (t = 1.256;
P<0.05). Religious diversities had positive and significant effect on organizational productivity
in selected commercial banks in Enugu state, Nigeria (t = 0.850; P < 0.05).
Keywords: Culture, Cultural Diversity, Workforce, Performance.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 54
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201188 - Relationship Marketing and Customer Loyalty: A Review of Literature
Joachin Uchechukwu Okolo and Dr Uduji I. Joseph 1Department of Marketing,
Institute of Management and Technology, Enugu,
Enugu State, Nigeria,
Email: joachionokolo@gmail.com 2 Department of Marketing,
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus,
Enugu, Nigeria,
Email: joseph.uduji@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
Services become more efficient when employees learn about what customers expect and how
best to meet the customer’s needs. For long-time profitability, salesmen attempts not only to
offer excellent products but also to retain loyal customers. The strong rivalry characterizing
today’s business environment has resulted to the building of stronger firm-customer
relationships. However, there have been good discussions in literature concerning how modern-
day marketing should be defined. The discussions have led to the conclusion that there is a need
for a new paradigm in marketing, one that centres on enabling and maintaining long term
relationship with customers rather than the mere application of marketing mix to satisfy a
customer. In this concern, there is unquestionably mounting interest in the topic of relationship
marketing. Therefore, this study reviews comprehensively relevant literatures on the relationship
between relationship marketing and customer loyalty. The study found that a number of scholars
studied relationship marketing and customer satisfaction, trust and loyalty; most of them were
carried out in other countries. There is still scarcity of studies exploring these relationships and
particularly the direct relationship between relationship marketing constructs and customer
loyalty. On theory, Morgan and Hunt (1994) identified commitment and trust as playing
mediating role in relationship marketing although other contextual factors exist that influence the
success or failure of relationship marketing therefore opening a gap in theory that needs to be
filled.
Keywords: Relationship Marketing, Customer Loyalty, Literature
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 55
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201189 - Financial Deepening, Innovation as Engine of Economic Development in a
Digitized World
Dr. Obiekwe Chinelo Jenevive1 and Dr. Agu Nkechi Christiana2 1Department of Banking and Finance,
Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State,
Email: c.obiekwe@yahoo.com 2 Accounts Department,
Federal Court of Appeal, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria,
Email: nkechiucheagu@gmail.com
Abstract
This study examined financial deepening and financial innovation as engine of economic
development in Nigeria for the period 2005 to 2018. Broad money supply-to-GDP ratio, credit to
the private sector-to-GDP ratio and Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) reach per 100,000
adults were adopted as proxies for financial deepening and innovation while human development
index was adopted as proxy for economic development. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multiple
regression technique was employed as analytical technique. Findings revealed that broad money
supply-to-GDP ratio had negative and weak significant effect on economic development (p <
0.10 but p > 0.01). On the other hand, the study showed that ATMs reach per 100,000 adults had
positive and significant effect on economic development of Nigeria (p < 0.01). The study further
showed that credit to the private sector-GDP ratio had positive and insignificant effect on
economic development of Nigeria. The study recommended, amongst others, that share of broad
money supply to the GDP should be reduced so as to reduce inflationary pressures and increase
economic development in Nigeria.
Keywords: Financial deepening, financial innovation, economic development, human
development index
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 56
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201190 - Effect of Talent Management on Career Development among Employees of
Manufacturing Firms in Enugu State
Onu Abara1, Okolo Marvis Ndu2, and Siaisia Timipa Siloko3
1, 3 Department of Business Administration and Management, Federal Polytechnic, Ekowe 2 Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Social Sciences, Delta State University,
Abraka,
Email: mnokolo@delsu.edu.ng; abaraonu@gmail.com
Abstract
Companies in this dispensation of harsh economy, recession and competition search for the best
talent and as such enhance career development of employee in order to operate successfully as
market leaders. This study investigates the effect of talent management on career development of
employees of manufacturing firms in Enugu State. A cross-sectional survey was adopted in this
study owing that variables were not within the control of the researcher. A population of 748
employees from 6 manufacturing firms that have existed over a decade was covered. Sample size
of 254 was used following systematic random sampling technique. 254 questionnaires were
personally administered to the respondents. However, only 247 copies representing 97% were
retrieved. The spearman rank order correlation coefficient was used to analyse the stated null
hypothesis with the help of Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) version 22. From the
analysis, the result revealed that talent attraction and talent retention relate significantly with
career development. The study concludes that a conferred concentration on how talent are
attracted and retained has an influence on career development. The study recommends that
management of manufacturing firms should adopt training, motivation, acquiring of skills,
quality of work-life as techniques and methods to certify that right talent which reflects the belief
of that company are selected, and as such, will boost the employees’ willingness to build their
career with the organization and advance.
Keywords: Talent Attraction, Talent Retention, Employees, Training, Career Development.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 57
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201191 - Job Crafting, a Brain Drain Antidote in Public Universities in South-East
Nigeria
Arachie Augustine Ebuka1, Dr. Agaeze Emmanuel Kalu2 and Monyei Francis3 1,2,3Department of Management,
Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria Nsukka
Abstract
Universities in southeast Nigeria suffer from brain drain as many young and aspiring lecturers
leave the system for greener pastures which makes for increased turnover rate in the system and
its concomitant costs. Therefore, it is this issue that necessitated this study to look at Job Crafting
(JC) and the role it could play in reducing brain drain in the universities in southeast Nigeria as
the main objective while it had four specific objectives. The work looked at what could trigger
the attitude of crafting jobs in the form of its motivation. Also, how JC could help in reducing
mobility was also looked at as well as how academics could craft their jobs in line with its
various dimensions. This work is a purely qualitative study as evidence from other similar
studies were looked at, and following the findings of other studies and through personal
observations, the study concluded that JC could be a veritable tool to make academics embedded
to their jobs if only its importance is given a policy backing and made vivid to the lecturers.
Sequel to this, the study recommended among other things that lecturers need to undertake
various forms of crafting activities as it is within their powers as enshrined in their job
characteristics, this will make them have more fulfilling work experience.
Keywords: Job Crafting, Brain Drain, Public Universities and Southeast
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 58
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201192 - Survival Strategies of Small-Scale Business Enterprise in a Depressed
Economy: A Case Study of Some Selected Small-Scale Industries in Enugu Nigeria.
Adaora Uzochukwu1, Kennedy Uzochukwu2, Dr. Emmanuel Agbaeze3 1,3 Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka
2 Department of Management, Murdoch University, Dubai
Email: acuzochukwu@gmail.com
Abstract
Small scale businesses in Nigeria today face a litany of problems occasioned by the global
economic recession. In Nigeria, such situation has been compounded by worsening economic
conditions like galloping inflation, erratic Naira value and high exchange rate and turbulent
political climate with its attendant instability of policies. Most of these industries are making
frantic efforts to survive but the extent of success will depend on the efficiency of the strategies
adopted. Thus, the purpose of the study is to examine the Nigeria situation using small scale
business organizations (bakery, soap and furniture making) in Enugu, Enugu state, as case
studies. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving selected small-scale
industries namely bakery, furniture and soap making industries in Enugu urban, Enugu State. A
total of 170 business units registered with the Ministry of Commerce and Industry were
purposively selected which were made up of 60 bakery industries, 60 furniture industries and 50
soap making industries. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect information
from owners of the small-scale industries. The results showed that there was lack of managerial
experience among the entrepreneurs. The most pressing problems were insufficient capital,
scarce and high cost of materials, turnover problem and poor management. The coping strategies
engaged by the owners included borrowing money from friends and relatives, government and
trade associates. A few did not see borrowing from banks, partnership with other industrialists
and selling on credit as means of improving their business. Majority of the owners made use of
local raw materials, cutting down on production volume and retrenchment of some of workers as
means to reduce cost of production. There was serious lack of managerial experience among the
owner managers which contributed to poor management. Insufficient capital was the most
pressing problem, partly because of no sales. To put the industrialists in competitive advantage
so as to ensure sustainability in operation and long-term survival of their businesses, government
should encourage local sourcing of raw materials as a survival strategy in a depressed economy.
Seminars should be organized by the state government for them on how to manage and equally
insure their businesses with the insurance companies. They should also be advised to engage in
trade associations and cooperatives. Government should give enough support through their
agencies.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 59
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201193 - Exploring Effect of Electronic Media on Health Behaviour in Covid-19
Pandemic Era
Chukwu Amaechi M1 and Dr. Abugu O. James2, 1,2Department of Marketing,
Faculty of Business Administration,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu.
