sec 3 f&n: proteins (part 2: diet and health)

TeoSN/2014

1. Define the term malnutrition.

2. Explain the link between inadequate/ excessive intake of protein and common health problems.

3. State the recommended daily intake of protein.

Lesson ObjectivesProteins: Diet and Health

1

What is malnutrition

TeoSN/2014

Malnutrition occurs when there

is insufficient or excessive

intake of energy and nutrients

in our diet.

2

How does insufficient protein intake affect health

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Are you able to identify the effects of

insufficient protein based on the

functions of proteins?

Put on your

thinking

cap...

Growth, repair and maintenance of body cells

Formation of enzymes Maintain a healthy immune system As an energy reserve

3

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Internal organs become weak

Wounds will not be able to heal properly

Immune system may weaken

What happens when there is severe lack of proteins in the

diet?

How does insufficient protein intake affect health

4

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Severe lack of proteins in the diet can lead to

protein deficiency called:

PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition

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PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition

Kwashiorkor

6

Marasmus

Occurs especially in children between 18 months old and 2 years old

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PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition

Kwashiorkor

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Symptoms:

Loss of hair colour

Thinning of hair

Patchy and scaly skin

Muscle wasting

Bloated stomach and edemaTeoSN/2014

PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition

Kwashiorkor

8

Affects children between 6 and 8 months old

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PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition

Marasmus

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Symptoms:

‘Skin and bone’ appearance (little fat and muscle)

Loss of muscle mass

Weakening of heart muscles

Retarded brain growth

AnaemiaTeoSN/2014

PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition

Marasmus

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How does excessive protein intake affect health

Puts more stress on the organs

Liver and kidneys are responsible for getting rid of excess proteins in our body

1

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Increased risk of diseases such as:

Obesity

Cardiovascular diseases

High blood pressure

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

How does excessive protein intake affect health

WHY?WHY?*Hint hint*What are the sources of

protein?

Protein foods from animal sources are usually high in

saturated fats and cholesterol.

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So… How much protein should we take in a day

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TeoSN/2014

• 0.8 g of proteins per kg of body weight

Recommended daily intake of protein

• 3 servings of meat and alternatives, including ½ serving of dairy or other high calcium products.

for a healthy person

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MEAT & ALTERNATIVESEat 2 – 3 servings daily

1 palm-sized piece meat, fish or poultry (90g)

5 medium prawns (90g)

3 eggs (150g)+

2 glasses++ milk (500ml)

2 slices cheese (40g)

2 small blocks soft beancurd (170g)

3/4 cup cooked pulses (peas, beans, lentils) (120g)

+ While 3 eggs are equivalent in protein content to the other items listed under the meat and alternatives group, egg yolks are high in cholesterol. Thus, eat no more than 4 egg yolks per week.

++ 1 glass = 250ml15

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What about the protein requirements of pregnant and lactating women, as

well as growing children?

What can you recall about the functions of proteins?

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Let’s Recap!Definition of malnutrition

Explain link between inadequate intake of protein and common health problems:

Kwashiorkor and Marasmus

Explain link between excessive intake of protein and common health problems:

Obesity, Cardiovascular diseases, High blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Recommended daily intake of protein17