workflow and bpm in the new enterprise architecture
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1 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Keith D SwensonVP, Fujitsu Computer SystemsTechnical Committee Chair, WfMC
Workflow and BPM in the New Enterprise Architecture
WelcomeWelcome
to Transformation and Innovation 2007 The Business Transformation Conference
2 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Presentation Overview
Definitions of Terms
What is the Gap between Business and IT?– Humans vs. System Flow
How does Workflow bridge that?– Interfacing Humans to Systems
What Standards Exist to Support This?– BPMN, XPDL, BPEL
3 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Considering your existing enterprise apps, how important are the following business problems?
Source: Forrester Survey of 145 Business and IT decision makers
• Inadequate support for cross functional processes
• Mismatch between application functionality and business reqs
• High cost compared to value
• Limits on process change due to application inflexibility
• Lack of visibility and analytic insight into process results
• Slow upgrade to new functionality
• Inability to support employees, partner, and customer collaboration
• Lack of industry specific functionality
• Inability to extend business processes to external partners
4 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
A Few DefinitionsBusiness Process - A set of one or more linked
procedures or activities which collectively realize a business objective or policy goal, normally within the context of an organizational structure defining functional roles and relationships.
Workflow - The automation of a business process, in whole or part, during which documents, information or tasks are passed from one participant to another for action, according to a set of procedural rules.
Ref: WFMC-TC-1011 http://wfmc.org/
5 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
A Few DefinitionsProcess Definition - The representation of a
business process in a form which supports automated manipulation, such as modeling, or enactment by a workflow management system. The process definition consists of a network of activities and their relationships, criteria to indicate the start and termination of the process, and information about the individual activities, such as participants, associated IT applications and data, etc.
6 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Relationships of Key Concepts
7 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
One Last Definition
Business Process Management – The practice of developing, running, performance measuring, and simulating Business Processes to effect the continued improvement of those processes. Business Process Management is concerned with the lifecycle of the Process Definition.
8 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Unfortunately, Industry not Consistent
WS-BPEL has received a lot of attention recently to the benefit of a few key vendors.
Now people are learning the truth -- it handles only a small part of the space.
While clearly important for Orchestration, positioned as something business related only confuses the market.
9 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
What is “Human” BPM?
Because of all the inconsistent uses of the term “BPM” to mean only invoked web services, we now talk about “Human” BPM to stress the complete picture of both manual & automated activities.
Workflow also include the concept of manual & automated activities is used interchangeably with “Human” BPM.
10
What is the GapBetween Business & IT?
11 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Business & IT -- Two Different Audiences
Business
IT
Concerned with only those goals that can be translated into tested,
reliable, secure systems
Concerned with business goals both manual & automatable Social structures,
working hours, vacation schedules,
learning skills, changing positions
Systemstructure,
7x24, scalability
System to system. platform
independence robust & fully automated.
User interface, choosing among
list of tasks, reassigning,
manual handling of exceptional
occasions.
Change processes
in days
Change processes in months
? ? ? ? ? ?
Legacy CRM ERP Supply Chain
Sales Marketing
Finance Procurement
12 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation ConferenceCRMLegacy ERP Supply Chain
The Bridge Between Human & System
Sales Marketing
Finance Procurement
Human BPM / Workflow
Business
IT
Enterprise Service BusWeb Service Orchestration
Presents the right user interface, to the right person at the right time.
Notifies & reminds people
Automated activities make calls to the ESB and Composite Services in response to user actions.
EAIComposite ServicesWS-Orchestration
Web Services ResourcesAdapters
FormsGUI
RolesAssignee ExpressionsTimers
13 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
What is the purpose of BPM / Workflow
Place in the hands of business professionals the ability to modify their processes, with no involvement from the IT organization
– Michael Melenovsky, Gartner
... process changes are made by business professionals who need only limited knowledge of IT systems. In a growing number of cases, changes such as work item routing, business rule overrides, and parametric changes to approval levels, are made in real time to executing process.
– Janelle Hill, Gartner
14 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Where is it Going?
By 2009, 20 percent of business processes in the Global 2000 will be supported on BPMS[*]. These processes will be predominantly those that involve a lot of human work, that differentiate the company from its competitors and that are poorly supported by existing IT systems (0.7 probability).
– Janelle Hill, Gartner
* BPMS is defined as a suite that handles both human and system processes.
15
How Does Workflow Bridgethe Gap?
