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Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission, CCHEN Chile
“TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT FOR EMBARKING COUNTRIES” VIC 24-28 June, 2013
Dr. Jerson R. REYES,
E-mail: jereyes@cchen.cl
TOPICS
• Chile
• Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
• Electric Systems and Electricity Production
• Highlights about Nuclear Power in Chile
• GENE
2 Gobierno de Chile | Ministertry of Energy / CCHEN
Chile Country
• Capital city: Santiago
• Language: Spanish (+ some dialects mapudungun, aymara and rapa nui )
• National flower: copihue
• National dance: cueca, trote chilote, dance style rapa nui
• Typical drink: chicha and wine
3 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy / CCHEN
Chile Images
4 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy/ CCHEN
Cueca
Copihue
Eastern Islands
Condorito
Chilean Wine
TOPICS
• Chile
• Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
• Electrical Systems and Electricity Production
• Highlights about Nuclear Power in Chile
• GENE
6 Gobierno de Chile | Ministertry of Energy / CCHEN
Chile CCHEN Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
7 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy/ CCHEN
CCHEN TASKS
•To attend the problems related to the production, acquisition and the pacific
uses of the atomic energy and the radioactive materials
•To control and to regulate the safety on nuclear and radioactive facilities in the
country
•To control and surveillance of workers expose to radioactivity
TOPICS
• Chile
• Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
• Electrical Systems and Electricity Production
• Highlights about Nuclear Power in Chile
• GENE
8 Gobierno de Chile | Ministertry of Energy / CCHEN
Chile: Electrical Systems and Electricity Production
9 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy/ CCHEN
• Electric Market is deregulated divided in three levels: ─Generation ─ Transmission ─Distribution
• All the three entirely in private companies • Electrical Interconnected systems are divided in four zones
─SING ─SIC ─Aysen Electric System ─Magallanes Electric System
Chile: Electricity Production (at 2012)
10 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy/ CCHEN
SING (Great North Interconnected System) Annual generation (GWh) 16751,1
Population ~ 6%
Regulated Clients ~10% Free Clients ~ 90%
SIC (Central Interconnected System) + Los Lagos Annual generation (GWh) 48812,1
Population ~ 92,4%
Regulated Clients ~ 70% Free Clients ~ 30%
Aysen Electric System Annual generation (GWh) 149,8
Population ~ 0,6% Regulated Clients 100%
Magallanes Electric System Annual generation (GWh) 186,6
Population ~ 1% Regulated Clients 100%
Chile: Electricity Production
11 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy /CCHEN
Fig 1. Evolution of Install Capacity 1990-2011 Source: BNE 2011
Fig 2. Gross Generation 1990-2011 Source: BNE 2011
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
20112009200720052003200119991997
GWh
Diesel
Biomass
Natural Gas
Wind
Coal
Hydro
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20112009200720052003200119991997199519931991
GW
Diesel
Biomass
Natural Gas
Wind
Coal
Hydro
Chile: Electricity Price
12 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy /CCHEN
Fig 3. Evolution of Energy node Price 1982-2012 Source: CNE
Fig 4. Evolution of Marginal Cost SIC and SING 2000-2011 Source: CDEC SIC and CDEC SING
Energy Node Price
($USD)
10
30
50
70
90
110
130
150
ABRIL 2000 OCTUBRE 2003 INDEX. A SEPT-06 INDEX A OCT-2008 INDEX A OCT-2009 OCTUBRE 2011
[mills
/kW
h]
SIC - Santiago SING - Crucero
Lack of NG 27F
TOPICS
• Chile
• Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
• Electrical Systems and Electricity Production
• Highlights about Nuclear Power in Chile
• GENE
13 Gobierno de Chile | Ministertry of Energy / CCHEN
Chile: Nuclear Power Highlights
14 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy/ CCHEN
Highlights during Bachelet´s Government (2006-2010)
2007-2010 (Former president Bachelet) She set up the “Nuclear power team work”, which concluded there’s no reason to discard nuclear energy as a source of electricity. After that, the following studies were hired:
─ Role of the state and the private sector ─ Regulatory framework ─ Fuel cycle ─ Impacts and risks of nuclear power ─ Descriptions of Chile's natural risks which should be considered before implementing a NPP ─ Analysis and proposal of nuclear regulation ─ Updated required to the current legal framework before introducing NPP ─ Public opinion
2008, Chilean Engineer School develop a Report with suggestions and a schedule for the
implementation of a Nuclear Power Programme.
