week 4 classroom skill

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Developing classroom skills

ELE 3102

Week 4

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Questioning techniques

Central to interactive teaching is the active use ofquestions.

Questions help to:

* actively involve students in the lesson

* arouse students interest and curiosity

* focus attention on a particular pointy orconcept

* encourage students to form and express ideas basedon what is discussed

* encourage students to form the habit of askingquestions

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Types of questions

Questions are used for a variety of purpose. E.g.:

Do you have a garden at home?

What kinds of plants grow there vegetables or flowerplants?

Can you tell us more about the plants in your garden? 1stquestion: focuses on students attention on the topic of

the day -> plants

2ndquestion: draws on students previous knowledge andprompt them by providing two categories of plants

3rd question forces student to think more thoroughly abouthis first answer and requires a clearer, detailed answer

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Types of questions

Questions therefore has three types:

focussing questions

prompting questions

probing question

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Questioning techniques

The art of good questioning involves:

Distribution: do not direct questions at a fewbright students or use a mechanical system

such as proceeding row by row. Distributequestions at random to cover the whole class

Wait time: students need time to think of

their answers> they need time to formulate ananswer as well as build confidence to make aresponse

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Questioning techniques

Redirection : you can increase the amount of

student participation by asking a number of

students to respond to the same question,

e.g.: Chye Leng lives five kilometres from

school. What form of transport can he use to

get there? Alex? -> car.. Lee? -> bicycle.

Mike?.....

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Questioning techniques

Phrasing: Questions should be clearly phrased

and should not be more complex than the

answers required. Ask questions which are

relevant to your lesson objectives using

language that is familiar and easily

understood.

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Responding to the learners

1. Reinforcement:

Skinner (behavioural psychologist) ->

responses which are rewarded tend to be

repeated

Reinforcement conveys the message to the

student that his response or behaviour is

desirable and it can be used to:

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increase students attention

maintain motivation

encourage independent thinking improve student behaviour

reinforcement can be positive (praise, award,

star, point) or negative (detention, warning)

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Types of reinforcement

a. Verbal reinforcement

b. Using gestures and movement

c. Activity reinforcementd. Token reinforcement

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Responding to the learners

2. Correction

When a student makes incorrect response a

teacher will have to identify if it is a mistake or

an error

A mistake is an occasional slip, in incorrect

form which the student can correct by

themselves. e.g.: he are going, she are eating

Errors:

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cont

Three types of error according to Hubbard et.

al. (1983):

1. Mother-tongue interference

2. Overgeneralization

3. Errors caused by teaching

->> please refer to ELT Methodology: Principlesand Practice (pp.: 288)

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Dealing with errors:

What to correct

When to correct

How to correct

->> please refer to ELT Methodology: Principles

and Practice (pp.: 288)

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