Email: james.abugu@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
The role of the media in our attitude to life as it relates to informing, educating, persuading and
entertaining is yet to be disputed. The media disseminate information on economic, social and
health wellbeing of individuals and the nation. It is mostly through the media (Electronic and
Print) that detailed information on how to manage certain emerging issues, like how to improve
health behaviour in COVID-19 pandemic era was brought to the fore. Yet, there is sparse of
literature to authentic the claim. Establishing the efficacy of the significant and positive effect of
the electronic media on health behaviour attracted this study. This study explores the effect of
Electronic Media on health behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic. Literature search
covering electronic media activities targeted at enhancing health behaviour was used in this
study. Based on the extant literature, it was established that health related Electronic Media
information on the prevention and control of diseases like COVID-19 has significant and
positive effect on human health behaviour. It was concluded that electronic media activities on
health matters as the prevention and control measures of COVID-19 pandemic greatly enhance
human health behaviour. The researchers recommended that a mix or specific electronic media
platform(s) based on demographic or certain peculiarities be made widely available and
affordable. Also, that media etiquette especially the language of communication through
electronic media platform(s) needed to be conventional in order to mitigate lack of or mis-
understanding.
Keywords: Electronic Media, Information, Effect, Preventive, Control Measure, Health
Behaviour, COVID-19 pandemic
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 60
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
,
ICFBA201194 - Examining Financial Innovation Impact on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Ifeoma C. Nwakoby1, Charles O. Manasseh2, Kenechukwu K. Ede3, Felicia C. Abada4 and
Felix C. Alio6 1, 2, 6Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus
3Department of Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 4 Social Science Units, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria Nsukka
Email: charssille@gmail.com
Abstract
The study examined the impact of financial innovation on economic growth in Nigeria. Time
series annual data which cover the period 2012 – 2019 were used, and an OLS estimation
technique was employed for the analysis. From the OLS estimated results, financial innovation
significantly impacted on economic growth, and these results are consistent with the outcome of
the robustness check when RGDP (dependent variable) was replaced with GDPpc, GDPgrt and
CAB. However, the residual cointegration test revealed the existence of long-run relationship
among the variables, while the granger causality estimation indicated a unidirectional causality
running from financial innovation to economic growth. Furthermore, the existing long-run
relationship in the model and that of the robustness check was corrected at 11%, 5.2%, 23.9%
and 35.2% speed of adjustment in the short-run. The coefficient of determination (R2) shows that
the deviation in the dependent variable is explained by the linear model. Given the outcome of
the findings, we therefore infer that financial innovation significantly impacted on economic
growth in Nigeria, which implies that financial innovation is a key determinant of economic
growth in Nigeria, ceteris paribus. Hence, the apex bank (i.e. CBN) should initiate sound
policies that encourage financial literacy by educating people on the relevance of financial
innovation, and emphasize the need to embrace the habits of e-finance by using automated teller
machine (ATM), point of sale (POS), internet banking (INB), mobile purchase (MP), mobile
money (MM) and mobile banking (MB).
Keywords: Financial Innovation, Economic Growth, Nigeria
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 61
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201195 - Recent Developments in Environmental and Social Accounting Research in
Nigeria: A Call for Paradigm Shift in Approaches and Practices
Dr. Onyeanu Edith Ogoegbunam1 and Tijjani Ahmed Ajai2 1,2Department of Accountancy
Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Enugu, Nigeria
Abstract
This paper examines trends in the studies conducted within Environmental and Social
Accounting in the last 10 years with the specific reference to Nigerian scholars and Nigeria
context. Systematic review and meta-analysis were the two research designs. Previous journal
articles and Google Trends were the two sources of data. Analysis revealed that scholars in
Nigeria exclusively studied issues within environmental accounting at the expense of social
accounting. The scholars also succeeded in employing same theories and methods. Analysis also
established that the research methods adopted by the scholars were not sufficient for the proper
investigation of the issues in environmental and social accounting research. For the practices, it
emerged that companies, agencies and ministries studied by the scholars invested in ESA and
disclosed the expenditure. Considering the established facts, scholars and businesses need to shift
from the current methodological, theoretical approaches and practices because of the
contextualization need. Businesses need to shift from the current thinking about ESA practices.
Social accounting needs to be prioritised in addition to environmental accounting researches and
practices across the industries. By appropriating Google Trends data along with article
publications, the current study has provided innovative approach of understanding research
trends within environmental and social accounting from developing country’s perspective.
Keywords: Accounting, Environmental and Social Accounting, Theories, Methods, Nigeria
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 62
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201197 - Organisational Intervention: The Quest in Turbulent Times
*1Monyei Ezieshi Francis, 2Dr. Agbaeze Kalu Emmanuel, 3Nwoke Ngozi Suzan, 4Agaba
Sheneni Friday, 5Okolo Ndu Marvis, 6Afunwa Adachukwu Promise, and 7Chukwu Nnanna
Clinton 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 Dept. of Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka
5 Dept. of Accounting and Finance, Delta State University, Abraka 7 Central Bank of Nigeria, Abuja
*Correspondence: francis.monyei.pg82803@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
Organisations barely operate in a stable environment; as it is characterized by an array of
turbulence, novelty and volatility. To be able to respond appropriately to these uncertainties,
requires top-notch dynamism and flexibility in a bid to remain viable. Thereby adopting certain
measures/strategies that enables the implementation of organisational intervention. Building
from the theoretical underpinnings of the Person-Environment Fit Theory, the study investigates
the contemporary exegeses of the quest for organisational intervention in turbulent times with
regards to the COVID-19; while highlighting its building blocks, triggers, classifications and
adaptability. Adopting a grounded theory and ethnographic research designs, findings revealed
that there is an exponential rise in the quest for organisational intervention as a result of the
COVID-19 pandemic. It thus concludes that a change in the modus operandi is pivotal for
viability in turbulent times; while recommending/proffering that business executives must ensure
that a match or fit between firm activities and intervention strategies to be adopted exist before
its implementation as it leads to resource optimization.
Keywords: Change, COVID-19, Environment, Intervention, and Strategy.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 63
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201198 - Does Social Capital Improve the Role of Financial Behaviour on Financial
Inclusion in Suburban Business Clusters?
Chike Paschal Onodugo1, Ifeoma Joanes Onodugo2 and Dr. Anastasia Ifechukwudebelu
Ogbo
1,2,3 Department of Management,
University of Nigeria,
Enugu Campus, Enugu State.
Emails; nnia.onodugo@yahoo.com; ifeoma.onodugo@unn.edu.ng and ann.ogbo@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to empirically study the moderating influence of collective action,
bonding, trust, and bridging on effect of financial behaviour on financial inclusion for sub-urban
business clusters. Data were obtained from a sample of 311 owner-managers of small and
medium scale businesses in sub-urban clusters in the South-Eastern region of Nigeria.
Hierarchical moderated regression analysis was used to study the effect of financial behaviour on
financial inclusion. The empirical results show a positive main effect between financial
behaviour and financial inclusion. Results also show a statistically significant positive
moderation effect for all the moderators. Difficulty in obtaining sub-urban data on the state of
financial inclusion in order to qualify the findings. For policy implications, social virtues such as
bridging and collective action are more veritable tools for financial inclusion than the personal
virtues of trust and bonding. This study is original. The value lies in exploring the relationship
between financial behaviour and financial inclusion in sub-urban SMEs of an emerging
economy.
Keywords: Financial Behaviour, Financial Inclusion, Nigeria, Sub-urban SMEs.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 64
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201199 - Effect of Data mining on Fraud Detection and Control in Microfinance
Banks in Nigeria
Odoh Longinus Chukwudi1 and Dr. Ofoegbu Grace Nnereugwu2 1Department of Accountancy
Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Email: longinus.odoh@unn.edu.ng
2Department of Accountancy
Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Email: grace.ofoegbu@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
The rapid information and communication technology innovation have improved the workings of
the banking industry and also exposed it to intensive real time collection of quantum datasets.
Exploring the advanced big data analytic tools like Data Mining (DM) techniques is paramount
in revealing valuable information from the overwhelming volume of data for early fraud
detection and control. The focus of this study was to examine the effect of data mining on fraud
detection and control in Nigerian microfinance banks. The objectives were to investigate the
effect of data classification and data clustering on fraud detection and control. The survey design
was employed by the researcher. The population of the study consists of 60 top management
staff of the banks made up of corporate managers, Accountants and internal auditors of
microfinance banks in Enugu state South-East Nigerian. The sampling was done using the
purposive sampling technique. Descriptive analysis and chi square analysis was adopted to
examine the effect of data mining on fraud detection and control. The study found out that data
mining techniques have a significant positive relationship with fraud detection and control in
microfinance banks. The researcher therefore recommends among other that microfinance banks
should adopt the data mining techniques in fraud detection and control considering their
overwhelming transaction dataset. The study concluded that the adoption of data mining
techniques in fraud detection and control is paramount as it will further strengthen the internal
control measures of microfinance banks in Nigeria.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 65
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201200 - Impact of External Debt on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Ajuh, Ali Iteh1 and Onyeanu Edith Ph.D2
Department of Accountancy,
Faculty of Business Administration,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria,
Emails: ajuhali12@gmail.com; edith.onyeanu@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
Although Nigeria has not been alone in experiencing escalating government indebtedness but in
comparison with other Sub-Sahara Africa, Nigerian debt to GDP have been on the high side. An
escalating debt profile may present serious obstacle to a nation's path to economic growth and
development. The cost of servicing the debt may expand beyond the capacity of the economy to
cope thereby impacting negatively on the country’s ability to achieve the desired fiscal and
monetary policy objectives. It is therefore against the foregoing that the paper investigates the
impact of external debt stock on economic growth in Nigeria 1986-2018. Data for this study was
sourced from secondary sources for the period spanning 1986-2018. The period 1986 was
predicated on the implementation of the Structural Adjustment Programme in Nigeria in 1986.
