tamta miqaberize tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti tbilisi 2010w

saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis ganviTarebis perspeqtivebi vaWrobis

msoflio organizaciis (WTO)-s xelSekrulebis sazRvrebSi

TamTa miqaberiZeTbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti

Tbilisi2010w

naSromis struqtura• msoflio ekonomikaSi saerTaSoriso vaWrobis

ganviTarebis tendenciebi;• WTO-s wevri ganviTarebadi da gardamavali

qveynebis sagareo vaWrobis ganviTarebis tendenciebi;

• saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis ganviTarebis xelSemwyobi da xelSemSleli procesebi WTO-Si gawevrianebis Semdeg;

• saqarTvelos ekonomikuri zrdisa da sagareo

vaWrobis ganviTarebis damokidebulebebi.

bazris liberalizacia Tu proteqcionistuli politika?

• Ria ekonomikis formireba;

• WTO-Si gawevrianeba;

• liberalur savaWro politikaze orientacia

saqarTvelos savaWro politika

• bmuli tarifebi - seqtoruri iniciativebi

- gamoricxvebi

• momsaxurebiT vaWrobaSi specifikuri valdebulebebi

- saqarTvelom moxsna SezRudvebi poziciebis 54%-ze;

- susti ekonomikis qveynebSi analogiuri maCvenebeli

Seadgens saSualod 7%-s;

- SedarebiT mdidari qveynebisTvis – 25%

saqarTveloSi moqmedi savaWro reJimebi

Cveulebrivi (vmo-s arawevr qveynebTan); upiratesi xelSewyobis (wevr-qveynebTan da/an visTanac aris Sesabamisi ormxrivi xelSekruleba); preferencialuri, maT Soris:• Tavisufali vaWrobis reJimi (dsT-s qveynebTan)• prefernciaTa ganzogadebuli sistemis (GSP) reJimi: - evro-kavSiris 25 wevri saxelmwifosgan ;

- - Sveicariisagan - kanadisagan, - iaponiisagan - aSS-sagan; - TurqeTisagan;

•

sagareo vaWroba 2009 wels

qveynebi eqsporti improti brunva saldo(FOB) (CIF)

evrokaSiris qveynebi 237 643,60 1 309 229,20 1 546 872,80 -1 071 585,60

Sveicaria 2 290,60 34 634,30 36 924,90 -32 343,70

kanada 117 224,10 14 148,50 131 372,60 103 075,70

iaponia 4 561,40 60 077,10 64 638,50 -55 515,70

aSS 36 933,90 226 730,10 263 664,00 -189 796,20

TurqeTi 226 191,20 788 036,60 1 014 227,80 -561 862,60

norvegia 570,1 4 593,00 5 163,10 -4 022,90

WTO-Si gawevrianebis Semdgomi dadebiTi movlenebi

eqsportisTvis daSvebis pirobebis gaumjobeseba mravali qveynis bazarze;

importze tarifebis optimizacia; sabaJo gadasaxadebis Semcireba saqarTveloSi importirebul

mowyobilobaze, naxevarfabrikatebsa da nedleulze

upiratesi xelSewyobis reJimi 148 qveyanasTan;

preferenciuli vaWrobis geografiis gafarToveba (GSP aSS-sTan)

• sagareo vaWrobis maregulirebeli kanonmdebloba da procedurebis daxvewa:

Semcirda sabaJo mosakrebeli (0,3%-dan 0,15%-mde); Semcirda savaldebulo sertifikaciis daqvemdebarebeli

produqciis nusxa (62%-iT); daixvewa licenzireba - nebarTvebis sistema

• pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis mozidva;• saqarTvelos interesebi saerTaSoriso savaWro

urTierTobabSi daculia vmo-s davebis mogvarebis mravalmxrivi meqanizmebiT;

• saqarTvelom miiRo ufleba awarmoos ormxrivi da mravalmxrivi molaparakebebi vmo-Si Semsvlel qveynebTan, maT Soris ZiriTad savaWro patriorebTan

WTO-Si gawevrianebis Semdgomi dadebiTi movlenebi

saqarTeloSi ganxorcielebulipirdapiri ucxouri investiciebi

weli 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009*

raodenoba

131 232

109 840

167 362

340 070

499 107

449 785

1 190 375

2 014 842

1 563 963

759 078,60

wyaro: 1. saqarTvelos statistikis erovnuli samsaxuri (statistikuri gamokvleva `sagareo ekonomikuri saqmianobis Sesaxeb~); 2. saqarTvelos erovnuli banki; 3. saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministro.

