technical training 2009 - session4 (ruim introduction)
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SMART CARD SMART CARDSMART CARD SMART CARD
Technical Training 2009(Session 4: RUIM Introduction)
Trainer: Melvin LEE
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2009年1月20日星期二 page 2ConfidentialSMART CARD SOLUTIONS FOR EVERYONE
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
• What is CDMA?
• CDMA Standards• Types of CDMA Networks
•
CDMA Migration path• Roaming in CDMA
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What is CDMA?What is CDMA?
• CDMA stands for Code Division MultipleAccess
• CDMA is a "spread spectrum" technology,allowing many users to occupy the sametime and frequency allocations in a given
band/space.• It assigns unique codes to each
communication to differentiate it from others
in the same spectrum.• It enables many more people to share the
airwaves at the same time than otheralternative technologies
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CDMA ArchitectureCDMA Architecture
The core network
GMSC
Gateway to
•PLMN roaming
•PSTN
•others
CDMAMC
BSCBSC
BSC
BSCBSC
EIRAC HLR VLR
OMC
MSC VLR
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CDMA Key StandardsCDMA Key Standards
• TIA//EIA/IS-808 (Stage 1: Networkrequirements)
• TIA//EIA/IS-820 (Stage 2 & 3: ME-R-UIM)• TIA/EIA/IS-820-1 (Addendum)
• TIA/EIA/IS-683-A (OTASP / OTAPA)• TIA.AHAG (Authentication Algorithm CAVE)
• TIA//EIA/IS-95A & B (CDMA Air Interface)
• TIA/EIA/IS-637 (SMS)
• TIA/EIA/TSB-58 (CDMA Numbering Schema)
• ANSI--41 (CDMA Network Protocols)
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Standards DevelopmentStandards Development
CDMA2000 standards development
Source : Ericsson
CDG
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Types of CDMA networksTypes of CDMA networks
cdmaOne: The Family of IS-95 CDMA TechnologiesIS-95A : The first CDMA cellular standardIS-95B : 2.5G
(TIA/EIA IS-95 : Telecommunications Industry Association / Electronic Industries Association Interim Standard - 95)
CDMA2000: Leads the 3G revolution
CDMA 1x RTT (One Carrier Radio Transmission Technology )CDMA 1xEV–DO1x = single 1.25 MHz spaced carrierEV = EVolution
DO = Data Optimized (no voice traffic)CDMA 1xEV–DV
1x = single 1.25 MHz spaced carrierEV = EVolution
DV = Data and Voice
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CDMA Migration PathCDMA Migration Path
NetworkGeneration
Type ofNetwork
Channel
Bandwidth
Peak DataRate
Actual DataRate
2G 9.6kbps
64Kbps
144 kbps
621 kbps
1117 kbps
2.5G
3G
Evolved 3G
Enhanced3G
cdmaOneIS-95A
1.25 Mhz 14.4 kbps
cdmaOne
IS-95B
1.25 Mhz 115kbps
CDMA2000 1xRTT
1.25 Mhz 384 kbps
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO 1.25 Mhz 2.4 Mbps
CDMA2000 1xEV-DV
3.75 Mhz 4 Mbps
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CDMA/GSM RoamingCDMA/GSM Roaming
• Different Protocol
Difficulty in obtaining network parametersacross networks
• Different Authentication methods
GSM subscribers uses the A3A8 algorithm CDMA subscribers uses the CAVE algorithm
•
GSM Handsets does not support CDMAnetworks and vice versa
• The GSM SIM is different from the CDMA RUIM
smart cards
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Outline of presentation Objectives of RUIM
RUIM standards
RUIM Status
RUIM File Structure Coding RUIM Files
RUIM Security Features
Roaming with RUIM (Plastic Roaming)
RUIM cardsRUIM cards
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RUIM stands for Removable User IdentityModule
Removable - Phonebook/Number portability
Puts operator in control of subscriber
relationship Customizable post issuance
Facilitate roaming (Plastic roaming)
RUIM ObjectivesRUIM Objectives
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RUIM StatusRUIM Status
• Standardized by TIA 820
• Memory range from 32K to 128K (Cansupport large PRLs)
• Java or native
• CCAT (Application Toolkit) Standardized in3GPP2
• OTASP/OTAPA
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Document Title Doc. No.