We tested our variables for stationarity using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test.
Based on the outcome, we employed the vector autoregressive (VAR) estimation technique in
analysing our model. We also subjected our data set to descriptive statistics and analysis. The
empirical results reveal that both external debt stock and external debt service exert a negative
and significant impact on economic growth. These outcomes entail that when external debt stock
changed by one-unit, economic growth declined by 0.495 unit. On the other hand, when external
debt services changed by one-unit, economic growth declined by 0.017 unit. We conclude that
external debt stock has been an impediment to economic growth in Nigeria over the period under
study. We therefore recommend that Nigerian policy makers should ensure that external debt
stock remains at a manageable level and avoid excessive debt accumulation.
Keywords: External Debt Stock, Economic Growth, Vector autoregressive (VAR)
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 66
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201201 – Apprenticeship system and the Performance of Family-Owned Businesses
in Anambra State, South-East, Nigeria
Chriscato Ikechukwu Ameke1, Anthony Obiora Ude2 and Ignatius Chukwuemeka
Ekenechukwu3
1 UNN Business School, University of Nigeria
2,3 Department of Management, University of Nigeria
Corresponding Author’s Email: obiora.ude@unn.edu.ng
ABSTRACT
The study investigated the Apprenticeship system and the Performance of Family-Owned
Businesses in Anambra State, South-East, Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive survey
design method and the sample size of the study was determined using Freud and William's
formula of which 233 respondents were selected from a population of 4541 Family-Owned
Businesses. Data were collected through copies of structured questionnaire on a 5-point Likert
Scale format while analyses were presented in tables and percentages. The hypothesis was tested
using simple linear regression statistics with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS, version 20). The finding revealed that there was a significant positive relationship
between Residency Knowledge Transfer Apprenticeship and economic prosperity (r = 0.674; p <
0.05) of the Family-Owned Businesses. The study recommends a sustained and improved
approach on the Residency Knowledge Transfer Apprenticeship programme because of its
positive transformation on the beneficiaries and the overall economic prosperity that it offers to
our business environment. It is also a continuous avenue for the mitigation of economic hardship
for numerous families.
Keywords: Residency Knowledge Transfer Apprenticeship, Economic Prosperity, Family-
Owned Businesses, Economic Hardship.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 67
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201203 – Proliferation of Home-Based Enterprises Amid Economic Recession the
Challenge for Planners
1Nkeiru Hope Ezeadichie and 2Gladys Ogochukwu Chukwurah (Ph.D)
1,2Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Environmental Studies
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Email: nkeiru.ezeadichie@unn.edu.ng and gladys.chukwurah@unn.edu.ng
ABSTRACT
Home-based enterprises (HBEs); the combination of productive and reproductive activities at home; have
become a growing phenomenon from the economic recession of Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP)
period of the 1980s in global South cities. SAP era entailed formal-employee downsizing thereby
boosting the informal economy particularly HBEs. From the 1980s, HBEs became the coping strategy for
none/less educated urbanites with minimal residential-building impacts. However, subsequent economic
recessions compelled educated urbanites to resort to HBEs as succour; posing challenges to urban
planners. The study examines the type of association between the educational level of HBE owners and
motives for HBEs while objectives are to i) identify motives for HBEs, ii) determine the educational level
of HBE owners and iii) ascertain the association between the educational level of HBE owners and
motives for this. Core Area Layout, Asaba, Delta State was the case study, data collection was by
questionnaire administration while analysis was by descriptive statistics. The findings of the study reveal;
i) motives for HBEs as 50% primary income-source, 9.4% employment source and 40.6% supplementary
income-source, ii) educational level of HBE owners are: 8% no formal education, 4% started primary, 8%
completed primary, 31% started secondary, 33% completed secondary and 16% had tertiary
education, iii) significant association was found between the educational level of HBE owners and motive
for HBEs. Maximization of HBE potentials for curbing unemployment due to economic recession and
collaboration rather than confrontation by planners in addressing the negative impacts are recommended.
Key words: Proliferation, Home-Based Enterprises, Economic Recession, Urban Planning, Education
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 68
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201205 - Entrepreneurial Marketing and Social Value Creation by Small and
Medium Scale Enterprises in Nigeria
Dr. Amadi Lawrence1 and IheChimaJames2 1,2Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Studies,
Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Nigeria.
Emails: amalaw2004@yahoo.com, chimaihe@yahoo.com
Abstract
This paper examined the relationship between entrepreneurial marketing and social value
creation by small and medium enterprises in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted a
correlational survey research design. The population of the study comprised 5,000 small and
medium enterprise operators registered with SMEs department of Rivers State Ministry of
Commerce and Industry. From the study population, a sample size of 357 was determined using
Krejice and Morgan sample size determination table. Based on the sample size, 357 copies of
questionnaire were sent to the SME operators. Out of this number, only 347 copies were returned
and used for the analysis. Consequently, data were collected from 347 owners of SMEs in Rivers
State with the aid of a structured questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed through a
combination of descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Precisely, the formulated hypotheses
were tested using Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. The SPSS version 22.0 was
used to aid the correlation analysis. The findings generally showed that all the dimensions of
entrepreneurial marketing adopted in this study had significant relationship with the measures of
social value creation. Specifically, it was revealed that opportunity focus has a significant
relationship with social inclusion. The study also found a significant relationship between
opportunity focus and social well-being in the State. A significant relationship was reported
between innovativeness and social inclusion. The study equally found a significant relationship
between innovativeness and social well-being in the State. A significant relationship was found
between value creation and social inclusion. The study also reported a significant relationship
between value creation and social well-being in the State. Based on the findings, it was
concluded that entrepreneurial marketing significantly enhances social value creation by SMEs
in Nigeria. Based on the findings and conclusion, it was recommended that SMEs in Nigeria
especially those in Rivers State should adopt the practice of entrepreneurial marketing as this
would enhance social value creation in the state and the country at large.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial marketing, opportunity focus, innovativeness, value creation,
social value creation, social inclusion and social well-being.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 69
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201206 - Materials management practices and Financial Performance of
Manufacturing Firms in Rivers State, Nigeria
1Okereke Lawrence Okoronkwo, 2Dr. Ben Etim Udoh &3Kolawole Olasoji Abraham 1,2,3Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration,
University of Nigeria Enugu Campus.
ABSTRACT
The paper examined the association between Materials management practices and financial
performance of Manufacturing Firms in Rivers State, Nigeria in a Cross-sectional survey
research design. A sample of 73 respondents were drawn from a population of 90 managers of
18 selected manufacturing firms in Rivers State using Krejcie & Morgan (1970) table for sample
size determination. The researchers collected data with a five-point Likert Scale structured
questionnaire. The questionnaire was validated via face validity and content validity while
Cronbach alpha value of 0.917 was obtained upon the test for reliability. With the aid of
statistical package for social sciences, version 20.0 the data collected was analyzed using mean
and standard deviations as descriptive statistical tool and Pearson Product Moment Coefficient
of Correlation as inferential statistical tool to test the stated hypotheses. The result of the
findings revealed that Materials management practices had a significant relationship with
Financial Performance. Based on empirical findings, the paper then concluded that Materials
management practices positively related with financial performance of Manufacturing Firms in
Rivers State, Nigeria. The paper there after recommends that management of Manufacturing
Firms in Rivers State should frequently upgrade and implement appropriate Materials
management practices in order to improve their Financial Performances.
Keywords: Materials management practices, financial performance, profitability, liquidity, and
solvency.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 70
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201207 - Exploration of Adaptive Strategies for Sustainability of Small and Medium
Scale Enterprises in the face of Global Economic Downturn
Anisiuba, C. A. (Ph.D)1;Nnam, I. J. (Ph.D)2 and Ozioko, C.3 1,2,3Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Business Administration,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Emails: chika.anisiuba@unn.edu.ng; ima.nnam@unn.edu.ng; chigozie.ozioko@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
This study explores the adaptive strategies that can be implemented by small and medium scale
enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria to overcome the effect of global economic downturn occasioned
by unprecedented circumstances of COVID-19. The adaptive strategies were viewed from two
dimensions – accounting and finance. Survey approach was adopted. 82 questionnaires that
contained 20 questions were distributed to the managers of small and medium Scale enterprises.
Data were analysed using multiple linear regression. The result reveals that finance and
accounting-based strategies has a significant positive influence on sustainability of SMEs in the
face of global economic downturn. This implies that adaptive strategies were of paramount
importance for SMEs sustainability under global economic crisis. We recommend that SMEs
should utilize both finance and accounting dimensional strategies so as to thrive amidst
economic recession.
