title authors. introduction review of literature identify the main themes of your review of...

TITLETITLE

Authors

IntroductionIntroduction

Review of LiteratureReview of Literature

Identify the main themes of your review of literature using articles to identify who said what and what it means.

Use about 1 slide per “idea”

Review of LiteratureReview of Literature

For exampleBrasile (1990) Investigated classification in

wheelchair basketball and found Class I’s differed from all other classes

Hedrick (1997) investigated the difference between men and women on selected wheelchair basketball skills and found…..

PurposePurpose

Purpose statement“The purpose of the study was to ……”

HypothesisHypothesis

State your hypothesis as a null hypothesisThere is not significant (difference or

relationship) between (identify the levels of your independent variable) as measured by (dependent variable)

NULL HYPOTHESISNULL HYPOTHESIS

There is no significant difference in the attitudes and perceptions of spectators attending male collegiate wheelchair basketball games and those attending male collegiate running basketball games, as measured by the Disability Sport Survey.

MethodMethod

Participants (Subjects)Participants (Subjects)

Identify your sample.– i.e. Participants were women attending the PVA

Camp Wisconsin, March 2000 – i.e. Groups were randomly selected from Class

I and Class II athletes attending the camp

InstrumentationInstrumentation

State the nature of your dependent variable(s)

Identify the psychometric properties of your instrument– i.e. Selected wheelchair basketball skill tests

from the Brasile (1986) test of wheelchair basketball skills.

– i.e reported reliability for the skill test was…Validity was ……

ProcedureProcedure

How did you collect your measuresIf appropriate identify testing protocols

– i.e. The Wingate test– Or Subjects were tested as two separate groups

in the order recommended by Brasile

Other procedural safeguards

Statistical AnalysisStatistical Analysis

Restate null hypothesis(ses)

Independent Variable(s)Dependent Variable(s)

Name IV Name DV

Group 1 X1

Group 2 X2

Statistical AnalysisStatistical Analysis

Cell Diagram

Statistical AnalysisStatistical Analysis

Identify your statistical procedure– E.g. One-way between groups ANOVA

State your alpha levelIdentify post-hoc procedures (only if post-

hoc is necessary)Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0

ResultsResults

Variable Group * Mean ± SD Variable name

Group 1

Group 2

Variable name

Group 1

Group 2

Demographic VariablesDemographic Variables

Variable Group * Mean ± SD Variable name

Group 1

Group 2

Variable name

Group 1

Group 2

Performance VariablesPerformance Variables

Statistical Analysis Statistical Analysis

F[4, 216] = 9.04, p < .001(If appropriate post-hoc here)Where there is significance identify the

means– i.e. Group 1 mean = – i.e. Group 2 mean =

Therefore Group X scored significantly greater, or higher, or lower etc.

DiscussionDiscussion

ConclusionConclusion

Identify the main elements of the resultsi.e. ANOVA revealed a a significant

difference (p <. 001) between group x and group y on selected basketball skill tests

i.e. An examination of the means indicated that Group X performed “more” than Group Y.

DiscussionDiscussion

Relate your results to the main points from the introduction

i.e. That Class 1’s performed less well than Class 2’s confirms (contradicts) the findings of Brasile (1987)

i.e. This result supports the findings of Slock (1976)

RecommendationsRecommendations

This area is still to be clarifiedIt is recommended that this study be

replicatedFurther studies should examine the skill

differences between Class 2’s and Class 3’sAlso the differences in male wheelchair

basketball performance should be examined

ReferencesReferences

Burgdorf, R. (2002). The Americans with disabilities policy brief series: Righting the ADA. The National Council on Disabilities.

Coakley (Ed.) (2004). Sport and society: Issues and controversies (8th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Evaggelinou, C., & Grekinis, D. (1998). A survey of spectators at the international Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Games. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 15, 25-35.

Malone, L., Lienert, C., & Yilla, A.B. (2002) Item analysis of the Disability Sport Survey. 6th North American Federation of Adapted Physical Activity (NAFAPA) Symposium. Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.