warm-up #23 1. text page 167 #21 list the following in increasing atomic size sn, ag, as, he, cl...

Warm-Up #23

1. Text page 167 #21List the following in increasing atomic size

Sn, Ag, As, He, Cl

List the following in decreasing ionization energy P, Ni, Si, F, Ba

Why do elements decrease in size as you go across the periodic table.

Homework Review

LIGHT, ENERGY, ELECTRONS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE

Chapter 4 & 5 Review

Light as a Wave

FrequencyWavelengthAmplitudeInterferenceDiffractionC=λν

Practice Problem

Wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional

What is the frequency of light that has a wavelength of 4.275 x 10-7 cm.

The Photoelectric Effect

Energy is related to frequencyHigh frequency=High EnergyLow frequency=Low EnergyMax Planck—Light is carried in quanta

(packets) of energyE=hνEinstein called the quanta photons

Practice Problem

When sodium is heated, a yellow spectral line whose energy is 3.37 x 10-19 J per photon is produced. What is the frequency of this light? What is the wavelength?

Light as a particle and a wave

Hydrogen Line Emission SpectrumBohr’s Solar System ModelLouis de BroglieHeisenbergSchrodingerThe Quantum Mechanical Model

Electron Configurations

Principal Quantum Number—Main Energy Level (1, 2, 3,…)—Floors of office building

Angular Momentum Quantum Number—Sublevels (s, p, d, f)—Offices on the florr

Magnetic Quantum Number—orbitals (arrangement on the three dimensional axis)—desks per floor=n2

Spin Quantum Number—Electrons—2 electrons per orbital—people at the desks--# per floor=2n2

Arrangement Rules

AufbauPauli’s ExclusionHund

Practice Problems

Write the electron configuration, the noble gas notation and orbital diagram for the following Ar Br Al Sn

The Periodic Table

Mendeleev and MoseleyRepeating patterns, properties in groupsVertical groups share physical and chemical

propertiess,p,d,f blocksAlkalai metalsAlkaline earth metalsHalogensNoble gases

Valence Electrons

Outer shell electrons (s and p only)These are the only electrons available to be

gained, lost or sharedLose valence electrons, become positively

charged—cationGain valence electrons, become negatively

charged--anion

Stability

Atoms want to achieve noble gas configurations with full outer levels

Chlorine gains one electron to become like Argon.

Potassium loses one electron to become like Argon.

Periodic Trends

Atomic RadiusIonic RadiusIonization EnergyElectronegativity

Periodicity Activity

Homework—Due Thursday 11/5

Complete Chapter 4 and 5 Review Sheet

Prepare Notebooks

Exam Chapter 4 & 5 on Thursday