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Resource Recovery from Kitchen
Garbage by Using Microbial Fuel Cell
M. Azizul Moqsud & Kiyoshi Omine Department of Civil Engineering
Kyushu University
Japan
moqsud@gmail.com
The 3rd International conference on MFC,
The Netherlands 5-8 June 2011
What is waste?
Waste can be defined as useless,
unwanted and discarded materials
coming from production and
consumption.
Such as kitchen garbage, Bio-
degradable municipal waste
(BMW), municipal solid waste
(MSW) etc.
2
BMW
MSW
Solid waste management has
become a serious environmental
problem all over the world.
Resource recovery from solid
waste and Recycling is considered
as a viable management option.
3
Recycling is a key component of ３R the
"Reduce, Reuse, Recycle" waste hierarchy.
4
Characteristics of residential waste:
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Developing countries Industrialized countries
A Large Portion of Total Waste is Biodegradable waste both
in Developing and Industrialized countries
6
According to Power Ministry,
Bangladesh produces up to 4,000MW of electricity everyday against a minimum daily demand for 6,000MW.
In the rural areas the demand stands at some 2,400 MW per day but the
Rural Electrification Board (REB) can supply barely half of that.
In the world, 1.4 to 1.6 billion people
according to the U.N. live without
electricity!!
7
Energy, in any form, plays the most important
role in the modern world. We need energy
especially Green electrical energy in our daily
needs .
Purpose of study
To develop a Microbial Fuel cell by using the
kitchen garbage (KG) for bio-electricity
generation
To convert/recycled KG for soil conditioner
by Hybrid composting method as a by-
product of bio-electricity.
8
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Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC)
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What is MFC???
Microbial fuel cell (MFC)s are bio-
electrochemical devices which convert
biomass into electricity through the
metabolic activity of the microorganisms.
Living Bacteria generate electricity in the normal course of metabolizing nutrients.
This metabolic process delivers sustainable, renewable, commercially valuable electricity.
11
Cathode (carbon fiber)
Anode (carbon fiber)
Schematic diagram of the laboratory test of MFC
Biomass from kitchen garbage
Tester
Resistance
Arcylic container
Paper filter & activated carbon
10 cm
Materials
Materials
(Gram)
EM Leaf Mold Kitchen
Garbage
Water
Quantity 15 120 120 80
12
Methods
13
Data captured during Laboratory test
Voltage in every 20 minutes
Temperature (Deg. Cel) in every 20 minutes
14
At room temperature at 25 Degree Celcius.
Total Test Duration 45 days
Peak Voltage (590 mV) reached around 21 days
0
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/9/1
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Duration
Vo
lta
ge
(V
)
Variation of Voltage with duration
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Variation of Power density with duration
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2009/9
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12:0
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Duration
Pow
er
density (
W/m
2)
17
Various Parameters showing the performance of MFC
Parameters Value
1 V max (mV) 590
2 Current at V max (mA) 11.56
3 P max (mW) 6.82
4 Power Density (mW/m2) 682
5 Current Density (mA/m2) 1156
N.B: V=I * R, P=V * I,
18
Nutrients presence in different samples of
compost in in-vessel composting reactor and
MFC
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
BD S1Jp S2 S3
Sample
%
Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium
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Conclusions
MFC by using Kitchen Garbage is proved to be good way for bio-electricity generation
Sustainable, Renewable, Green energy.
The by-product of the electricity generation by MFC can be used as soil conditioner
20
ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH
PROBLEMS IN URBAN AREAS
DUE TO UNMANAGED WASTE
ORGANIC MATTER DEPLETION
IN THE SOIL OF RURAL AREAS
ADDRESSING
3
MAJOR PROBLEMS
• Bio-electricity generation from organic waste • Converting Organic Waste Into Compost • Use of Compost/Enriched Compost in Agriculture
Think globally but act locally and personally to make
beautiful world for the future generation…
Thank you so
much for
your
attention..
17th December 2010
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