water and jobs - unesco · 45.2% of countries do not produce any gender stascs related to water...

Based on: United Nations World Water Development Report 2016

Water and Jobs

UN World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), UNESCO

GlobalRiskReport,WorldEconomicForm,

January2016

2003

2006

2009

2012 2015

2014

UNWORLDWATERASSESSMENTPROGRAMME

WORLDWATERDEVELOPMENTREPORTS Themainproductof

WWAPistheWWDR(UN-WaterReport)whichistheUN’sflagshipreporton

Water

WWAPcoordinatestheworkof31UNagency

membersandof38partnersofUN-Water

intheannualproducWonofthe

authoritaWveWWDR

2016

TheasdYakZasksdf]a

TheGlobalWaterCrisis

Section ONE

Main F inding of WWDR 2016

Opportuni9esforsustainableeconomicgrowth,employment(decentjobs)andresilientsocie9esarecon9ngentuponthesustainablemanagementofwaterresourcesandtheprovisionofwater-relatedservices

Waterandthe3DimensionsofSustainableDevelopment

SDGInter-linkages,UN-Water,2016

WAT E R - D E P E N D E N C Y O F J O B S

Section TWO

WATER-DEPENDENTJOBS

AGRICULTURE FORESTRY FISHERIES ENERGY

TRANSPORTBUILDINGRECYCLINGRESOURCE-INTENSIVEMANUFACTURING

HEAVILY/MODERATELYWATER-DEPENDENTJOBS

Employmentpersector/greenisagricultureGlobal EastAsia

Sub-SaharanAfrica

Europe

199120002014

HEAVILY/MODERATELYWATER-DEPENDENTJOBS

42%ofGLOBALWORKFORCE

36%ofGLOBALWORKFORCE

MODERATELYWATER-DEPENDENT

HEAVILYWATER-DEPENDENT

Threeoutoffourjobsthatmakeuptheen9reglobalworkforcearewater-dependent

WAT E R S C A R C I T Y L I M I T S G R O W T H

Section THREE

ADDRESSINGWATERSCARCITY

Annualaveragewaterwithdrawals-to-availabilityra9o

0–0.1(nowaterstress) 0.1–0.2(lowwaterstress) 0.2–0.4(midwaterstress) morethan0.4(highwaterstress) nodata

WWDR, 2016

ADDRESSINGWATERSCARCITY

ADDRESSINGWATERSCARCITYCANSUPPORTSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPENT

Economicwaterscarcity–wherebyaccessisnotlimitedbyresourceavailability,butbyhuman,insWtuWonalandfinancialconstraints–affectsemploymentopportuniWesforalargeswathoftheglobalpopulaWon,parWcularlyintheleastdevelopedcountriesofAfrica,southern/southeastAsia,andLaWnAmerica.

13April2016,InternaWonalNewYorkTimes

FOLLOW-ONEFFECTSOFWATERSCARCITY

Drought Loweragriculturalproduc9vity

Unemployment Migra9ons

FOODINSECURITY

FOODIMPORTDEPENDENCY

INFORMALSETTLEMENTS

UNEMPLOYMENT

SOCIALUNREST

Case Study Syr ia

Section THREE

Figure: Kelley et al., 2015; PNAS Map: Circle of Blue, 2016

Case Study Syr ia

Section THREE

TheGuardian,16April2016

A D D R E S S I N G G A P S A N D I N E Q U A L I T I E S

Section FOUR

FILLING THE KNOWLEDGE GAP

MakingsoundpolicydecisionneedsbecerinsightsandrobustmetricsregardingDataneedstobedisaggregatedwithrespecttogender,geography,income,ethnicity,culture,religionetc.

1)  thecurrentandfuturestateofwaterresourcesanddemand,and2)  theworkrealityincludinginformal,part-Wmeandunpaidwork.

FILLING THE CAPACITY GAP

FIGHTING INEQUALITY FOR WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND DECENT JOBS

BRIDGINGTHEGAPOFSEX-DISAGGREGATEDWATERDATA

“Womenplayacentralpartintheprovision,managementandsafeguardingofwater.….Acceptanceandimplementa5onofthisprinciplerequirespoliciestoaddresswomenspecificneedsandtoequipandempowerwomentopar5cipateatalllevelsinwaterresourcesprogrammes,includingdecision-makingandimplementa5on,inwaysdefinedbythem“.DublinStatementonWaterandSustainableDevelopment,1992

BUT…

WORLDWATERASSESSMENTPROGRAMME

45.2%ofcountriesdonotproduceanygenderstaWsWcsrelatedtowater(genderwaterdataisamongtheleastavailableofnaWonal-levelindicatorsaccordingtoa2013surveybytheUNStaWsWcalCommission)

WATER,IFNOTENGENDERED,ISENDANGERED!

