sensory integration & sensory processing disorder presented by: beth crum, mot, otr & kevin...
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Sensory Integration
& Sensory
ProcessingDisorder
PRESENTED BY: BETH CRUM, MOT, OTR
& KEVIN SCHOENBERGER, PT
2/2015
Sensory Integration &
Sensory Processing Disorder
WHEN OUR SENSORY SYSTEM IS ADAPTABLE, WE ARE ABLE TO PAY ATTENTION, LEARN, PLAN AND BE ORGANIZED
See Taste Touch Hear Smell
Muscle Balance
Difficulties in Sensory Integration
“Neurological ‘traffic jam’ that prevents certain parts of the brain from receiving the information needed to interpret sensory information correctly; exists when sensory signals don’t get organized into appropriate responses” A. Jean Ayres, PhD.
Can be misconstrued as behavioral problems, inattention, distractibility, motor incoordination, hypersensitivity, or emotional difficulties
Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)
Also known as Sensory Integration Dysfunction, this term describes the inability to use the sensory information we receive
to attend, demonstrate knowledge, learn, move, interact with others & the environment, have self-esteem and self-control, and
express feelings
Signs of SPD include: *Overly sensitive *Under-reactive *Unusual activity level
*Clumsiness *Developmental delays *Easily distracted
*Impulsive *Social difficulties *Poor self concept
*Difficulty with transitions *Difficulty calming self *Emotional difficulties
Sensory Processing Disorders
1 in every 6 children experience symptoms of SPD significant enough to affect their ability to participate fully in everyday life
Child cannot respond to sensory information to behave in a meaningful and consistent way
Difficulty using sensory information to plan and carry out actions needed
Difficulty reading verbal and non-verbal cues Learning is impaired Misdiagnosis is common--ADHD
RESULTS
Inability to make friends or be a part of a groupPoor self-esteemAcademic FailureClumsinessUncooperativeDisruptive or “Out of Control”
2/2015 \
Subtypes of SPD Sensory Modulation Disorder
-Sensory Over-Responsivity
-Sensory Under-Responsivity
-Sensory Seeking/Craving
Sensory Discrimination Disorder
Sensory-Based Motor Disorder
-Postural Disorders
-Dyspraxia
Sensory System—Seven Senses
5 Primary Senses:
Hearing Taste
Touch Smell Vision
“Hidden Senses”
Vestibular Proprioception
Vestibular = Position in Space*Basis for coordination
2/2015
Proprioception = Muscle & joint sense
* The amount of force required to complete an activity
Proprioceptive & Vestibular Senses
These two senses are essential to the foundation for learning and achieving higher level executive functions such as communication, self-esteem, capacity for abstract thought, organization and concentration
Sensory Diet
Strategies and activities that help ‘modulate’ and
find the ‘just right’ state for the nervous system
Mouth = organizing, calming/focusing, alerting (GUM) Touch = ‘fidgets,’ deep pressure, temperature Look = lighting, color, alternate visual input Listen = noise level, rhythm, auditory distractions Move = heavy work, body movement
Heavy work (Proprioceptive Input)
Pushing & pulling
(tug of war) Stretches Wheelbarrow walking Animal walks Chair push-ups Commando crawling Working on vertical surface
Moving heavy items Sweeping Household chores Jumping Hammering Pouring Ripping Sit-ups Seat walk
2/2015
Body Movement (Vestibular Input)
LINEAR
Up & Down
Jumping
Climbing
Forward & Backward
Swinging or swaying
Dancing
Crawling
Rocking
ROTARY
In Circles
Spinning
Ring-around the rosy
Sit & spin
Tire swings
2/2015
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
Improves neurological functionProvides individualized treatment so the child is able to behave in a more functional mannerProvides different forms of input during treatment to address child’s sensory processing needsProprioceptive or vestibular inputSensory equipment to add to home program
04/20/23
BEHAVIOR SPEAKS Each child is so very different, and has different requirements
and needs
But if you LOOK at what they are doing… they ARE telling you, in the only way they know how, with their behaviors, what
they NEED.
Take what they already DO and make it safer. More appropriate.
That’s the beginning of a child’s sensory diet.
04/20/23
CASE STUDIES
Carter- Hyper-sensitive, sensory avoiding childJosh- Hypo-sensitive, sensory seeking childTransitions at school
2/2015
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