16 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
1990 Workflow in the Brain
Enterprise Application A “Account Management”
Backg
rou
nd
Ch
eck
Co
nfo
rma
nce G
uid
eline
s
ApplicationLogic
in MonolithicProgram
UI“Screens”
listAccts
newAcct
updateAcct
deleteAcct
17 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
backgroundcheck
createaccount
checkguidelines
Human BPM/Workflow:
1993 Workflow Assist in Sequence
Enterprise Application A “Account Management”
Backg
rou
nd
Ch
eck
Co
nfo
rma
nce R
ules
ApplicationLogic
in MonolithicProgram
UI“Screens”
listAccts
newAcct
updateAcct
deleteAcct
LaunchesUI
User accessesoriginal UI directly
18 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
1996 Distribute Work
Enterprise Application A “Account Management”
Backg
rou
nd
Ch
eck
Co
nfo
rma
nce R
ules
ApplicationLogic
in MonolithicProgram
UI“Screens”
listAccts
newAcct
updateAcct
deleteAcct
backgroundcheck
createaccount
checkguidelines
Launches
19 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
2002 Integration thru Web Services
Enterprise Application A “Account Management”
Backg
rou
nd
Ch
eck
Co
nfo
rma
nce R
ules
ApplicationLogic
Service Oriented
Architecture
ExposedWeb
Serviceslist
AcctsnewAcct
updateAcct
deleteAcct
enterinfo
createaccount
bgcheck
rules Review
UI connects user to process engine, not
the back-end applications
20 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Old
Ru
les
2005 Composite Services = Agility
Enterprise Application A “Account Management”
Backg
rou
nd
New
Ru
les
listAccts
newAcct
updateAcct
deleteAcct
enterinfo
createaccount
call 1 Review
ESB / BPEL
ApplicationLogic
ExposedWeb
Services
CompositeService
21 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Old
Ru
les
2005 Composite Services = Agility
Backg
rou
nd
New
Ru
les
listAccts
newAcct
updateAcct
deleteAcct
enterinfo
createaccount
call 1 Review
ESB / BPEL
ApplicationLogic
ExposedWeb
Services
CompositeServices
22 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Human Activities Have Three Phases
Review
Automated phase beforeto prepare for the task
Wait phase for Human to do the work,includes timers andescalation logic
Automated phase afterto take care of resultsof the task
User Interface(while waiting)
23 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
2008 Simplify as “Human Steps”
Enterprise Application A “Account Management”
Backg
rou
nd
Co
nfo
rma
nce R
ules
ApplicationLogic
ExposedWeb
Services
listAccts
newAcct
updateAcct
deleteAcct
call 1 Review
ESB / BPEL
enterinfo
CompositeService
To People:Looks liketwo steps!
Much simpler.
24 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Separation of Responsibility
Enterprise Application A “Account Management”
Backg
rou
nd
Ru
les
listAccts
newAcct
updateAcct
deleteAcct
ESB / BPEL
call 1 Reviewenterinfo
Business Retains Control of• Assignment of Responsibility• Groups, Roles, Skills• Deadlines• Alerts, Reminders, Escalations• Order of Tasks• Addition of Manual Tasks• User Interface
IT Retains Control of• Computational Logic• Data Representations• Scalability / Performance• Interoperability• Master Data Management
25 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Who?
When?
What?
How?
Separation of DevelopmentBusiness Retains Control of• Assignment of Responsibility• Groups, Roles, Skills• Deadlines• Alerts, Reminders, Escalations• Order of Tasks• Addition of Manual Tasks• User Interface
IT Retains Control of• Computational Logic• Data Representations• Scalability / Performance• Interoperability• Master Data Management
Depends strongly on who is in each organization.
Changes on daily basis
Organizational Culture
Optimize for each team
Respond to market or legislation
Related to Training, Experience
Requires expensive technical capabilities
Very low or no dependence upon the organizational culture
Knowledge of infrastructure
26 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Step 1 Draw Human Process
Reviewenterinfo
First: a business analyst draws the “human” process
Business AnalystJohn
27 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Step 2 Add Integration
Enterprise Application A “Account Management”
Backg
rou
nd
Co
nfo
rma
nce R
ules
listAccts
newAcct
updateAcct
deleteAcct
call 1 Review
ESB / BPEL
enterinfo
IT Integration ExpertRobert
Second: ServiceInvocation Addedby IT Expert
28 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Agility Business Driven Change
Enterprise Application A “Account Management”
Backg
rou
nd
Ru
les
listAccts
newAcct
updateAcct
deleteAcct
call 1 Review
ESB / BPEL
enterinfo
legalcheck
News Flash!
Some otherbank sued!Need to respondquickly to avoid risk!
News Flash!
Some otherbank sued!Need to respondquickly to avoid risk!