Keywords: Adaptive Strategies, Sustainability, SMEs, Global Economic Downturn
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 71
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201208 - Conflict Management and Courtesy Behaviour of Oil and Gas Companies
in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
1Dr. Obiora-Okafo Chinedu Afamefuna, 2Okereke Lawrence Okoronkwo, 3Tojue
Obianuju Grace &4Onyemachi Chidinma Adanso 1,2,3,4Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria
Enugu Campus.
Abstract
In a cross-sectional survey design, this paper examined the relationship between Conflict
Management (accommodation, collaboration) and Courtesy Behaviour of Oil and Gas
Companies in Port Harcourt. From the Krejcie & Morgan (1970) table, a sample of 133
respondents was drawn from the accessible population of 200 managers of the four major Oil
and Gas companies in Port Harcourt. Descriptive statistics were produced, and spearman rank
correlation was run using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 to examine
if relationships existed between the study variables. The results revealed that there is significant
and positive relationship between conflict management styles and courtesy behaviour of
employees in Oil and Gas companies in Port Harcourt. The paper concludes that Management of
Oil and Gas companies may sustain their competitive position and survive longer by maintaining
harmonious business environment once conflict is effectively and efficiently managed as it leads
to increased organisational citizenship behaviour. The evidence highlighted the powerful
influence of collaborative management style in predicting courtesy behaviours of staff of Oil and
Gas companies in Port Harcourt. Therefore, the paper recommends that appropriate conflict
management style should be encouraged among the Oil and Gas workers in Port Harcourt
especially collaborative management style which shows the highest degree of influence in
predicting courtesy behaviours. There is no best approach to conflict management and courtesy
behaviour as the approach is contingent on the nature of the problem and other antecedent
factors.
Keywords: Conflict Management, Accommodation, Collaboration and Courtesy Behaviour.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 72
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201211 - Crypto-Currency and the Nigerian Economy: Problems and Prospects
Chibueze E. Onyeke1, Ngozi N. Ugwu2and Lovlyn E. Kelvin-Iloafu3 1Department of Banking and Finance, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus.
Email: chibueze.onyeke@unn.edu.ng 2Department of Accountancy, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus.
Email: ngozi.ugwu@unn.edu.ng 3Department of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus.
Email: lovlyn.kelvin-iloafu@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
Crypto-currency is a peer-to-peer electronic currency whose prove of ownership is dependent on
digital signatures and characterized by public history of all transactions to prevent double
spending. Many countries around the world are already taking advantage of the benefits
presented by this digital finance such as low transactions cost, high speed and efficiency in
payments especially in international transactions for individuals and corporate bodies. However,
despite numerous promises offered by this innovation, there are risks inherent in them which
include but not limited to money laundry, terrorists financing, and tax evasion. Grounded theory
research design was adopted to achieve the objectives of this study. The main argument
advanced in this paper is for the federal government of Nigeria (FGN) and its monetary authority
to change its perception of crypto-currency as only investment assets and not as a currency that
facilitate payments or transfer of funds which is vulnerable to criminal activities.
Keywords: Crypto-Currency, Nigerian Economy, Problems and Prospects
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 73
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201212 - Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic and Entrepreneurial Marketing Response
Strategies for Recovery and Survival
Joseph Sunday Etuk
Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management
Faculty of Management Sciences
University of Port Harcourt
E-mail: jotukzeal@gmail.com
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the domestic, regional and international
tourism industry with colossal losses in revenue in all the tourism value chains. One of the
hardest hit is the hospitality sector. Decline in leisure culture, ban on individual and corporate
travel occasioned by the lockdown have manifested in near-zero occupancy rate, decline in
patronage, loss of revenue and facility shut-down in the hospitality sector. However, with the
gradual easing of the lockdown in the domestic travel sector, the hospitality market is expected
to regain its footing in the latter part of this year and next year. This paper proposes
entrepreneurial marketing response strategies for recovery and survival of the hospitality sector
in a turbulent economy. The paper adopts the chaos theory and dynamic capability framework
and argues that since COVID-19 is a metaphor for business threats and turbulence with serious
negative effects as expressed by business pause and low patronage, entrepreneurial marketing
which is more preferable in times of uncertainties can help the sector mitigate the effect of the
pandemic and survive by regaining customers’ trust and confidence through standard
safety/hygiene measures. The paper suggests technology–based innovation/creativity,
exploration of new market opportunities, on-line presence, value creation through added
packages, customer intensity through CRM, improvement in customer service delivery in
unconventional manners. The paper concludes that the ‘new normal’ created by the COVID-19,
though not desirable, is however, a test for hospitality managers to rethink new ways of doing
business as their survival depends on their response strategies.
Keywords: COVID-19 effects, Entrepreneurial marketing response strategies,
recovery/survival, hospitality sector
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 74
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201213 - Menopausal Symptoms and Leadership Style of Women Entrepreneurs in
Supermarket Business
Nome Ujebe, Ph.D1, Agha Nancy C, Ph.D2 and Ezezue B.O, Ph.D3 1,2,3Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki
Abstract
This study examines the relationship between menopausal symptoms and leadership style of
women in supermarket business. It is widely held view that menopause has negative impact on
perception of women’s work competence. The work is anchored on Social Cognitive theory of
Bussey and Bandara (1999). A cross-sectional study was carried out among 310 menopausal
women aged between 45 and 60 years, using adapted menopause specific Quality of Life
(MENQOL) questionnaire. Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to determine the
strength and direction of the relationship, using IBM SPSS statistics software version 20. Results
indicate that physical symptoms of menopause negatively ( -.341 ) correlates with Social Skills
of leadership while psychological and physical symptoms significantly and positively (.600 and
.996) relate with their task skills, respectively which explains why such women attract
derogatory comments such as ‘iron lady’, among public members. Management is advised to
review existing policies on health and wellbeing initiatives to reflect the care of women at the
stage of menopause, and to create open, inclusive and supportive culture in this direction.
Keywords: Menopausal Symptoms, Leadership style, Women Entrepreneurs
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 75
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201215 - Cybersecurity and Economic Development in Nigeria
Aziagba Shekinah Oluchukwu
Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Administration,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
E-mail: Shekinahaziagba@gmail.com
Abstract
Businesses and consumers in Sub-Saharan Africa are facing increasing cyber-threats. The
increase in cyber-attacks carried out by malicious cybercriminals taking advantage of a
borderless playing field has posed as an obstacle to society’s continued path to development.
Specific key cyber-threats worldwide include cybercrime, cyber-terrorism, cyber conflict, cyber
espionage, child online abuse and exploitation among others. These cyber-attacks can be
attributed to vulnerable systems and lax cybersecurity practices threatening lives, crippling
businesses and having in itself the capacity to scare off foreign direct investment. The paper
seeks to determine the implications of cybercrime on business operations and investment in
Nigeria. The study relied on secondary sources of data and analyzed the data using content
analysis. The study identified poor security system as one of the major leading factors associated
with cybercrimes. The high cost associated with maintaining a strong security system has kept
many organizations operating below the security poverty line from adequately protecting
themselves against losses. The paper therefore recommends among others the fortification of
national infrastructure against cyber-attacks by the government. The strengthening of
cybersecurity measures will help prevent cyber-threats from undermining the stability of
information societies thereby enabling digital technologies to become a source of development
instead of a source of risk.
Keywords: Cybersecurity, security threats, cybercrime, economic development, Nigeria.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 76
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201217 - Empirical Analysis of the Casual Relationship between Creative
Accounting and the Quality of Annual Financial Statements of Banks in Nigeria
Ugwoke, Obioma Vivian1; Onyeanu, Edith Ogoegbunam2 and Ugwoke, Robinson Onuora3 1,2,3 Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Emails: obiomavivianu@gmail.com; robinson.ugwoke@unn.edu.ng, onyeanue@yahoo.com
Abstract
This paper examined the casual relationship between Creative Accounting and Annual Financial
Statement (AFS) of Money Deposit Banks (MDB) in Nigeria. This was necessitated by the
growing concern over the quality of AFS of MDB by various stakeholders. Literature received
point to the disappointing quality of AFS of MDB to investors, (current and potential), auditors,
regulators, banking public et cetera. There exist arguments as to whether creative accounting
practices contribute significantly to the poor quality of AFS of MDB in Nigeria. The paper
adopted ex-post facto research design, pooled a sample of seven (7) MDBs from a population of
24 available in Nigeria. These MDBs are: First Bank Plc; UBA Plc; Zenith Bank Plc; Access
Bank Plc; Fidelity Bank Plc; Guarantee Trust Bank Plc; and Ecobank Plc. Secondary data were
collected about the independent variables (Creative Accounting indices) and dependent variables
(AFS Quality indices) from CBN, NSE and NBS Annual Publications for the years 2007 to
2019. These data were analyzed using linear regression model. Findings show that a significant
and negative causal relationship exist between Creative Accounting and Quality of AFS of
MDBs in Nigeria. Specifically, Robust Doubtful Debt provision enhances the quality of AFS of
MDBs; Investible Cash is negatively affected by the volume of Loan Losses; Over valuation of
noncurrent assets negatively affects the Quality of AFS of MDBs; Interbank unprofessional
transactions negatively affect the Quality of AFS of MDBs in Nigeria. It was concluded that
negative Creative Accounting Practices erode the quality of AFS of MDBs in Nigeria. It is thus
recommended that negative creative accounting practices should be regulated and deemphasized
in MDBs in Nigeria. Again, defaulters should be commensurately held accountable since poor
AFS quality negatively affects users of the attendant information content as current and potential
investors, customers, tax collectors and the economy in general.
