the economic burden of injury in canada
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The Economic Burden
of Injury in CanadaPhilip Groff, PhD
Director, Research & EvaluationSMARTRISK
BCIRPU Teleconference SeriesSeptember 24, 2009
A New Report•The Economic Burden of
Injury in Canada, builds on and expands our original 1998 economic burden study, The Economic Burden of Unintentional Injury in Canada.
•Added provincial breakdowns of data
•Added intentional injuries
•Used ICD-10 coded data
•Released August 17, 2009
Our Partners
Methodology
•Human Capital approach from a societal perspective
•Focus is on injuries, not events
•Incidence Costing
•Costs were analyzed using the ERAT, which combined existing data with variables from literature
Methodology, cont.
•Direct Costs: value of resources used to treat individual
•Goods and services used for any treatment
•Indirect Costs: value lost to society as result of injury
•Costs to societal productivity (ex. value of time lost from work and homemaking)
The Human Cost of Injury
Total Burden of Injury, Canada, 2004
Injury deaths
Hospitalized
treatment
Non-hospitalize
d treatment
Permanent partial
disability
Permanent total
disability Total cost
13,667 211,768 3,134,025 62,563 5,023 $19.8 billion
Direct and Indirect Costs
•The direct costs (health care costs arising from injuries) of injury in 2004 were 54% of total injury costs.
•The indirect costs (costs related to reduced productivity from hospitalization, disability and premature death) were 46% of total costs arising from injury.
Economic Burden by Intent
•Unintentional injuries (transportation, falls, drowning, fire/burns, unintentional poisoning, sport, and other unintentional causes) accounted for 81% of injury costs.
•Intentional injuries accounted for a further 17% of total costs.
•Injuries of undetermined intent for the remaining 2%
Total Burden of Injury,
by Select Causes, 2004
Description DeathsHospitalizatio
ns
Non-hospital-izations
Permanent partial disability
Permanent total
disability
Total costs
($ Millions)
Transport Incidents 3,067 30,932 286,086 7,738 760 $3,699
Falls 2,225 105,565 883,676 29,576 2,500 $6,155
Suicide/Self-Harm 3,616 18,210 41,930 3,879 199 $2,442
Violence 507 8,050 90,463 1,899 201 $ 871
Cause
Age/sex standardized injury mortality rates (per 100,000 pop.) by cause,
Canada, highest and lowest province, 2004
Lowest provincial rate
National rate Highest provincial
rate
Transport incidents 7.6Ontario
9.6 17.5Prince Edward island
Falls3.4
Newfoundland and Labrador
7 12.6Nova Scotia
Suicide 6.0Prince Edward Island
11.4 15.7Quebec
Violence 0.0Prince Edward Island
1.6 4.3Manitoba
Total Burden of Injury, British Columbia,
2004
Injury deaths
Hospitalized
treatment
Non-hospitalize
d treatment
Permanent partial
disability
Permanent total
disability Total cost
1,721 32,667 403,340 9,161 739$2,812 million
Direct and Indirect Costs, BC
•The direct costs (health care costs arising from injuries) of injury in 2004 were 56% of total injury costs.
•The indirect costs (costs related to reduced productivity from hospitalization, disability and premature death) were 44% of total costs arising from injury.
Economic Burden by Intent, BC
•Unintentional injuries (transportation, falls, drowning, fire/burns, unintentional poisoning, sport, and other unintentional causes) accounted for 81% of injury costs.
•Intentional injuries accounted for a further 17% of total costs.