2010 (February, weeks before chilean earthquake), the report “Nuclear Electricity in Chile: Possibilities, Gaps and Challenges” was submitted at the end of Bachelet´s government , by CChEN and the National Energy Commission. This was a more deeply evaluation about the possibility of implementing a NPP.
2010, (February 27th), earthquake 8.8 Richter scale. After that, one year later (March 2011) a nuclear accident in Fukushima, the fears of population increased.
Chile Nuclear Power in Chile
15 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy / CCHEN
Current highlights of Sebastian Piñera´s Government (2010 at date)
2011 President Piñera received the report : “Electricity Development Advisory Commission”, which recommended for a possible NPP :
− To increase the CCHEN resources − The formation of a new, autonomous regulatory body- different from CCHEN − Geologycal studies − To inform the population about nuclear energy − To train and develop human resources
2012 CChEN forms GENE (Nuclear Electric Study Group) to develop all the required
capacities for advising the government regarding a NPP (CCHEN human resources in
collaboration with the Energy National Commission)
2013 Currently the following studies are being considered to be tendered :
• Nuclear Technology Reactors Study.
• Regional Analysis for selecting potential areas for sitting.
TOPICS
• Chile
• Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
• Electrical Systems and Electricity Production
• Highlights about Nuclear Power in Chile
• GENE: Nuclear Power Study Group
16 Gobierno de Chile | Ministertry of Energy / CCHEN
GENE Nuclear Power Study Group
Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
17 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy / CCHEN
Objectives. • To make CChEN a valid counterpart in the studies of nuclear feasibility.
• To advice the government
• To inform the population
• To detect gaps and propose lines to a future Regulation
• To consider IAEA’s recommendations and other countries experiences
Chile: Main Problems
18 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy/ CCHEN
• Earthquake and Tsunami Valdivia City
(South of Chile)
• Along 160km of the coast.
• May 22th, 1960
• Intensity 9,6 in the Richter scale
• Earthquake and Tsunami
Cobquecura City (South of Chile)
• Along 800Km of the coast
• February 27th, 2010
• Intensity 8,8 in the Richter scale
GENE: Nuclear Power Study Group
Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
20 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy / CCHEN
Fuel Cycle
Sitting
Emergency’s Preparation
and Answer
Finance and Economic
Issues.
Environmental Issues
Radiologic Protection
Public Opinion
Human Resources
Electrical Grid
CNE/CCHEN
CEO - CCHEN
(Executive Director)
External Counterparts
Nuclear Electric Group
GENE
Reactor Technology
- Engineering
- Reactor Physics
National Energy
Commission
Regulatory Issues
Areas to be addressed according to the current country requirements:
H.R.
GENE: Nuclear Power Study Group
Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
21 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy / CCHEN
Strategy for studying every topic L
ine
of W
ork
Fo
r W
ha
t ?
Tools to deepen knowledge
1.- A deeper understanding of the IAEA recommendations.
2.- Understand all the aspects of the issue according to the
country requirements.
3.- Stakeholders (Identify, Monitor, Interaction)
4.- Identify whom are experts in the issue. (National/
International)
2.1.- A deeper understandinig of the Issue.
2.2.- An International Overview and case studies.
2.3.- Framework (Local gaps, lines of new regulation).
2.4.- Applied to Chile according to current/future status.
4.1.- To identify counterparts to be include.
4.2.- To identify whom are involved in the issue, and with whom it
could be interesting to participate.
4.3.- To identify and monitor the relevant cases or examples
related to the issue.
To become CCHEN a valid
counterpart.
To advise the Government.
To inform the Population.