Keywords: Creative Accounting; Money Deposit Banks; Annual Financial Statements;
Regulation; Bad Debt Provisions; Depreciation; Audit; Investors.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 77
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201219 - Enriching Corporate Governance Culture in Nigerian Companies through
Qualitative Audit Committees
Robinson Onuora Ugwoke1, Obioma V. Ugwoke2, Edith O. Onyeanu3, Ozor Chidi D4and
Chidi Nnamani5. 1,2,3,4,5 Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Abstract
The spate of corporate failures in recent times calls for serious examination of their causes and
possible solution. Audit committees are statutorily compulsory component of the management of
corporate organizations in Nigeria (CAMA 1990) and constitute a credible component of
corporate governance element in Nigeria. Despite the existence of audit committees, corporate
failures are still rampant. It becomes necessary to ask: how significant is the quality of audit
committees to corporate performance of quoted companies in the Nigerian Stock Exchange. This
paper therefore evaluates the effect of audit committee quality on corporate performance. It
focuses on Non-Financial companies quoted in the Exchange between 2006 and 2010. It
regresses the average perceived quality of the audit committees against critical financial ratios of
these companies over the years covered. A sample size of 287 was selected using the Taro
Yameni formula and the Microsoft Special Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical
analysis was adopted to perform the regression analysis. It was discovered that the quality of
audit committee impacts on the performance of companies through a positive impact on
corporate governance of such companies. However, for majority of the companies (more than 80
percent), their audit committees are weakly constituted with majority of the members lacking the
necessary qualities of integrity, dedication, a thorough understanding of the business of the
company among others. These qualities according to Shamsudden (2003) are the bedrock of
audit committee quality.
Keywords: Audit Committee, Corporate Governance, Control, Corporate Performance
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 78
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201220 - The Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility on Growth of Faith-Based
Organisations in Nigeria
Uzodinma, Ifeyinwa Bernadette and Dr. Uduji, I. Joseph
Department of Marketing,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Email: ifyuzodinma096@gmail.com
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the growth of
faith-based organizations. The descriptive survey design was adopted with a population of 548
staff and members drawn from15 Pentecostal and Orthodox churches that were purposively
selected from North-Central States of Nigeria. These States are Kwara, Kogi, Benue, Plateau,
Nasarawa, Niger and FCT. A sample size of 418 was determined. Closed-end structured
questionnaire was the instrument used to collect data from the respondents. The single
formulated hypothesis was tested using Pearson product moment correlation at 0.05 level of
significance. Result showed that corporate social responsibility (CSR) positively affects the
growth of faith-based organizations in Nigeria. The study concluded that there is a growing
concern for corporate social responsibility activities in the faith-based organizations in Nigeria.
Based on the key findings, the study recommended that there is need for governments backing of
environmental management and social services by organizations. There is need to assist religious
organizations that are socially responsible in environmental sustainability since they constitute
the key aspect of the Nigerian private sector
Keywords: CSR, Environmental Concerns, Legal Concerns, Faith-Based Organizations
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 79
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201221 – Social Moderators of Workplace Change Process and Affective
Commitment to Change of Employees in the Financial Sector
Ifeoma Joanes Onodugo1, Rev. Fr. Dr. Igwe, Anthony A.2 and Chike Pascal Onodugo3 . 1,2,3Department of Management, University of Nigeria,
Enugu Campus, Enugu State.
Emails: ifeoma.onodugo@unn.edu.ng; igwe.anthony@unn.edu.ng and
nnia.onodugo@yahoo.com
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to empirically study the moderating influence of generation class,
family-to-work conflict, and family-to-work facilitation on effect of change on affective
commitment to change for selected financial institutions in Nigeria. Data were obtained from a
sample of 323 employees working in selected financial service firms of located in the South-
Eastern region of Nigeria. Simultaneous moderated regression analysis was used to study the
effect of change on affective commitment to change. Specifically, the study sought to unveil how
the aforementioned moderators influence the effect that planned and emergent change processes
have on employee commitment to change. The empirical results show a positive effect between
change and affective commitment to change. Results also show a higher negative moderation
effect of generation class and family-to-work conflict on the main effect of emergent change,
more than planned change, on affective commitment to change, whereas family-to-work
facilitation showed a statistically positive moderation effect. It would have been preferable if the
study was longitudinal (capturing change processes before and after the COVID-19 pandemic),
instead of a retrospective study. Firms should anticipate change, and change processes should be
participatory, where employees are involved in the change process from start to finish. This
study is original. The value lies in exploring the relationship between change and affective
commitment in the financial service sector of an emerging economy. The paper simultaneously
considers different types change and estimates their effects on affective commitment
Keywords: Planned Change, Emergent Change, Affective commitment, Nigeria, financial
service workers
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 80
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201222 –Effect of Accounting Information System on the performance of Small and
Medium Scale Enterprises in Nigeria
1Odoh Longinus Chukwudi, 2Ilo Sylvester Okechukwu, 3Nnamani Chidiebere and 4Dr
Nwekwo Ngozi Mabel 1,3,4Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria Enugu Campus
2Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria Enugu Campus
E-mails: longinus.odoh@unn.edu.ng, sylvester.ilo@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
The small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) of today are engulfed in the enclave of
information age where knowledge and information are the key drivers. Still, the accounting
information system remains a veritable tool for ascertaining the wellness status of any business
and a structure for assigning quantitative values to the past, present and future economic events
of business enterprise. Yet many small and medium enterprises managers care less about the
importance of the accounting information system in strategic business management which
culminated in the premature death of many SMEs in Nigeria. This research therefore was
conducted to examine the effect of the accounting information system on the performance of
SMEs operating in Enugu state, South-East Nigeria. The study specifically evaluated the effect
of the accounting information system on the quality of managerial decision making, financial
reporting and internal control system. The study was descriptive in nature and a population of 60
SMEs managers operating Enugu state was adopted. Purposive sample size technique was used
to select the entire population for the study. The Friedman Test was adopted for the analysis of
data collected. Findings indicated that the accounting information system significantly and
positively affects the quality of managerial decision making, financial reporting and internal
control system of small and medium scale enterprises operating in Enugu state, Nigeria. The
paper, therefore, concluded that that accounting information directly affects performance of
SMEs in Nigeria and recommends that managers of SMEs should maintain optimum accounting
information system structure to promote business survival.
Key words: Accounting information system, decision making, financial reporting, internal
control
system and small and medium scale enterprises.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 81
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201223 - Entrepreneurship and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises
(SMEs) in Turbulent Times in Anambra State: The Igbo Race Perspective
Agbionu, Clementina Uchenna
Department of Business Administration, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka.
Email: uctinagbionu@gmail.com
Abstract
The management of SMEs in different sectors of the Nigerian economy for increased performance
has continued to remain highly challenging especially in these turbulent times. The main purpose of
this study is to highlight the entrepreneurial exploits of Igbo people in Southeast Nigeria which they
use to cope with the changing and challenging circumstances posed by these turbulent times. The
Igbos have been celebrated as the pinnacle of African entrepreneurship who succeed under thick
and thin. The study draws on the narratives of 25 experienced entrepreneurs in the area under
investigation and the emerging data analyzed by the use of content method to identify the variables
associated their secrets of survival even under turbulent times. The study was anchored on social
exchange theory and open innovation model supported by Systems theory. Additional insight on
salient historical situational challenges like the role of restiveness and intimidation by neighbours
were unraveled through interview transcripts and validated by respondents. The findings among
other salient factors are that entrepreneurship has high positive relationship with performance
among Igbo people which assist them to survive succeed and sustain their businesses in turbulent
times. The study recommends among many others that managers of SMEs in Anambra State need to
imbibe the situational management principle and practice of Igbos for sustainability in turbulent
times. These insights inform a contribution to ethnic or indigenous entrepreneurship which has both
theoretical and policy implications.
