the use of geographic information systems (gis) by …rmcbride/gis slides/gis 4 slides_student...

The Use of Geographic Information Systems

(GIS) by Local Governments

The Use of Geographic Information Systems

(GIS) by Local Governments

Giving municipal decision-makers the power to make better decisions

Giving municipal decision-makers the power to make better decisions

Case Study:Examples of GIS Usage by Local Governments

in North Carolina

Case Study:Examples of GIS Usage by Local Governments

in North Carolina

In municipal offices, GIS is capable of…...In municipal offices, GIS is capable of…...

Rapidly expanding available spatial information basesEnhancing the analysis of available optionsStreamlining the decision-making processDramatically improving the ability of electedofficials to select the best course of action

Rapidly expanding available spatial information basesEnhancing the analysis of available optionsStreamlining the decision-making processDramatically improving the ability of electedofficials to select the best course of action

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Giving decision-makers the power to make better decisions.

Legislative RedistrictingTraffic Accident Referencing & Analysis

Hurricane Storm Surge Inundation AreasWATER SUPPLY WATERSHEDS

Swine Farm BuffersRoad Corridor Selection

HOSPITAL MARKET AREASStatewide Land Cover Data

Aerial Photography BasemapsWater & Sewer Inventory

WETLAND PROTECTION Managing Storm Water Runoff

Legislative RedistrictingTraffic Accident Referencing & Analysis

Hurricane Storm Surge Inundation AreasWATER SUPPLY WATERSHEDS

Swine Farm BuffersRoad Corridor Selection

HOSPITAL MARKET AREASStatewide Land Cover Data

Aerial Photography BasemapsWater & Sewer Inventory

WETLAND PROTECTION Managing Storm Water Runoff

Aerial Imagery

Elevation

Geodetic Control

Boundaries

Surface Waters

Transportation

Land Ownership

Thematic DataThematic DataFramework DataFramework Data

Soils

Sewer Lines

Water Lines

Landcover

Wetlands

Flood Zones

Corporate Geographic DatabaseCorporate Geographic Database

GIS can give elected officials the power to do things that were not

feasible or practicable before

GIS can give elected officials the power to do things that were not

feasible or practicable before

The power to understand complex relationships

The power to understand complex relationships

Forsyth County: Water Supplies & Water Delivery System

Forsyth County: Water Supplies & Water Delivery System

The power to plan for the future, based on an accurate picture of the present

The power to plan for the future, based on an accurate picture of the present

The power to present data in a clear, compelling wayThe power to present data in a clear, compelling way

The power to make informed decisionsThe power to make informed decisions

The power to save time, money and even livesThe power to save time, money and even lives

GIS can be applied to:GIS can be applied to:

Crime reductionPublic safety enhancementSiting new schoolsRedistrictingFloodplain mappingGrowth managementDisaster recoveryTax mapping

Crime reductionPublic safety enhancementSiting new schoolsRedistrictingFloodplain mappingGrowth managementDisaster recoveryTax mapping

Economic developmentSchool bus routingFire station locationLand conservationEnvironmental impact studiesWater & sewer expansionSuperfund cleanup

Economic developmentSchool bus routingFire station locationLand conservationEnvironmental impact studiesWater & sewer expansionSuperfund cleanup

The following provides specific examples of how communities

across North Carolina have successfully applied GIS in the solution of real-world problems

The following provides specific examples of how communities

across North Carolina have successfully applied GIS in the solution of real-world problems

Situation #1:Situation #1:The City of Wilson needed to locate

a new fire stationThe City of Wilson needed to locate

a new fire station

Wilson, N.C.Wilson, N.C.

Without GIS:

necessary to drive all the roads in the city

manually determine times and distances to each household and business

allow a year to complete the study

necessary to drive all the roads in the city

manually determine times and distances to each household and business

allow a year to complete the study

Without GIS:

Wilson, N.C.Wilson, N.C.

With GIS:ran more than 40 computer scenarios in just 3 days

analyzed benefits of building a new station versus moving an existing one

determined best solution: relocate two existing stations

With GIS:ran more than 40 computer scenarios in just 3 days

analyzed benefits of building a new station versus moving an existing one

determined best solution: relocate two existing stations

Wilson, N.C.Wilson, N.C.

Results:reduced the time required to reach all locations in the city from 7 minutes to 4 minutes

over 5 years, the city saved an estimated $2M in building costs, equipment, salaries, etc.

Results:reduced the time required to reach all locations in the city from 7 minutes to 4 minutes

over 5 years, the city saved an estimated $2M in building costs, equipment, salaries, etc.

Situation #2:Situation #2:Catawba County decided to step up

the promotion of economic development in their county

Catawba County decided to step upthe promotion of economic development in their county

Catawba County, N.C.Catawba County, N.C.

no central source for all of the data that land developers needed

not all of the data needed by land developers was even available

inefficient, slow data gathering and dissemination process

no central source for all of the data that land developers needed

not all of the data needed by land developers was even available

inefficient, slow data gathering and dissemination process

Without GIS:Without GIS:

Catawba County, N.C.Catawba County, N.C.