wyaro: statistikis erovnuli samsaxuri

saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis xelSemSleli faqtorebi

miuxedavad dadebiTi momentebisa, arsebobs qarTuli eqsportis zrdis xelSemSleli mravali mizezi:

1. dabali samrewvelo infrastruqtura;

2. konfliqtur zonebTan siaxlove;

3. dabalganviTarebuli mcire da saSualo seqtori;

4. sakanondeblo SeRavaTebis aRserulebis dabali done;

5. susti gamocdileba marketingSi;• sazRvargareT saqarTvelos Sesaxeb mcire informacia

(miuxedavad imisa, rom MmTavrobis kargi piar teqonologiebiT mniSvnelovnad gaizarda saqarTvelos cnobadobis xarisxi);

• mcire gamocdileba eqpsortSi;

saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis xelSemSleli faqtorebi

6. finansuri resursebis simcire;• susti sabanko seqtori (maRali saprocento ganakveTebi);• susti saeqsporto sadazRvevo momsaxureba;

7. xarisxis sertifikaciis saerTaSoriso aRiarebis mqone labiratoriebis ar arseboba;

8. bazarze SeRwevis problemebi qarTuli sasoflo-sameurneo produqciisTvis:– ganviTarebuli qveynebis mier dawesebuli teqnikuri

barierebi (TBT) da standartebi;– sanitaruli da fito-sanitaruli zomebis harmoniaciasa da

xarisxis kontrolisadmi naklebi yuradReba;

saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis xelSemSleli faqtorebi

• vmo-sa da misi komitetebis mier miRebuli konkretuli gadawyvetilebebisa da SeTanxmebebis Sesaxeb informaciis nakleboba. mag: informaciis miwodebis problemebi fermerebisa da mewarmeebisTvis.;

• 10. ganviTarebuli qveynebis eqsportis subsidireba da Sida bazris dacis RonisZiebebi:

saqarTvelos sagareo vaWroba 2001-2009 ww. (mln aSS dolari)

weli 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

brunva 1,07 1,079 1,606 2,494 3,357 4,674 6,456 7,802 5,513

zrdis tempi (%) 4% 0.8% 48.8% 55.3% 34.6% 39.2% 38.1% 20,80% -29.4%

eqsporti 318 348 465 647 867 993 1 240.2 1 497.7 1135

zrdis tempi (%) -3.8% 9.4% 33.6% 39.1% 34.0% 14.5% 24.9% 20.7% -24,10%

importi 753 731 1,141 1,848 2,49 3,681 5,216 6,305 4,378 

zrdis tempi (%) 7.6% -2.9% 56.1% 62.0% 34.7% 47.8% 41.7% 20,90% -31,60%

savaWro saldo -435 -383 -676 -1,2 -1,62 -2,69 -3,976 -4,561 -3,243

sasoflo-sameurneo produqciis wili

saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis brunva da eqsporti 2001-2009 ww-Si

1,07

0,318

1,0790,348

1,606

0,465

2,494

0,647

3,357

0,867

4,674

0,993

6,456

1,24

7,802

1,497

5,513

1,135

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Georgian Foreign Trade Turnover 2001-2008 (in USD mln)

Export Growth (in USD mln )

saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis brunva da savaWro saldo 2001-2009 wlebSi

2,494

-1,201

3,357

-1,623

4,674

-2,688

6,456

-3,976

7,802

-4,561

5,513

-3,243

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Georgian Foreign TradeTurnover 2001-2009 (in USDmln)

Trade Balance

saqarTvelos umsxvilesi savaWro partniori qveynebi

2009 wlis brunvis mixedviT

saqarTvelos umsxvilesi savaWro partniori qveynebi

2009 wlis eqsportis mixedviT

umsxvilesi sasaqonlo poziciebi saqarTvelos eqsportSi

saqarTvelos umsxvilesi savaWro partniori qveynebi 2009 wlis importis mixedviT

umsxvilesi sasaqonlo poziciebi saqarTvelos importSi

mSp-sa da sagareo vaWrobis zrdis dinamika

5124,7

6411

7761,7

10171,9

12800,9

10744,7

2492,53355,4

4613,9

6447,3

7802

5513

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

GDP growth accordingto years (mln USD)