Key words: Entrepreneurship, Performance, SMEs Igbos Turbulent Times Nigeria.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 82
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201224 – An Assessment of Students’ Perception of Drivers of University Brand
Equity in Nigeria
Achi David Achi & Prof. Geraldine Ugwuonah
Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria Enugu Campus
david.achi@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
Universities and higher education institutions have embraced branding recently as a sustainable
strategy to overcome competition. However, universities have unique characteristics which make
them too complex and fragmented to both understand and express as single identity organization
unlike other commercial services. This makes universities’ branding attempts not to always
result in success. Hence, Pinar, Trapp, Girard and Boyt (2014) developed a scale to measure
university brand equity using nine (9) dimensions. This study, therefore, sort to further
empirically investigate the relative importance of these brand equity dimensions/drivers in
creating a strong university brand from the perspective of Nigerian university students. The
descriptive research design was adopted for this study while the survey method was used to elicit
data from the respondents. The study adapted the scale developed by Pinar, et al and was
subjected to reliability test. This study was carried out in a comprehensive federal government
university located in the South-East geopolitical zone of Nigeria. A total of 7 faculties with
varying number of departments and levels provided 200 usable surveys. The data generated was
analyzed using the PLS Structural Equation Modelling. Empirical results from the study indicate
that some of the brand equity dimensions are more important in developing strong university
brand. Specifically, brand awareness, brand loyalty, brand reputation and quality of faculty had
significant influence in creating university brand equity. Whereas, emotional environment,
library services, student living, career development, and physical facilities had no significant
influence on university brand equity.
Keywords: Branding, Brand equity, University brand equity, Nigeria.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 83
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201225 - A Causality Analysis between Social Contract and Tax Revenue
Chukwunwike, Onyekachi D.1 and Okoroiwu, K. Lugard2 1,2Department of Accountancy,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Emails: david.chukwunwike@unn.edu.ng; lugard.okoroiwu@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
The social contract is a term used in describing and emphasizing the consideration between the
ruled and their rulers, which defines the right and obligations of everyone accordingly. The idea
of the social contract is that the citizens will be ready to surrender their entitlements (which
include paying taxes) to the government just when the government guarantees them of
satisfactory protection and procurement of social amenities. Studies have shown that there exists
a significant relationship between the social contract and tax revenue. Therefore, there is a need
to ascertain if the low revenue is indeed granger caused by government non-observance to the
social contract demand. Perhaps it could be the strategic magic wand needed for improved tax
revenue. The study is a time series analysis of social contract (which was proxied by human
development index), and tax revenue of the state and federal government, covering the periods of
1999 to 2019. The Granger Causality Test was used for the analysis. The outcome provide
evidence that human development index (HDI) does not Granger cause tax revenue (TR) (p-
value = 0.1696 or 16.96% is greater than .05 or 5%) and that TR Granger cause HDI (p-value =
0.0130 or 1.3% is less than .05 or 5%). The outcome reveals that, although observance of the
social contract is important, perfect observance of social contract would not necessarily cause an
increase in tax revenue. Therefore, tax authorities should concentrate their effort on those
strategies that would guarantee an increase in revenue.
Keywords: Social contract, Government accountability, Tax revenue, Nigeria
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 84
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201227 - Effect of Cashless Banking on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Dr.Ozoji Amara Priscilia1 and Dr. Ezechukwu Beatrice O2 1Department of Accountancy,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu.
E-mail: amara.okoye@unn.edu.ng 2Department of Accountancy,
Federal Polytechnic, Oko
E-mail: beatriceezechukwu@gmail.com
Abstract
This study empirically examined the effect of cashless banking on economic growth in Nigeria,
with a focus on the aggregate data of all the banks operating in the country as at 2012-2018, as
documented in the CBN annual report. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design, thus
secondary source of data collection was employed. Cashless banking system as the independent
variable of this study was measured with TATM, TPOS, TMPS and TIB; whereas the dependent
variable, economic growth was measured with bank’s contribution to Nigeria’s real GDP
(BGDP). Data gathered were presented in tables and analyzed using multiple regression
techniques (ordinary least squares) of model estimation with the aid of E-Views 10.0
econometric software. Results show that all the explanatory variables (TATM, TPOS, TMPS and
TIB) have positive and significant effect on BGDP in Nigeria (B1 (X1), B2 (X2), B3 (X3), B4
(X4) = 0.223749 (0.0214 ), 0.153603(0.0148), 0.212357(0.0041) and 0.119908(0.0395)
respectively).Considering the independent variables as a group, the study revealed that cashless
banking system has a significant positive effect on BGDP in Nigeria (R2= 91.4%, F- Stat.=
84.37156 and Prob(F-statistics) = 0.000000<0.05). . Though the result showed that cashless
banking in Nigeria has significantly increased Nigeria’s economic growth, the coefficient values
of the explanatory variables are quite low, showing that more growth could still be achieved with
further improvement in the practice of cashless banking in Nigeria especially now that the world
grapples with Covid-19 pandemic and its economic meltdown. Based on the findings, a
collaboration and cooperation of various stakeholders like the government, CBN and Bank’s
customers were recommended to strengthen the Nigeria’s cashless banking system for long-term
sustainability. The government should ensure the provision of uninterrupted power supply which
would aid smooth operations of digital financial activities. The CBN should intensify its
enlightenment campaign to sensitize the public on the need to use cashless banking instruments.
Bank’s customers have greater role in accepting and using the cashless banking instruments.
Keywords: Cashless banking, Cashless policy, Economic growth, COVID-19.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 85
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201233 - Assessment of the Effect of Non-Performing Loans on the Performance of
Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria in the Wake of a Global Economic Recession
Igwemeka, E.C.1., Onuselogu, Odidi C.2., Ihegboro, Ifeoma M.3 1,2,3 Department of Banking and Finance,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus Enugu
Email: ebele.igwemeka@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
This study examines the correlation that exists between non-performing loan and performance of
deposit money banks in Nigeria. The result in Vector Autoregressive Estimate(VAR) with one
period lag length revealed that one period lag of return on asset (ROA) has negative and
significant influence on current ROA; non-performing loans exerts positive and insignificant
influence on ROA; while loans and advances had negative and insignificant influence on ROA
and INTR is found to be positively and insignificantly related to ROA. These outcomes entail
that a unit change in loans and advances causes -6.31 decreases in ROA .It also shows that a unit
change in non-performing loans causes 5.76 increases in ROA and a unit change in interest leads
to about 0.45 increase in ROA. Based on the findings, we recommend that monetary authorities
should quickly put strong risk management policies in place that would reduce non-performing
loans and thereby boost deposit money banks’ performance.
Keywords: Non-performing Loans, Return on Asset, Deposit Money Banks, Vector
Autoregressive
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 86
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201236 - Expanding the Non-oil Sector Through Diversification for Sustained
Economic Growth of Nigerian Economy
Okolo, Ndu Marvis1, Emengini Steve E2, and Okwu, Ifeanyi Peter3, 1Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Social Sciences, Delta State University,
Abraka, Nigeria. E-mail: mnokolo@delsu.edu.ng 2Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Business Administration,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus. E-mail: emeka.emengini@unn.edu.ng 3Department of Accountancy, Banking & Finance, Faculty of Management and Social Sciences,
Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Ebonyi State. E-mail:
Peterify2015@gmail.com
Abstract
This study examines the impact of expansion in Non - Oil sector on sustainable economic growth
of Nigeria economy. The study sourced data from the Central bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical
bulletin covering the periods of 2000 – 2019. An economic growth model was formulated using
the study variables and the model was estimated using vector auto-regression (VAR) techniques,
other diagnostic tests such as Roots of Characteristic Polynomial for VAR model stability,
Augmented Dickey-Fuller test for time series stationarity, and granger causality tests were
conducted to ensure the reliability of the model estimates. The analysis revealed that the
estimated model is stable while the VAR and variance decomposition results shows that real
gross domestic product is strongly endogenous in the short run but weakly endogenous in the
long run. Further findings suggest that in the long run Non-oil sector is strongly endogenous to
real gross domestic product (92% contribution). The study, therefore, recommends that more
attention should be given to the agriculture, solid mineral, and services sectors as they tend to
influence economic growth in the long run.
Keywords: Non-oil revenue; Diversification; Agriculture; Agrarian society; Economic growth
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 87
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201237 - Impact of Financial Accounting and Reporting on the Profitability of
Micro and Small Enterprises: A study of South East Region of Nigeria
1Nsoke, Uche Peter and 2Dr. Ofoegbu, Grace N.
1,2Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria Enugu Campus
Emails: npetuche@gmail.com; grace.ofoegbu@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
This research examined the impact of financial accounting and reporting on profitability of
Micro and Small-Scale Enterprises (MSEs). The specific objectives were to (i) determine the
effect of keeping adequate financial records on profit maximization of MSEs, and (ii) ascertain
whether proper financial report has significant relationship with profit maximization of MSEs.
The dependent variable was profit maximization of MSEs while the independent variables were
adequate financial records and proper financial reports. The variables studied were types of
financial records kept, proper financial reports as well as profit maximization. The study applied
survey design. Primary data was used and was obtained through the administration and collation
of questionnaire. The population of MSE owners is scattered all the nooks and cranny in South-
Eastern region of Nigeria hence, the exact number is unknown. A sample size of one hundred
(100) was adopted while 99 questionnaires was correctly answered and returned. Percentages,
mean and standard deviation were used to analyze all the research questions while regression
technique and Pearson moment correlation coefficient were employed to test hypothesis one and
two respectively. Findings revealed that keeping adequate financial records has positive effect on
profit maximization of MSEs; Proper financial report has significant relationship with profit
maximization of MSEs. It was recommended that government as well as its agencies such as
SMEDAN, etc should provide free steady workshops on educating and training operators of
MSEs on the importance of adopting adequate financial record keeping as well as regular
financial reports in their business operations in order to sustain profit maximization.