•Injuries of undetermined intent for the remaining 2%
Burden of Injury, by Select Causes, BC,
2004
Description DeathsHospitalizatio
ns
Non-hospital-izations
Permanent partial disability
Permanent total
disability
Total costs
($ Millions)
Transport Incidents 451 5,500 36,343 1,295 131 $575
Falls 333 15,496 115,508 4,254 358 $886
Suicide/Self-Harm 465 3,233 5,478 676 33 $346
Violence 52 1,537 10,905 327 36 $132
Cause
Age/sex standardized injury mortality rates (per 100,000 pop.) by cause,
Canada, highest and lowest province, and BC, 2004Lowest
provincial rateNational rate
Highest provincial rate
BC rate
Transport incidents
7.6Ontario
9.617.5
Prince Edward island
10.7
Falls3.4
Newfoundland and Labrador
7 12.6Nova Scotia
7.9
Suicide6.0
Prince Edward Island
11.4 15.7Quebec
11.2
Violence0.0
Prince Edward Island
1.6 4.3Manitoba
1.2
Top 10 Mortality Rates, by Injury Category, Ages 0-14, BC, 2004
DescriptionMortality Rate
/100,000
Transport Incidents - Motor Vehicle 2
Drowning 1.8
Suicide/Self-Harm - Other 1.5
Transport Incidents - Other 1.5
Transport Incidents - Pedestrian 1.3
Other Unintentional Injuries 1.2
Transport Incidents - Pedal Cycle 0.7
Falls - Other 0.5
Transport Incidents - ATV, Snowmobile 0.4
Unintentional Poisoning 0.4
Top 10 Mortality Rates, by Injury Category, Ages 15-19, BC, 2004
DescriptionMortality Rate
/100,000
Transport Incidents - Motor Vehicle 7
Suicide/Self-Harm - Other 5.7
Transport Incidents - Other 4.8
Unintentional Poisoning 1.4
Violence 1.4
Transport Incidents - Pedestrian 1.2
Drowning 0.7
Other Unintentional Injuries 0.7
Transport Incidents - ATV, Snowmobile 0.7
Suicide/Self-Harm - Poisoning 0.4
Top 10 Mortality Rates, by Injury Category, Ages 65+, BC, 2004
DescriptionMortality Rate
/100,000
Falls - Other 36.2
Suicide/Self-Harm - Other 9.2
Other Unintentional Injuries 7.5
Transport Incidents - Other 5.4
Falls - On stairs 4.9
Transport Incidents - Motor Vehicle 4.5
Falls - On the same level 4.4
Suicide/Self-Harm - Poisoning 4.1
Transport Incidents - Pedestrian 4
Falls - From furniture 3.2
Top 10 Hospitalization Rates, by Injury Category, Ages 0-14, BC,
2004
DescriptionHospitalization Rate
/100,000
Other Unintentional Injuries 248
Falls - Other 157.2
Falls - In playgrounds 136.1
Transport Incidents - Pedal Cycle 95.9
Unintentional Poisoning 65.7
Falls - From skates, skis, boards, blades 64.3
Falls - From furniture 62.8
Falls - On the same level 62.3
Transport Incidents - Motor Vehicle 51.5
Transport Incidents - Pedestrian 29.9
Top 10 Hospitalization Rates, by Injury Category, Ages 15-19, BC,
2004
DescriptionHospitalization Rate
/100,000
Suicide/Self-Harm - Poisoning 138
Other Unintentional Injuries 135.1
Transport Incidents - Motor Vehicle 116.1
Violence 76.7
Transport Incidents - Pedal Cycle 44.1
Falls - From skates, skis, boards, blades 43.7
Falls - Other 41.9
Suicide/Self-Harm - Other 26.5
Unintentional Poisoning 23.3
Undetermined Intent/Other 22.9
Top 10 Hospitalization Rates, by Injury Category, Ages 65+, BC,
2004
DescriptionHospitalization Rate
/100,000
Falls - Other 649.9
Falls - On the same level 639.5
Other Unintentional Injuries 155.5
Falls - From furniture 125
Falls - On stairs 111.3
Transport Incidents - Motor Vehicle 79.4
Unintentional Poisoning 48.2
Falls - From ladders/scaffolding 31.9
Transport Incidents - Pedestrian 26.3
Suicide/Self-Harm - Poisoning 18.6
Top 10 Total Costs, by Injury Category, Ages 0-14, BC, 2004
DescriptionTotal Cost($ Millions)
Other Unintentional Injuries $ 102.0
Falls - Other $ 49.5
Falls - In playgrounds $ 32.2
Transport Incidents - Pedal Cycle $ 24.9
Falls - On the same level $ 23.2
Falls - From skates, skis, boards, blades $ 20.2
Falls - From furniture $ 16.1
Transport Incidents - Motor Vehicle $ 15.2
Unintentional Poisoning $ 12.7
Falls - On stairs $ 9.0
Top 10 Total Costs, by Injury Category, Ages 15-19, BC, 2004
DescriptionTotal Cost($ Millions)
Other Unintentional Injuries $ 71.3
Transport Incidents - Motor Vehicle $ 45.2
Suicide/Self-Harm - Poisoning $ 27.5
Violence $ 22.5
Suicide/Self-Harm - Other $ 15.9
Falls - Other $ 14.6
Falls - From skates, skis, boards, blades $ 13.8
Transport Incidents - Other $ 12.9
Transport Incidents - Pedal Cycle $ 11.9
Unintentional Poisoning $ 8.1
Top 10 Total Costs, by Injury Category, Ages 65+, BC, 2004
DescriptionTotal Cost($ Millions)
Falls - Other $ 133.3
Falls - On the same level $ 117.0
Other Unintentional Injuries $ 48.0
Falls - From furniture $ 26.6
Falls - On stairs $ 20.3
Transport Incidents - Motor Vehicle $ 13.8
Unintentional Poisoning $ 6.4
Falls - From ladders/scaffolding $ 5.3
Transport Incidents - Pedestrian $ 5.1
Suicide/Self-Harm - Poisoning $ 2.6
•Need a comprehensive national injury prevention strategy and complementary strategies at the provincial level.
•We have the capacity to develop, implement and demonstrate the positive impact such strategies would have. We need leadership
•Injury can be prevented, lives saved and a significant drain on our public resources stopped
•We can make a difference!
Conclusion
www.smartrisk.ca
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