Foreign Trade turnoveraccording to years, mlnUSD

saqarTvelos vaWroba vmo-s wevr qveynebTan

  2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

eqsporti 178,60

162,90 165,40

228,90 306,04 429,60 495,04 733,50 919,60 667,10

importi 460,20

477,99 469,23

729,80 1 126,30

1 399,99

2 090,30

3 064,30 3 885,60

2 842,80

sagareo savaWro brunva

672,2 676,23 678,61029,5

61556,4

5

1 829,54

2 585,33

3 797,82 4 805,19

3 509,93

sagareo vaWrobi

s saldo

-286,97 -316,54

-302,4 -505,95 -826,07

-970,43 -1 595,25

-2 330,80 -2 965,98

-2 175,69

saqarTvelos sagareo vaWroba WTO-s wevr qveynebTan

0,00

500 000,00

1 000 000,00

1 500 000,00

2 000 000,00

2 500 000,00

3 000 000,00

3 500 000,00

4 000 000,00

4 500 000,00

eqsporti

importi

saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis brunva da savaWro saldo

vmo-s wevr qveynebTan

-3000000

-2000000

-1000000

0

1000000

2000000

3000000

4000000

5000000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

sagar eo savaWr o br unva

sagar eo vaWr obi s sal do

dohas ganviTarebis dRis wesrigi da momavlis xedva

momavlis liberalizaciis molaparakebebis raundis ZiriTadi sakiTxebi:

soflis meurneoba garemos dacva momsaxureba samrewvelo saqoneli wesebi medikamentebiT vaWroba Sromis standartebi teqnikuri daxmareba

soflis meurneobis sferoSi

molaparakebebis ZiriTad sagans warmoadgenda:

• satarifo daklebebis ganxorcieleba konkretuli formulis mixedviT;

• vaWrobis Semafrxebeli Sida mxardamWeri zomebis Semicireba;

• saeqsporto subsidiebis sruli gauqmeba;• specifikuri tarifebis e.w. «ad-valorul» tarifebSi

gadayvana;• ganviTarebadi da naklebad ganviTarebuli qveynebis

soflis meurneobis produqciisaTvis ganviTarebuli qveynebis bazrebze daSvebis xelsayreli pirobebis daweseba;

• tropikuli xilisaTvis ganviTarebuli qveynebis bazrebze daSvebis xelsayreli pirobebis daweseba da sxva.

soflis meurneobis seqtorSi miRebuli gadawyvetilebebi

• vaWrobis Semafrxebeli Sida mxardamWeri zomebis Semcireba sami doniT, aqedan umaRlesi doneebis wrfivi Semcireba maRali doneebiT;

• saeqsporto subsidiebisa da maTi eqvivalenturi zomebis sruli gauqmeba 2013 wlisaTvis (rac evrokavSirisTvis yvelaze mtkivneul gadawyvetilebad SeiZleba iqnes miCneuli);

• ganviTarebadi qveynebisaTvis specialuri produqtisa da specialuri damcavi meqanizmebis gamoyenebis ufleba;

SeTanxmebebi arasasoflo-sameurneo produqciis bazarze daSvebis Sesaxeb

• aRniSnul seqtorSi daklebebi maRali tarifebisaTvis da satarifo pikebisaTvis ganxorcieldeba e.w. "Sveicaruli formulis” mixedviT. amasTanave gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba vmo-s wevri ganviTarebadi qveynebis interesebi araTanabari valdebulebebis dawesebiT maT sasargeblod; aseve dauwesdebaT specialuri da diferencirebuli pirobebi;

• specifikuri tarifebis gadayvana ad-valur tarifebSi konkretuli meTodiT;

• gansakuTrebuli SeRavaTebis daweseba mcire da mgrZnobiare ekonomikebisaTvis;

kvlevis procesSi wamoWrili problemebi

• statistikuri masalebis simwire;

• susti dargobrivi analizi. pozitiur da normatiul seqtors Soris kavSiris ar arseboba;

• sabaJo departmanetis statistikuri masalebis araxelmisawvdomoba (konfidencialuroba)

gmadlobT yuradRebisTvis