Keywords: Financial records, Financial reports, Profit maximization, MSEs.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 88
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201240 - The Need for Government Intervention in Entrepreneurship Development
in Enugu State: A Case for the Coal Camp Enugu Industrial Motor Parts Business
Chikeleze Francis Okechukwu (Ph.D)1 and Etalong Thomas Alama2 1,2Department of Public Administration
Enugu State University of Science and Technology
Enugu, Nigeria.
Abstract
The paper discussed the need for government intervention in entrepreneurship development with
particular reference to the Coal Camp Enugu industrial market in Enugu State of Nigeria.
Various government regimes in Enugu state have attempted to address the issue of
entrepreneurship using different approaches. However, the striking thing is that most of these
attempts introduce new programmes that solicit the unemployed to register with such
programmes, identify business ventures that engage their interest, and then apply for government
support for one form of aid or the other. The result of that approach has not proved very
rewarding when compared with the amount of funds spent by governments on such programmes.
The concern of this paper is how the government can get higher returns on their investments in
entrepreneurship support, meaningfully empower and transform the lives of government
entrepreneurial aid beneficiaries and create economic growth and development through that
process. This view is predicted on the fact that it is easier to achieve better result with those
already engaged in entrepreneurship ventures than those being enticed by government aid to
start. The paper is an empirical study based on a survey of small business entities in the Coal
Camp Enugu industrial market and the different segments of the general public that constitute
their clientele. These clients include motor mechanics, panel beaters, other artisans and
individuals that patronize the services of these entrepreneurs that operate in the market and
number about a hundred. The instruments for data collection were questionnaire, interview and
observation of selected entrepreneurs and their clients in operation. Some of the findings reveal
that these entrepreneurs have unsuccessfully sought government financial assistance to help them
boost their productivity. Again, they need government development of infrastructural facilities
such as electricity, road networks, water supply, security, etc, to enhance their performance.
Thirdly, they need government support in promoting their services beyond their direct clientele
within Enugu to the outside world. The paper therefore recommends, among other things, that
government need to urgently divert their support and aid for entrepreneurship from those being
enticed to engage in one form of entrepreneurship or the other to those that are already doing so
much but are constrained by lack of needed government support. That government need to take
the opportunity for increased state revenue through taxes and other levies accruable from these
enterprises if they are well developed by enhancing their productivity and earnings.
Keywords: Coal Camp Enugu, Industrial market, Entrepreneurship, Economic growth and
development, Government intervention.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 89
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201241 - The Impact of Fair Value Accounting on the Reported Profit of Deposit
Money Banks in Nigeria
1Dr. Ofoegbu, Grace N and 2Njoku, Emmanuel
1,2Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Email: grace.ofoegbu@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
This study investigated the Impact of Fair Value accounting on reported profit of selected deposit
money banks in Nigeria. The international financial reporting standards were issued to solve the
nagging problems of financial reporting, decision making and improve the quality of the
financial statements and also harmonise the varying degree of variations among financial
statements. This study tested the impact of fair value accounting on reported profit of the
selected commercial banks namely: Zenith Bank, United Bank for Africa, Diamond Bank,
Guaranty Trust Bank, Fidelity Bank, Sterling Bank, Access Bank, First Bank First City
Monument Bank and Union Bank. The study collected data from the audited financial statements
of the selected banks for the periods 2012 - 2015. The study proposed to estimate the models
numerically using secondary data. The simple regression was used with the aid of E-view
Version 6. The result of this analysis showed that since the probability value (0.0000) of the F-
statistics for the two hypotheses were less than 0.05 separately and the co-efficient estimates
showed positive integers, fair value has a significant and positive effect on reported profits of
commercial banks in Nigeria, hence the rejection of the null hypothesis and the acceptance of the
positive hypothesis that confirmed the study.
Keywords: Fair Value, Reported Profit, Loans, Investment Securities, Commercial Banks
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 90
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201242 - Fraud Schemes and Fraudulent Accountants Prosecution in a Recessed
Economy: the Nigerian Situation
1Dr.Ojiakor Ijeoma P. and 2Osagioduwa Lucky Ogbomo
1Departent of Accountancy, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus.
Email: ijeoma.ojiakor@unn.edu.ng 2Department of Accountancy, Lighthouse Polytechnic, Evborbanosa, Edo State, Nigeria.
Email: osaslucky321@gmail.com
Abstract
This study investigated the level at which fraudulent accountants are prosecuted in the Nigerian
public sector and the extent to which fraudulent accountants are dismissed from office in a
recessed economy such as Nigeria. The study further seeks to know if the rate of prosecution of
fraudulent public servants is equivalent to the rate of fraud in the Nigerian public sector. The
study was carried out in four states picked from the South-South and South-East geopolitical
zones. Primary data were obtained via structured questionnaire. Survey design was adopted in
the research. 102 auditors and 162 accountants from the four states were sampled. Convenient
Sampling Technique (CSTQ) was embraced. Descriptive statistical techniques such as, charts
were used in analyzing the data. Cronbach Alpha Coefficient (CAC) was embraced to test for
reliability of the research instrument. The Chi-Square Technique (CSTQ) and the P.value Percent
Techniques (PVPTQ) were adopted in testing the vividly stated hypotheses. The results revealed
that accountants involved in fraud schemes are prosecuted in the Nigerian public sector. Also,
fraudulent accountants working in Nigerian public sector are dismissed from duty due to fraud.
This is the indication of the percentage p-value of 58.025. While P value of 27.120 show the rate
of fraudulent accountants working in the Nigerian public sector not dismissed from duty due to
fraud. The study recommended that accounting professional bodies and accounting standards
setting bodies nationally and globally, for instance the Institute of Chartered Accountant of
Nigeria (ICAN), ANNA, FRCN, ACCA; ACFE among others should outline active and
purposeful prosecution guidelines for fraudulent accountants nationally and internationally.
Implementation framework should also be followed diligently and strategically.
Keywords: Fraud Schemes, Fraudulent Accountants, Fraudulent Accountants Prosecution,
Nigerian Public Sector, Recessed Economy.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 91
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201244 - The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Growth of Political
Parties in South-East, Nigeria
Flint Ikechukwu Obiekwe1 and Shed C. Moguluwa, PhD2
Department of Marketing, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Email: obiflint@yahoo.com
Abstract
This study examines the roles that corporate social responsibility plays on the growth of political
parties in southeast, Nigeria. To achieve the main objective, the study utilized survey design; and
data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire from a sample of 384 respondents
gotten from population of 1653 who were members and officials of ten selected political parties
in Southeast Nigeria. Statistical technique software SPSS was employed to aid the data analysis.
Having analyzed the data, the study found out that corporate social responsibility activities
positively affect the growth of political parties in Nigeria. The study recommends that political
entities should voluntarily integrate both social and environmental upliftment in their political
philosophy and operations. It is also advised that Government should fix minimum expected
actions that organizations (profit and non-profit) should expend on corporate social responsibility
activities.
Keywords: CSR; Growth; Political Parties; Social Relationship
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 92
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201248 - Effects of Organizational Climate on Internal Customers’ Citizenship
Behaviour: Insights from Small Business Organization
Edwin Chukwuemeka Idoko1 and Romanus Onyeka Ugwuanyi2 1Department of Marketing
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus 2Institute of Development Studies
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Abstract Organizational climate is a widely known concept in management literature. Despite the acclaimed popularity of the concept, research efforts have largely focused on large firms undermining how it applies to small organisations. Accordingly, the study seeks to deepen understanding regarding how organizational climate influence behaviour of internal customers in small organization in Nigeria. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 411 senior staff in ten small-sized organisations in Enugu. Validity and reliability of measurement items were checked. Structural equation modelling technique was used for the confirmatory factor analysis including test of hypothesized paths in the research model. Findings show statistical support for employee welfare, formalization, and clarity of goals. The management and policy implications of the findings were examined.
Keywords: Organisational climate, Citizenship behaviour, Small-sized firm, Nigeria.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 93
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201249 - Information and Communication Technology Systems Applications in
Supply Chain Management and Quality Assurance of Pharmaceutical Companies:
Evidence from Nigeria
Igwe, Anthony Aniagbaoso and Aninwike, Onyemaechi Cyril
Department of Management,
Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria, Enugu campus, Nigeria
Abstract
This study examined the effect of information and communication technology systems in quality
assurance of pharmaceutical companies. Using South East as a study area, a survey was
conducted on 648 respondents comprising management and logistics staff of the purposively
selected firms in the Nigerian pharmaceutical industry across South East Nigeria. Hypothesis
was tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation at 5% level of significance. The result
showed a significant positive relationship between ICT systems application and quality
assurance in the Nigerian pharmaceutical industry. The study recommended that organizations
should employ ICT compliant Supply Chain Managers who understand the importance of ICT
integration in effective supply chain collaboration and quality assurance.
