styles since 1850 .… the history of design
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Styles since 1850 .…
the history of design
� Arts and Crafts
� Art Nouveau
� Art Deco
� Stijl
� Bauhaus
� Streamline
� Memphis
� Semantics
� Bio-design
Look in our library
� The New Design Source Book� by Penny Sparke et al. (1997)
Twentieth-Century Design� Twentieth-Century Design� by Jonathan Woodham (1997)
� Design since 1945� By Peter Dormer (1998)
Arts and Craft / 1850-1900
Art Nouveau / 1890-1920
Art Deco / 1925 - 1939
De Stijl / 1917 - 1931
Bauhaus / 1919 - 1933
1850 1900 1950 2000
England
France
Fran.
Holl
All.
Die casting
Bakelite
Micro electronics.
Bauhaus /
Streamline / 1935 - 1955
“Effect” Bauhaus / 1950 ...
Memphis / 1981-1990
Bio-design / 1980 �
“Semiotic“/ 1985 �
USA
Germany
Ital
Jap
Arts and Crafts
Great Britain
1850 -1900
� Industrial Revolution
� World Exhibition
� Crystal Palace, 1851
Crystal Palace, 1851
Arts & Crafts
� Industrialisation is said to have affected the quality of designquality of design
� Look for a high standard in design and art
Arts and Crafts - Great Britain
1850 -1900
Improve the image
� of the artisans� Hand-made product� Hand-made product
� “Middle-Age” Style
� of tradition� No new technology
� No new material
� Using old processes
Arts and Crafts
Great Britain
1850 -1900
William Morris
“Why would a carpenter be considered a worst be considered a worst gentleman than a lawyer? ”
�Textile
�Wallpaper
�Liberty
Arts and Crafts - Great Britain
1850 -1900
Shapes
� Simple
� Direct and functional
Little decoration� Little decoration
� Inspired by nature : plants, birds, animals
� Rustic tradition
� Good quality furniture
Arts and CraftsInfluence on education & on design promotion
� Especially in England� Consequently in USA
� AwarenessHigh standards of design & art� High standards of design & art
� Education� Central School of Arts & Crafts
� Royal College of Arts
� Victoria and Albert Museum
William Morris 1864
« Fruit » painted paper
Design by William � Design by William Morris en 1864
� Still being produced in 1980
Art Nouveau - France
1890 – 1920fluid line or
feminine art
Inspired ...
� by feminine shapes
� by the shapes of plants� by the shapes of plants
� Fluid line
� Organic shapes
� Decorative Elements
� Flower Ornaments
� Romantic style
Art Nouveau
1890 - 1920
� Became known in Europe in 1890
�World Exhibition in Paris 1890�World Exhibition in Paris 1890
� First international style
�Graphic Arts
� Luxury products
�Architecture
Art Nouveau - France
1890 - 1920
�Origin� Arts & Crafts (for quality)
� Art of Japan
� Hector Guimard : Paris Underground� Hector Guimard : Paris Underground
� Emile Gallé: Glass (Nancy)
� Victor Horta: (Belgium)
� Louis Tiffany : Glass, Jewellery (United States)
� Antoni Gaudi : Architecture (Barcelona)
� Charles Mackintosh : Architecture & furniture(Glasgow)
Art Nouveau 1890 - 1920
� Art Nouveau in France
� Jugendstil in Germany
� Floreale in Italy� Floreale in Italy
� Secession in Austria
� « Liberty » in England
Art Deco 1925 – 1939Arts Décoratifs Exhibition 1925
Dream & Escape Dream & Escape
Glamour, luxury,
the need to escape
faced
with depression
Art Deco
Exotic Influences
� Toutankhamon 1923
� African Art
� American Jazz Culture
� Aztec Temples
Art Deco 1925 - 1939
� Hollywood Style
� Jazz Style
� A very rich and extroverted extroverted decoration
� Gold, silver, bronze, copper
� Architecture� Skyscraper Architecture
� Shops, cinemas, factories
� Style of the interior of Hollywood
Art Deco 1925 - 1939
� Packaging & advertising� Poster
� Perfume bottles
� Packs of cigarettes
� Consumer goods� Decorative and cheap
� Jewellery
� Carpets, textiles
Consumer goods
� First style mass production
� New material
� Becomes the style of the middle classmiddle class
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