To detect gaps and propose
lines to the regulation
To propose action plans in
order to close the gaps.
Exercises (Scenarios to
evaluate in all issues)
Ongoing training
GENE: Nuclear Power Study Group
Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
22 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy / CCHEN
How to deep in every issue?
Lin
e o
f W
ork
Fo
r W
ha
t ?
Tools to deepen knowledge
1.- A deeper understanding of the IAEA recommendations.
2.- Understand all the aspects of the issue according to the
country requirements.
3.- Stakeholders (Identify, Monitor, Interaction)
4.- Identify whom are experts in the issue. (National/
International)
2.1.- A deeper understandinig of the Issue.
2.2.- An International Overview and case studies.
2.3.- Framework (Local gaps, lines of new regulation).
2.4.- Applied to Chile according to current/future status.
4.1.- To identify counterparts to be include.
4.2.- To identify whom are involved in the issue, and with whom it
could be interesting to participate.
4.3.- To identify and monitor the relevant cases or examples
related to the issue.
To become CCHEN a valid
counterpart.
To advise the Government.
To inform the Population.
To detect gaps and propose
lines to the regulation
To propose action plans in
order to close the gaps.
Exercises (Scenarios to
evaluate in all issues)
Ongoing training
Exercise 1 Exercise 2
Exercise 3 ?
Inputs Exercise 1
- Technology Family P, B.
- U-Open Cycle.
- Thorium Open Cycle
- Other specification
Inputs Exercise 2
- Technology Family P, B.
- Uranium Close Cycle.
- Thorium Close Cycle
- Other specification
Overview
Review & Research Exercise 4 ?
Technology Assessment
-Site specification.
-Compare to technologies
- To develop an exercise
such a bidding process
-Other specification.
The knowledge level will depend on the level of information obtained and the quality of the
exercises carried out, for this, it is needed the support and expert advice of IAEA.
Currently
-A list of questions was
elaborated which gave a vision of
every topic according to the
requirements of the country.
-To describe and justify in detail
al the topics which are involved in
the issue.
- To elaborate a summary report
of each issue.
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4
Lin
e o
f W
ork
Fo
r W
ha
t ?
Tools to deepen knowledge
1.- A deeper understanding of the IAEA recommendations.
2.- Understand all the aspects of the issue according to the
country requirements.
3.- Stakeholders (Identify, Monitor, Interaction)
4.- Identify whom are experts in the issue. (National/
International)
2.1.- A deeper understandinig of the Issue.
2.2.- An International Overview and case studies.
2.3.- Framework (Local gaps, lines of new regulation).
2.4.- Applied to Chile according to current/future status.
4.1.- To identify counterparts to be include.
4.2.- To identify whom are involved in the issue, and with whom it
could be interesting to participate.
4.3.- To identify and monitor the relevant cases or examples
related to the issue.
To become CCHEN a valid
counterpart.
To advise the Government.
To inform the Population.
To detect gaps and propose
lines to the regulation
To propose action plans in
order to close the gaps.
Exercises (Scenarios to
evaluate in all issues)
Ongoing training
Inputs Exercise 2
- Technology Family C,SMR.
- Uranium Close Cycle.
- Thorium Close Cycle
- Other specification
Year 4 Year 0
GENE
Started
GENE Chile CCHEN Nuclear Electric Study Group
Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
23 Gobierno de Chile | Ministry of Energy / CCHEN
• To the present, the GENE continues evaluating the feasibility of a NPP. Even though, political decisions have been posposed, is expected that soon a resolution will be taken
• The current challenges recognized by the GENE are:
• Built the institutional capability in CChen in order to give advice to the Government in all aspects of Nuclear Power.
• To fully understand Fukushima’s accident • To inform the public. • To identify the gaps in the national framework regarding to every topic
being evaluated, considering different PNP’s scenarios in the country.
Conclusion
Thanks Gracias.
References − Chilean Nuclear Energy Commision www.cchen.cl − National energy commission, www.Cne.Cl − Ministry of Energy www.minenergia.cl
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