staar review central dogma

DNA RNA PROTEINTHE CENTRAL DOGMA

BELL RINGERWhich cellular process takes place in the ribosomes that are bound to the endoplasmic reticulum?

A. The breakdown of waste material

B. The conversion of radiant energy to glucose

C. The synthesis of new proteins

D. The replication of nucleic acids

Objective

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/rnai.html

(first 3:10)

We will identify the components of DNA and RNA and explain the process of protein synthesis.

DNA Structure:DNA resembles a twisted ladder.

Sides of ladder (Backbone) = Deoxyribose Sugars and Phosphates

Rungs of ladder (middle) = Nitrogen Bases

Hydrogen bonds= weak

bonds holding the nitrogen bases together

Watson & Crick

DNA Nucleotides:Subunits that make up DNA

3 Parts:

1. Phosphate group

2. 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose)

3. Nitrogen-Base

PBS!!!

Base PairingNitrogen Bases are held together by weak hydrogen bonds.

Nitrogen Bases:

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

A with T (Apple in the Tree)

C with G (Car in the Garage)

YOUR TURN!

WHAT ARE THE COMPLIMENTARY NITROGEN BASES TO THE FOLLOWING DNA SEGMENTS?

1. TTACGGCTA

2. ACTGGCTAT

3. GACTGGACT

4. CGCTACCGA

5. GGTCACAAT

DNA: Blueprints of Life Worksheet

You have 5 minutes to answer the 9 questions on your half worksheet.

DNA and RNA

TranscriptionmRNA is synthesized from the DNA code

Occurs in the nucleus

http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/molgenetics/transcription.swf

Translation

Converting RNA to proteins

Occurs in the cytoplasm

http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/translation/movie-flash.htm

Let’s Practice:Using a codon chart:

Which of these changes to the DNA triplet 3’ GCT 5’ will affect the protein produced?

A. GTT C. TCC

B. TCT D. GCA

Now you practice by completing the following chart:

DNA mRNA tRNA Amino Acid

TCA

GGA

TAA

Methionine

UAA

TTT

AAA

Lysine

YOU ARE ALMOST FINISHED!!!!!!!

YOUR EXIT TICKET FOR THE LESSON IS TO SYNTHESIZE YOUR OWN PROTEIN!:

1.Create 3 DNA codons

2. Show the complementary mRNA strand

3. Show the complementary tRNA strand

4. Write the corresponding amino acid for each codon.

Cluster Exit Ticket

Complete the following on the note card you were given at the beginning of cluster.

Did this lesson have a coherent beginning, middle and end?

Was the pacing appropriate with opportunities for students who progress at different rates?