Removable User Identity Module for Spread SpectrumSystems
3GPP2 C.S0023-A
IMSI 3GPP2 N.S0009-0
CDMA Card Application Toolkit (CCAT) 3GPP2 C.S0035-0
Short Message Service for Spread Spectrum Systems 3GPP2 C.S0015
OTASP and OTAP 3GPP2 N.S0011-0
Over-the-Air Service Provisioning of Mobile Stations inSpread 3 Spectrum Systems. 4
TIA/EIA/ IS-683-A
Over-the-Air Service Provisioning of Mobile Stations inSpread Spectrum Standards
3GPP2 C.S0016-B
REMOVABLE USER IDENTITY MODULE (R-UIM) / MOBILE EQUIPMENT (ME) INTERFACE TESTING
3GPP2 S.R0060
RUIM StandardsRUIM Standards
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RUIM FilesRUIM Files
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RUIM FilesRUIM Files
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RUIM FilesRUIM Files
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RUIM FilesRUIM Files
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RUIM FilesRUIM Files
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Mandatory Files from GSM 11.11
1. Contents of the EFs at the MF levela. EF_ICCID
2. DFs at the GSM application level3. Contents of files at the telecom level
a. EF_ADNb. EF_FDN
c. EF_LNDd. EF_SDNe. EF_EXT1f. EF_EXT2
g. EF_EXT34. DFs at the telecom level5. Contents of files at the telecom graphics level
a. EF_IMG
b. Image Instance Data Files
RUIM FilesRUIM Files
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3 main security functions of the RUIM
Managing Shared Secret Data (SSD) Performing Authentication Calculations and
generating Encryption Keys Managing the Call History Parameter
RUIM functionsRUIM functions
SRUIM S i
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RUIM SecurityRUIM Security
Commands used:
• Update SSD• Base Station Challenge
•
Confirm SSD• Run CAVE
• Generate Key/VPM
• Store ESN_ME
RUIM h i iRUIM th ti ti
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RUIM authenticationRUIM authentication
• The algorithm used by the R-UIM for
authentication and key generation is CAVE• CAVE stands for “Cellular Authentication and
Voice Encryption”
• This is performed by the Run CAVE function.
• Provides encryption for Voice, Data and
Signaling
RUIM d t SSDRUIM d t SSD
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UIM Network ME
Random
NumberGenerator
Rand SSD
Rand BS
Rand SEED
TempStorage
Random
numberenhancer
Rand BS
RUIM update SSDRUIM update SSD
RUIM d t SSDRUIM d t SSD
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UIM Network ME
Select ESNUIMID
Select
IMSI_M IMSI_T
CAVE
RANDBS AUTHBS
Rand SSD
A Key
CAVE
SSD(new)
RUIM update SSDRUIM update SSD
RUIM d t SSDRUIM pdate SSD
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UIM Network ME
CAVE
Compare
If equal SSD= SSD (new)
AUTH BS
AUTH BS
Update
SSD OK?
RUIM update SSDRUIM update SSD
GSM SIM a thenticationGSM SIM authentication
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RAND
Ki RAND
A3
SRES
A8
Kc
Ki RAND
A3
SRES’
GSM SIM authenticationGSM SIM authentication
RUIM functionsRUIM functions Call HistoryCall History
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RUIM functionsRUIM functions – – Call HistoryCall History
• CALL COUNT is used as a simple “clone”detector.
• During network access protocols, the R-UIMreports its value of CALL COUNT to the network.If the value is consistent with the network’s valueof CALL COUNT, the network will grant access
• If value of CALL COUNT is out of sequence, thenetwork may choose to investigate the possibilitythat the R-UIM has been “cloned” and take
action.• Both the mobile and the network track the Call
History Count
Plastic RoamingPlastic Roaming
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RUIM can facilitate “Plastic Roaming” betweenCDMA and GSM networks using a DUAL mode card.
A smart card that supports both the RUIM and SIMfunctionality is known as a DUAL mode card.
Roaming 2 methods
First method:Two phones – 1 CDMA, 1 GSM1 dual mode card with both CDMA and GSM files
populated
Plastic RoamingPlastic Roaming
Plastic RoamingPlastic Roaming
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Second method:
• 1 dual mode phone with 1 dual mode cardwith both CDMA and GSM files populated
Plastic RoamingPlastic Roaming
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