session sdm - kash. rwsn kampala symposium-lessons tz_1 (pp_tminimizer)

Stream: Service Delivery Models

Practical lessons for the Management of Rural water supply in Tanzania

Herbert Kashililah

Registered charity numbers 288701 (England and Wales) and SC039479 (Scotland)

www.wateraid.org

Functional Water Points

WaterAid, 47-49 Durham Street, London SE11 5JD T: 020 7793 4500 W: www.wateraid.org

WaterAid, 47 – 49 Durham Street, London SE11 5JD T: 020 7793 4500 W: www.wateraid.org

WaterAid, 47 – 49 Durham Street, London SE11 5JD T: 020 7793 4500 W: www.wateraid.org

Case Village A

Income 5,931,000

Expenditure 1,544,000

Loss/Profit + 4,369,000

Less Maintenance 0

Balance 17,088,000

Bank Balance 300,000

Missing? 16,788,000

1 US $ = ~ 1300 TZS

• 270 Households

• Borehole submersible

pump

• TZS 20/=bucket

• Village water

committee

• Operating last 4 years

Private Operator

Autonomy and Functionality

0.00%10.00%20.00%30.00%40.00%50.00%60.00%70.00%80.00%90.00%

100.00%

Private/Auto Auto Non Autonomous

• Non autonomous - Village Govt.

• Autonomous -

registered entity, trust , school etc.

• Private operator – Individual or company under contract

What are DifferencesNon Autonomous

• No checks and balance

• Low incentive to collect

revenue

• Limited technical skills

• Doubt to recover costs

• Low tariffs

Private operator

• Accountable to contract

• Incentive to make profit

• Employ skilled people

• Likely to recover cost

• Higher tariffs

Participation

Full Cost Recovery

No of HHs 25 50 100 150 200

Monthly Cost of Maintenance required over 10 years

Nira 718 359 180 120 90

Afridev 859 430 214 143 107

Monthly Cost of new hand pump installation and maintenance required over 30 years

Nira 1817 908 454 303 227

Afridev 1976 987 494 329 247

Costs in Tanzania Shillings : 1 US$ ~~ TZS 1300

When to recover cost

• User Group is large - a critical mass

• Ability and willingness to pay

• Technology affordable and appropriate

• Good financial management

• Management model

Conclusion

• Balance Participation & Ownership

• Autonomous entities and sustainability

• Ongoing Support from Village and District Government management & sustainability

• Separation and clarity of roles ( Govt & Community)

Management for Sustainability – Solutions

Regulation

Supportive servicesPrivate operators

Improved Participation