29 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
When done right, successful BPM initiatives (herein referring to projects involving both business process analysis and the implementation of business process management software) change the entire notion of applications, by allowing core systems to respond to process context, rather than driving processes around the limits of technology.– Nathanial Palmer, Laura Mooney, 2006
30 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Benefit Business Level Agility
Applications are no longer monolithic
UI is separated from the back end logic
The solution is built from “applications slices” sequenced by Human BPM
BPM determines the right person for the right task at the right time.– Business analyst is in control of this!
Business side can rearrange slices, and add in manual steps quickly
31
Standards Support
32 May 22-24, 2007
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The Workflow Reference ModelProcess
Definition Tools
Administration & Monitoring
Tools
Interface 1
Interface 4 - Interoperability
Interface 5Workflow Enactment Service Other Workflow
Enactment Service(s)
WorklistHandler
Interface 3Interface 2
InvokedApplications
Tool Agent
Process Definition Import/Export
ClientApps
TypicallyWeb Services
WorkflowEngine(s)
WorkflowEngine(s)
see: www.wfmc.org/standards/docs/tc003v11.pdf
BPMN
XPDL
Wf-XML
SOAP
BPEL
33 May 22-24, 2007
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WfMC Reference ModelInterface 1 – Process Definition Tools
– Definition of a standard interface between process definition and modeling tools and the work flow engine(s).
Interface 2 – Workflow Enactment– Definition of APIs for client applications to request services
from the workflow engine to control the progression of processes, activities and work-items.
Interface 3 – Invoked Applications– A standard interface definition of APIs to allow the workflow
engine to invoke a variety of applications, through common agent software.
Interface 4 – Other Workflow Enactment Services– Definition of workflow interoperability models and the
corresponding standards to support interworking.
Interface 5 – Administration and Monitoring Tools– The definition of monitoring and control functions.
34 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Process Definition Process Execution
NotationNotation
UML AD BPMN
Repository & DiscoveryRepository & Discovery
UDDI
AssuranceAssurance
WS-Security SAML
FormatsFormats
BPDM XPDL BPSS CPA/CPP BPR
Transport ReliabilityTransport Reliability
ebXML-RM WS-RM ...
Transport LayerTransport Layer
HTTP JMS ...
Data FormatData Format
XML
EncodingEncoding
SOAP / AttachmentsWS-Addressing
Data DefinitionData Definition
XML-Schema
End Point DefinitionEnd Point Definition
WSDL
Process OrchestrationProcess Orchestration
Choreography DefinitionChoreography Definition
WS-C(concrete) WS-BPEL (abstract)
Monitoring & AuditMonitoring & Audit
WfMC IF5
Runtime InteractionRuntime Interaction
Wf-XML
ASAP
WfMCWAPI
Process State NotationProcess State Notation
WfMC Process andActivity State Models
PresentationPresentation
X-Forms
BPRI
Industry Standards Stack
(concrete) WS-BPEL (abstract)
XPDL
BPMN
Wf-XML
ASAP
35 May 22-24, 2007
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TimelineNovember
1998October
20021997
XPDL 1.0
October 2005
May2004
BPMN 1.0
1995
XPDL 2.0
WFMC
BPMI
1993
OASIS
OMG
ReferenceModel
Glossary
XML
WPDL
19961994 2000
BPEL
Wf-XML Wf-XML 2.0
ASAP
36 May 22-24, 2007
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BPMN - Modeling Notation
37 May 22-24, 2007
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XPDL: Process Definition InterchangeAllow tools to exchange process models
between – components in a Workflow/BPM Products– different BPM/Workflow Products– Process Modeling / Simulation tools and
BPM/Workflow Products
Implemented by commercial products
Full support for BPMN
Interoperability demonstrated by WfMC member organizations at public events
38 May 22-24, 2007
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39 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
40 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
41 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
BPEL For BPM?
“From day one, BPM has sought to make process design directly accessible to business analysts, but today’s BPEL process models are for the most part undecipherable to non-programmers.”