With GIS:

created a "one-stop shop" for developers

all relevant data made available in one place

increased efficiency& reduced time to deliver data

With GIS:

created a "one-stop shop" for developers

all relevant data made available in one place

increased efficiency& reduced time to deliver data

Catawba County, N.C.Catawba County, N.C.Results:

improved image of county among developers (more attractive to investment)

GIS office acted as the point of first contact between developers and the municipality

increased job opportunities & expanded tax base

Results:

improved image of county among developers (more attractive to investment)

GIS office acted as the point of first contact between developers and the municipality

increased job opportunities & expanded tax base

Situation #3:Situation #3::The Neuse River Foundationneeded to know how to protect

this water resource

The Neuse River Foundationneeded to know how to protect

this water resource

Neuse River FoundationNeuse River Foundation

critical data spread among a myriad of manuals & reports in different locations

impossible to quickly locate potential sources of water contamination

unable to adequately assist & support volunteer water monitors

critical data spread among a myriad of manuals & reports in different locations

impossible to quickly locate potential sources of water contamination

unable to adequately assist & support volunteer water monitors

Without GIS:Without GIS:

Neuse River FoundationNeuse River Foundation

With GIS:

brought all relevant data together in a single location

added data layers to create a more complete picture

greatly reduced time necessary to gather and analyze data

With GIS:

brought all relevant data together in a single location

added data layers to create a more complete picture

greatly reduced time necessary to gather and analyze data

Neuse River FoundationNeuse River Foundation

Results:

better support for volunteer water monitors

faster tracking of water contamination sources

more comprehensive analysis of complex watershed issues

Results:

better support for volunteer water monitors

faster tracking of water contamination sources

more comprehensive analysis of complex watershed issues

Situation #4:Situation #4:N.C. Department of Public Instruction

wanted to manage school buses more efficiently

N.C. Department of Public Instructionwanted to manage school buses

more efficiently

North Carolina Department of Public Instruction

North Carolina Department of Public Instruction

hit-or-miss route mapping in 107 school districts

huge inefficiencies

inability to contain costs efficiently

hit-or-miss route mapping in 107 school districts

huge inefficiencies

inability to contain costs efficiently

Without GIS:Without GIS:

North Carolina Department of Public Instruction

North Carolina Department of Public Instruction

With GIS:

developed pilot program more than 15 years ago

GIS use was mandated by all districts statewide in 1992

state funding incentives reward efficiency (fewer buses, better routes)

With GIS:

developed pilot program more than 15 years ago

GIS use was mandated by all districts statewide in 1992

state funding incentives reward efficiency (fewer buses, better routes)

North Carolina Department of Public Instruction

North Carolina Department of Public Instruction

Results:

in the 1994-95 school year:- more than 500 fewer buses were needed

statewide than originally estimated- 15,000,000 fewer miles were driven than

originally estimated

between 1990 & 1996:- the state saved over 2,000,000 gallons of fuel

Results:

in the 1994-95 school year:- more than 500 fewer buses were needed

statewide than originally estimated- 15,000,000 fewer miles were driven than

originally estimated

between 1990 & 1996:- the state saved over 2,000,000 gallons of fuel

Situation #5:Situation #5:The City of Concord wanted to make

sure everyone was counted in the census

The City of Concord wanted to make sure everyone was counted in

the census

Concord, N.C.Concord, N.C.

manual data collection and entry

easy to miss some addresses

manual data collection and entry

easy to miss some addresses

Without GIS:Without GIS:

Concord, N.C.

With GIS:

new addresses entered directly into the GIS system

generate instant lists for multiple uses

With GIS:

new addresses entered directly into the GIS system

generate instant lists for multiple uses Data File Prepared for U.S. Census

Address Data in GIS

Concord, N.C.Concord, N.C.

Results:

city will have an estimated 5-10% higher, and more accurate, census count

city could qualify for as much as a $1,500,000 increase in state & federal funding

Results:

city will have an estimated 5-10% higher, and more accurate, census count

city could qualify for as much as a $1,500,000 increase in state & federal funding

GIS has well demonstrated applications at all levels of

government (from City Council to Congress)

GIS has well demonstrated applications at all levels of

government (from City Council to Congress)

RedistrictingRedistricting

Disaster recoveryDisaster recovery

Floodplain mappingFloodplain mapping

Hurricane Floyd

100 year flood

500 year flood

Flooding in Greenville

Regulation implementation & enforcement

Regulation implementation & enforcement

Hog lagoons in and out of the floodplainHog lagoons in and out of the floodplain

100 year flood

Hurricane Floyd

Watershed planningWatershed planning

Land zoningLand zoning

Planned growthPlanned growth

Police and fire deploymentPolice and fire deployment

Residential developmentResidential development

Economic developmentEconomic development

Fund allocationFund allocation

Prime Farmland in Johnston County

DemographicsDemographics

Citizen access to public dataCitizen access to public data

Preserved Lands in North Carolina

Any local (municipal) issue that involves spatial information can benefit from the application of

GIS

The power of GIS is the power of partnership

Any local (municipal) issue that involves spatial information can benefit from the application of

GIS

The power of GIS is the power of partnership

StandardsStandards

Formal AgreementsFormal Agreements

TrainingTraining Data ModelsData Models

CollaborationCollaboration

Information ArchitectureInformation Architecture

High-speed High-speed

Data MaintenanceData Maintenance

NetworksNetworksSynchronized SchedulesSynchronized Schedules

Local Governments

RegionalAgencies

Utilities

Non-ProfitOrganizations

Universities

Companies

FederalGovernment

State Governments

Partnership OrganizationPartnership Organization

FILM“GIS: Improving

Local Decision Making”