ulearn spotlight 1

Dr. Cable GreenDirector of Global Learning

cable@creativecommons.orgtwitter: @cgreen

Open Education: The Moral, Business &

Policy Case for OER

Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

1 US Dollar = 1.55 New Zealand Dollar

$2731 $1,133

Tuition and Fees Books & Supplies

Cost of U.S. Community College

Source: College Board, Trends in Higher Education Report, 2011https://trends.collegeboard.org/sites/default/files/trends-2011-community-colleges-ed-enrollment-debt-brief.pdf

Incredible Financial Pressure

Incredible Financial Pressure

Source: Student PIRGs: http://www.studentpirgs.org/sites/student/files/reports/A-Cover-To-Cover-Solution_4.pdf

Physics: Principles With Applications, 7th Edition by Douglas C. Giancoli

DONE READING?

GOOD

Nicole Allen, SPARC: CC BY

65%of students decided against buying a

required textbook because of cost

US PIRG Report, 2014http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market

50%of students said that cost of

textbooks impacted how many and which classes they took

US PIRG Report, 2014http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market

82%of students felt they would do

significantly better in a course if textbook was available for free

US PIRG Report, 2014http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market

How are 2/3 of students supposed to learn with

materials they can’t afford and are not buying?

High textbook costs

Decrease student access Increase student drop rates

Decrease student success and learning

Does it make any sense WA State and K-12 Districts together spend $130M/yearon textbooks and the results are:

• Books are (on average) 7-10 years out of date• Paper only / no digital versions.• Students can’t write / highlight in books• Students can’t keep books at end of year• All rights reserved… teachers can’t update• Parents often pay for lost paper books…

http://k12oercollaborative.org

Cost of “Copy”

For one 250 page textbook:

• Copy by hand - $1,000

• Copy by print on demand - $4.90

• Copy by computer - $0.00084

Cost of “Distribute”

For one 250 page textbook:

• Distribute by mail - $5.20• $0 with print-on-demand (2000+ copies)

• Distribute by internet - $0.00072

Handwriting Printing Press Internet

Copying a book

$1000s per copy

$1s per copy $0.0001s per copy

Distributing a book

$1000s per copy

$1s per copy $0.0001s per copy

Copy and Distribute (and storage) are “Free”

This changes everything…

InternetEnables

CopyrightForbids

Open Educational Resources

Any kind of teaching materials – textbooks, syllabi, lesson plans,

videos, readings, exams

Open Educational Resources

(1) Free and unfettered access, and(2) Free copyright permissions to

engage in the 5R activities

open ≈ free

free is assumed online

open > free

open = free + permissions

• Make and own copiesRetain• Use in a wide range of

waysReuse• Adapt, modify, and

improveRevise• Combine two or moreRemix• Share with othersRedistribut

e

The 5Rs

retain is fundamental

retain is prerequisite

to revise and remix

Open

1. Free and unfettered access

2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions

“Faux-pen”

1. Free (possibly gated) access

2. All rights reserved (or stronger)

Cost to Students

Permissions to Faculty and

Students

Commercial Textbooks Expensive Restrictive

Library Resources Free Restrictive

Open Educational Resources Free 5Rs

Nonprofit organizationOpen copyright licenses

Founded in 2001Operates worldwide

Step 1: Choose ConditionsAttribution

ShareAlike

NonCommercial

NoDerivatives

Step 2: Receive a License

most freedom

least freedomNot OER

OER

Washington Community Colleges

English Composition I

• 62,000+ enrollments / year• x $128 textbook

• ≈ $8 Million every year

opencourselibrary.org

$32M saved in 2 years+ $25M in 2015-2016

Received funding to provide faculty development on your campus:- The impacts of high textbook costs- Open textbooks as a solution- Stipends for faculty reviews of open

textbooks

The Open Textbook InitiativeUniversity of Minnesota

For more information: http://z.umn.edu/opentextbooks

OER-based Degree

When elective and required courses adopt OER so a student can graduate without ever buying a textbook

The Z-DegreeREMOVING TEXTBOOK COSTS AS A BARRIER TO STUDENT SUCCESS THROUGH AN OER-BASED CURRICULUM

Decreased cost to graduate by 25%

Increased pedagogical flexibility

Improved course completion rates

Lumen Learning

$ Cut total spend on textbooks by 90%

Measurable increase (5-10%) in student success

Open licensingof all new content

Data-driven course updates

Smooth faculty transition to open content

Student access to materials from day 1

OER Potential in U.S. Higher Education:Save Students: Billions / year

If every:

Open textbook saves $128 per course / student

11 Peer Reviewed Studies: OER Outcomes vs. Traditional Textbooks

http://openedgroup.org/

48,623 Students

http://openedgroup.org/

93% Same or Better Outcomes

http://openedgroup.org/

9 Peer Reviewed Studies of Perceptions of OER Quality

http://openedgroup.org/

4,510 Professors and Students

http://openedgroup.org/

50%Same35%

Better

15%Worse

http://openedgroup.org/

“what does open allow me to do?”

Disposable Assignments

Students hate doing themYou hate grading themHuge waste of time and energy

Renewable Assignments

Students see value in doing themYou see value in grading themThe world is a better place at the end

Publicly funded resources should be openly licensed resources.

White House issues directive supporting public access to publicly funded research

$2 billion: new academic programs @ 700+ Community Colleges

Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) requiredSkillsCommons.org

California Community Colleges require Creative Commons Attribution for all

Chancellor’s Office Grants & Contracts

letter: oerusa.org

openpolicynetwork.org

the opposite of open isn’t “closed”

the opposite of open is “broken”

Dr. Cable GreenDirector of

Global Learningcable@creativecommons.org

twitter: @cgreen

Credits

● Open Policy Network slides – from Tim Vollmer @ Creative Commons

● Big idea Icon - from the Noun Project, Public Domain

● Blueprint Icon - by Dimitry Sokolov, from The Noun Project - CC BY

● Check List Icon - by fabrice dubuy, from The Noun Project - CC BY

● Hackathon - by Iconathon 2012 - CC0

● Question Icon - by Rémy Médard, from The Noun Project - CC BY