- Bruce Silver, “The 2006 BPMS Report: Understanding and Evaluating BPM Suites”
42 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Design Interchange vs. Executable
XPDLDesign Tool A
ExecutionEngine A
BPEL,XPDL,
or someengine
specific format
Design Tool B
ExecutionEngine B
BPEL,XPDL,or someengine specific format
X
This path
generallynot possible tosupport
43 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
How BPEL and XPDL RelateBPEL is an “executable” language
– Includes only executable operations
– Does not contain the graphical diagram
Many Engines have proprietary formats– They have a design tool
– Even BPEL engines have proprietary extensions
XPDL is a design interchange format that represents the graphical diagram– Includes metadata about executable aspects
It is generally not possible to design a process with a tool from one vendor and execute it in another vendor’s engine– But exchange between design tools is possible
44 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Ven
dor
B
Vendor C
Process Design Ecosystem
Design Tool
Design Tool
ModelingTools
OptimizationTools
SimulationTools
ExecutionEngine
ExecutionEngine
BPELor someengine
specific format
BPELor someengine specific format
Repository(XPDL)
Vendor A
Vendor D
ASAP
Wf-XML
45 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Process Design EcosystemAn ecosystem of process tools at design level:
– Business oriented and developer oriented modelers
– Simulation tools & optimization tools– Analysis tools– Professional business modeling tools– Conversions to/from other formats like Visio
XPDL is a common standard interchange format between these tools
Each tool extends XPDL for its use– Tools understand a common subset of each other– All tools understand basics; the graphical diagram
46 May 22-24, 2007
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XPDL Support in Market
47 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Over 60 XPDL Implementations…Adobe –
Adobe LiveCycle Workflow ADVANTYS - WorkflowGenAmazonas WorkflowAppian - EnterpriseArachnea - EverSuiteAscentn - AgilePoint ServerAspose Pty Ltd - Aspose.WorkflowBOC - ADONIS 3.7BEA - FuegoBrein BV - InProcesBonita v2.0Box UK - AmaxusCanto - CanFlowCapeVisionsCARNOT - Process EngineCHALEX - BPM FrameworkComActivity Cubetto ToolsetDessault Systems - ENOVIAEclaire Group –
Lynx Flow DesignerEMC Documentum -
ApplicationXtender WorkflowEmpresa Solutions - Kinnosa
WorkflowEnhydra Shark
OpenPagesOracle - 9i Warehouse BuilderPentahoProjekty Bankowe Polsoft –
BPB WorkflowProforma Corporation - ProVisionRodan Systems - OfficeObjects®
WorkflowSimprocessSoftware AG- crossvision BPMSpeechCycle - LevelOneTIBCO® - Staffware Process SuiteTogether Workflow EditorTransware - AmbassadorVignette –
Process Workflow ModelerW4 - BPM SuiteWfMOpenWorkflow::WfmcWorkflow4rZAPLET 3 - PROCESS BUILDERZynium - Byzio
Enhydra JaWEFinantix Studio (FXS)
Fujitsu - Interstage BPM
FileNet - Process ManagerGA CommunicationsGlobal 360 –
Business Optimzation ServerHOGA.PLIBM - FileNetIDS Scheer –
Business ArchitectIntegic –
e.POWER WorkManagerInterwoven - WorkRoute MPInfor - SSA Baan, SSA BPCS, SSA
MANMAN, SSAMasterpieceITP-Commerce –
Process Modeler ProfessionalIT PearlsjawFlowJenz & Partner GmbHKaisha-Tec - AvantageMetoda S.p.A - OpenMet BPMFMindfire SolutionsNautica Open Business Engine
48 May 22-24, 2007
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FutureBPMN
– BPMI has become part of OMG• BPMN will be further developed within OMG.
XPDL– WfMC will continue to maintain XPDL– Will update based on
• BPMN evolution• Implementers comments
BPEL– Soon ratified standard from OASIS
49 May 22-24, 2007
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Reuse Existing Process InfrastructureSales Process on Server A
Draft AproveLegal
ReviewClose
ContractSpecialist
TortSpecialist
ExecAnalyst
• Legal Review Process on Server B
Wf-XML& ASAPbased on SOAP
Standard Protocol between process engines allows oneprocess to reuse anotheracross technologies.
50 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Finding BPMN, XPDL and BPEL Info
WfMC Website– http://www.wfmc.org– http://www.wfmc.org/standards/XPDL.htm
OMG Website– http://www,omg.org– http://www.bpmn.org
OASIS Website– http://www.oasis-open.org/
51 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Finding XPDL-Related InformationWorkflow Handbook 2003:
– XPDL and BPMN– XPDL in Action
Workflow Handbook 2004:– Workflow Service Provider with XPDL
Workflow Handbook 2005: – A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business
Process Modelling
Workflow Handbook 2006:– XPDL 2.0: Integrating Process Interchange and BPMN
Workflow Handbook 2007:– BPM and Service-Oriented Architecture Teamed Together
CDROM Companions – XPDL 2.0 specification with xpdl samples
52 May 22-24, 2007
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SummaryNew structure for enterprise applications
– Separate “who” & “when”– From “what” & “how”
Key Benefits:– Business Level Control & Agility– Visibility: Monitoring & Tracking– Reuse & Adapt
Standards are key to interoperability– BPMN – the graphical notation– XPDL – the file format for design interchange
53 May 22-24, 2007
Washington Dulles HiltonThe Business Transformation Conference
Thank YouThank YKith D SwensonVP Fujtisu Computer SystemsTechnical Committee Chair, WfMC
Contact Information:+1 408 859 1005kswenson@us.fujitsu.com
ou Process Thought Leadership
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