Keywords: Supply Chain Management, information and communication technology systems,
Quality Assurance, Pharmaceutical Supply Chain
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 94
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201250 - Reducing Graduate Unemployment in Nigeria through Apprenticeship
and Participation in Family-Owned Businesses
Chukwu Benjamin Ibe1, Obu Herbert Anayo2 and Agbaeze Emmanuel Kalu3
1,3Dept of Management, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus. 2Dept of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus.
Abstract
Graduate unemployment refers to the involuntary idleness of a graduate who is willing to work
at any agreed pay for his/her services but unable to find work. It is a worrisome problem in the
country in that many people after graduation from the university and/or polytechnic have no job.
This has a lot of consequences both for the individual and larger society and the major concern is
how to address the issue and reduce it to the barest minimum in Nigeria. One approach based on
the age-long tradition of the Igbos of the Southeast Geopolitical Zone apparently for job creation
is through apprenticeship and participation in family-owned businesses. Therefore, guided by the
Situated Learning Theory, this study investigated ways of reducing graduate unemployment
through apprenticeship and participation in family-owned businesses to the benefits of the larger
economy. The result showed that both engagements in the apprenticeship schemes and
participation in family-owned businesses have positive and significant effects on reducing
graduate unemployment in Nigeria. Among others, it was recommended that Academic planners
in our higher institutions should design the course contents to bridge the theory-practice gap in
our educational system.
Keywords: Graduate, Unemployment, Apprenticeship, Family-owned businesses, Theory-
practice gap.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 95
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201251 - Successors Mentoring: Does it Serve as Lifejacket for Achieving Family
Business Trans-Generational Transition? Evidence from Nigeria
Olayinka A. Abiodun, (Ph.D)
Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration
University of Nigeria,
Email: freshmagnate@yahoo.com
Abstract
Family business owner major concern is how to affect an orderly and affordable trans-
generational transition of the business through successor mentoring as lifejacket among others to
avoid mortality susceptibility. The study sought to explore the effect that successor mentoring
plays on the successful management transition of family-owned businesses in Nigeria. The
target population under study was therefore twenty-five thousand, two hundred and eighty-nine
(25,289) family businesses in South-West, Nigeria. The study adopted the survey design to
collect data from four hundred and ninety-six (496) respondents who were owner-manager,
successors and senior management staff of selected family firms in southwest of Nigeria. Linear
regression at 0.05 significance level was used to test the data collected through the closed ended
questionnaires. The results revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between
successor mentoring and firm's sustainability, with an r value of correlation coefficient of 0.86
and significant level of P<0.05 @ 0.000. Based on this finding, the study concluded that there is
a positive link between successor mentoring and successful management transition of family-
owned businesses in Nigeria. The study advised that to continue the founder’s legacy
profitably and ensure an orderly and affordable trans-generational transition, effective
employees mentoring process should be implemented to ensure that the firms has the potential
successors with the right skills and attributes it requires to meet future business needs. Firms
should ensure that their succession planning must encourage employee’s productivity, creativity,
technological advancement and innovation that will help firms to gain new ideas and compete
favorably with their competitors.
Keywords: Successor Mentoring, Lifejacket, Sustainability, Trans-Generational Transition,
Family Business
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 96
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201252 - Employees Relations and its Effect on Employee Performance
Sani Abubakar1, Eru Eka John2 and George Yebimodei Esther3 1,2,3 Department of Business Administration, School of Management Studies
Federal Polytechnic,Ekowe, Bayelsa State
Emails: Saniab2020@yahoo.comand erujohn.kc@gmail.com
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to determine employees’ relations and their effects on employee
performance in Aigbadion Cement Factory, Edo State. The population of the study comprised of
85 workers in the Factory. The sample of the study consisted of 45 respondents, (5 management
staff and 40 employees) which was selected using a simple random sampling technique. The data
collection instrument was a self-constructed questionnaire. The instrument was validated by
experts in management concerning employee relation and employee performance. To ensure
reliability of the study, the test re-test method was used. Frequency tables and percentages was
used to analyse the research questions, a criterion percentage of 50 was established. Findings
from the study has showed that there is a positive strong relationship that exist between
employees’ relations and employees’ performance. The study findings also revealed that poor
performance is as a result of poor working condition, lack of motivation, ineffective
communication and lack of employee participation. Based on the findings, recommendations
were made, such as promoting dialogue and communication, inspiring and rewarding employees,
career development, promote healthy work/balance and implementing fair labour practices
throughout their operations in the organisation.
Keyword: Employees Relations, Performance, Employee Performance.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 97
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201253 - Politics of Place and Space: Travails of Micro-business Entrepreneurs at
the Kenyatta Building Materials Market in Enugu, Nigeria
Dr Victor U. Onyebueke
Department of Urban & Regional Planning
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Email: victor.onyebueke@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
For many small businesses, space and capital are necessary for survival. This basic logic
underlies both spontaneous aggregation and sometimes planned locations of the enterprises.
According to the 2010 National Manpower Stock and Employment Generation Survey, nearly 14
million informal sector entrepreneurs in Nigeria employ approximately between 48 and 55
million workers. Accordingly, these household/micro-enterprises and their economic activity
systems are emplaced around cities, towns and villages. The challenge for most of these small
informal businesses in Nigeria is operating in challenging fiscal and institutional administration
constraints, coupled with often oppressive planning control environments. Although the
outcomes often fluctuate between quiet resistance and outright displacements, the affected
entrepreneurs keep manoeuvring and struggling to keep their heads above water. Therefore, the
current research explores the travails of informal businesses in their effect to retain favourable
business locations and/or search for prospective ones in Nigerian cities. It attempts to deploy the
lenses of place-space theories and the case of building materials traders in the Kenyatta Market
in Enugu, Nigeria, and the findings have myriad implications for the fields of business
administration and urban planning.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 98
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201254 - Entrepreneurship And Small Business Management in Turbulent Times
Halilu Uba, Jacob Ojonugwa and Muhammed I. Abraham
Department of Business Administration,
Kogi State University, Anyigba
haliluuba4islam@gmail.com, nugwagoja@gmil.com and abrahammohammed@gmail.com
Abstract
The paper suggests that entrepreneurship and small business management in turbulent times have
not been factored into the various strategies and management of small businesses and SMEs. It is
the view of this paper that if these critical factors are properly addressed it would propel small
businesses and SMEs performance, hence the study. The target population of the paper constitute
four hundred and fifty (450) enterprises, representing 14% of 1700 registered business owners
and SMEs operating within Kogi environment. A sample size of 124 respondents was
determined using the Freud and Williams formula. A random sampling technique was adopted in
administering questionnaires to the respondents, and it was however administered in a way to
give each respondent equal opportunity of being selected to be part of the study. The findings
revealed that insufficient capital, multiple taxation, deficiencies in infrastructure and inadequate
fiscal incentives framework are the main challenges facing their businesses. Small businesses
and small and medium scale enterprises have the potentials for expansion and growth if well
managed.
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 99
Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
Online International Conference Held on 26th – 27th August, 2020
ICFBA201256 - Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Marketing Performance in the
Hospitality Industry: Mediating role of Corporate Image
1Nwekeala, B. and 2Ugwuonah, G.
1Department of Marketing, Faculty of Management Sciences,
Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
benonyedi@yahoo.com
2Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Administration,
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria.
geraldine.ugwuonah@unn.edu.ng
Abstract
The study investigated the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and marketing
performance in the hospitality industry with corporate image as a mediator in the garden city of
Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The descriptive survey research gathered data from a
population of 1460 owners/senior employees of hotels operating in Port Harcourt with a sample
of 314 determined using Yaro Yamani formula for simple size determination from a finite
population. A well-structured questionnaire containing 20 items, with six demographic items was
used to elicit data from the respondents. The data gathered was utilised to validate the model
developed for the study empirically through statistical tests with the help of SPSS. The
inferential statistical analysis revealed that marketing performance of the hotels studied was
driven by innovativeness and pro-activeness being the two dimensions of entrepreneurial
orientation used for the study. The mediating role of corporate image does not influence
significantly the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (innovativeness and pro-
activeness) and marketing performance. The effect of two principal dimensions of
entrepreneurial orientation determining marketing performance in the hotel sector of the
hospitality industry is a novel contribution in the context of Nigeria. Entrepreneurs operating
hotels in the hospitality industry should utilise their scarce resources on developing capabilities
on innovativeness and readiness to exploit market opportunities before competitors. This will
enhance guest satisfaction which is capable of promoting brand loyalty. Efforts made in
promoting these entrepreneurial attributes will engender competitive advantage and improve the
overall marketing performance.
Keywords: Innovativeness. Pro-activeness. Corporate image. Guest satisfaction. Profitability
top related