static electricity. energy energy:the ability to do work. energy cannot be created or destroyed. it...

Static Electricity

Energy Energy: the ability to do work. Energy

cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be transformed.

Forms of Energy: – heat– light– sound– mechanical– Electrical– hydraulic

Electricity: Is a form that energy may take. Static Electricity: Where a charge remains

stationary in an object.

Law of Electric Charges:Like charges repel each otherUnlike charges attract each other (opposites

attract)Charged objects will be attracted to neutral objects

Transfer of Charge:There are 3 ways charge can be transferred:

FrictionContactInduction

Charging by Friction

Charging by Friction: when electric charges are transferred by a rubbing action or friction.

Transfer of electric charges as you walk across a carpet, shows the movement of the electrons (which have the negative charge).

Electrostatic Series

Scientists have developed a list known as the Electrostatic series Chart to determine the kind of electric charge produced on each substance when any 2 substances are rubbed together.

Electrostatic Series ChartGlass WeakHuman hairNylonWoolFurSilkCottonRubberPolyesterFoamPolyethyleneEbonite Strong

Example:

If nylon socks and cotton shirts were dried together in a clothes dryer, which becomes positive and which becomes negative?

Nylon: positive, cotton: negativeThe difference attracts each other and

causes static cling!

Insulators and conductors

Insulators: a substance in which electrons cannot move freely from atom to atom:

ex. Fur, silk, wood, rubber, glass, plastic

Conductors: a substance in ehich electons can move freely from one atom to another.

ex. Silver, copper, magnesium, iron.

Grounding

Discharge to remove any electric charges on an object.

Can be done by connecting these objects to the earth (which is a good conductor)

Objects are then groundedThe earth is so large that it removes all the charge.Only the electrons can move.

Questions:

P.406 # 1-4P. 407 # 5, 7, 8.P.410 # 2-6.