•  Thelackofsex-disaggregateddataisamajorobstacletotheproducWonofscienWficevidenceongender-relatedinequaliWesinthewaterrealm

•  WomenandmenhavedifferentpercepWonsonprioriWes,needsandusesforwaterandsanitaWon

•  WeneedtocreateagenderbaselineknowledgerelatedtowaterandaglobalstandardforgendersensiWvewatermonitoring

AREALISTICPICTUREisneededtoinformpolicy

makersandguidetargetedac5onsand

investments

I N V E S T I N G I N WAT E R , I S I N V E S T I N G I N J O B S S U P P O R T I N G R E S I L I E N T S O C I E T I E S

Section FIVE

THEMULTIPLIEREFFECTOFINVESTINGINWATER

Investmentsininfrastructureandopera9onsofwater-relatedservicescanprovidehighreturnsforeconomicgrowthandfordirectandindirectjobcrea9on

InvesWngUS$1millioninwatersupplyandsanitaWoninfrastructure

10-26jobsintheUSA

100jobsinLaWnAmerica

e.g.Jobsresul9ngfrommacro-benefitssuchasimprovedinfrastructure

e.g.Jobsresul9ngfromincreasedconsump9onbyemployeesindirect/indirectjobs

e.g.Jobsatchemicalplantproducingproductsforthewatertreatmentplant

Direct jobs

Indirect jobs

Induced jobs

Growth-related jobs

e.g.Jobscreatedatarecently-builtwatertreatmentplant

CREATINGANDSUSTAINING‘WATERJOBS’ENHANCESTHEMULTIPLIEREFFECT

IMPROVINGACCESSTOWATERSUPPLYANDSANITATIONSERVICESMAKESGOODBUSINESSSENSE

(UN-Water2016)

BUTSTILLTODAY…

WAT E R I S A F U N D A M E N TA L D R I V E R F O R G R E E N G R O W T H

Section SIX

AVERAGEEMPLOYMENTOVERLIFEOFFACILITY

Jobspermegawacofaveragecapacity

NEWOPPORTUNITIESthroughINNOVATIONinaGREENECONOMY

NEWOPPORTUNITIESthroughINNOVATIONinaGREENECONOMY

GREENJOBSINTHEFUTURE

Thousandsjobsperyear

ScenariosReference Moderate Bestcase

WATERFOOTPRINTVS.

CARBONINTENSITY

World Bank, 2010

10-15jobsinalternaWvewatersupplies5-20jobsinstormwatermanagement

12-22jobsinurbanconservaWonandefficiency

10-72jobsinenvironmentalrestauraWonandremediaWon

Direct/indirect/inducedjobs

US$1 million

MILLIONDOLLAR(green)BABY“Improvedwaterstewardshippayshigheconomicdividends“,WorldBank,May2016

C O N C L U S I O N S

Section SIX

TAKE-HOMEMESSAGES

1.  Threeoutoffourjobsarewater-dependent2.  Waterscarcityandsupplydisrup9onslimiteconomicgrowthpoten9alandimpact

jobs3.  Waterscarcity(exacerbatedbyclimatechange)canbeoneimportanttriggerfor

migra9on4.  Investmentsinwaterinfrastructureand‘waterjobs’generateposi9vereturnsand

haveamul9pliereffectonjobcrea9onacrossalleconomicsectors5.  Thetransi9ontoagreenereconomyenhancesopportuni9esfordecentjobs

Opportuni9esforsustainableeconomicgrowth,employment(decentjobs)andresilientsocie9esarecon9ngentuponthesustainablemanagementofwaterresourcesandtheprovisionofwater-relatedservices.

Belerwater,belerjobs,belerlivesTowards2030Agenda

THANK YOU WWDRandotherpublica9ons,videos,PPTs,

TOOLSetc.areavailableat:

www.unesco.org/water/wwap

WWDR2016:WaterandJobs

WWDR2017:Wastewater–theUntappedResource

WWDR2015:WaterforaSustainableWorldWWDR2014:WaterandEnergy

WWDR2018:Nature-basedSolu9onforWater