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amvwvents. the peuce cosgress. -- sqciety that …...no n,an "wilh red blood in lils...

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  • Amvwvents. THE PEUCE COSGRESS. -- Sqciety That …...No n,an "wilh red blood in lils x-eins" gdjfl permir meJety to nvenge all his wrougs: when he deec, why, the flnn hfrlievers lu
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Amvwvents. AERIA1. CARDF.v -- B 30 The Heneymoor.era. ALHAMBIU- - .."^i'^\il>. Blti4jHT4ix Brigntoa BeaOj Park. SAN'ARSIE Golden ASINO- K.tr, Fasolr.atlng FI'ra. Cunkv islaXD Luna Parb Piaainlanfl 1 -' Arer.a. EDKN MUSEE The WorM in W«t. GA-jUICK '.:.<.' .-a>jRi;t !.: the Jlain. HAMMKRPTEIX ROOF 2 IS S:15 VouJevli'.e. HEHAI.T. KQUARE- B:15 The OrcWd. XARP1N DE PARIP C-.30 V«;i,» L.TKIC.g:tt.Tha Roa<l to Veaterday. ItADieOK BQl'ARE ROOF GABDKX <dM> Tha MJU4J end the Milll-.nairp. tsAVOY.S:tt -The Man of the Hosr. ST. KICHOLAS GARDEN v Kalteahorn Consert Index to Advertisenicnis. Pagi ¦-¦ aa- Amu»etcen,i> .12 fl'Furnlslied Iliuseg to Au-ti n Belea. v 1 Ir?t Oountry. 8 BankTE & Rtekef. .M lilnetractloa .¦ ¦; Suelneaa Chmcaa. 14 1 ICarriaarea * Paaxha.. B-* Carnet riraataa.« ' Ofll e Flxtnrea .» City Beftela. b : -.n Btaanera. IJ J Clty proprTy for Propocala . }'- r4. ¦aOa S B Putattc Notloaa-12 S-« Obpartnerahlp Ko- Rallroods . ¦ j~J .il l Real Eatata.f .¦* Country pT4.i*r.y f r fnvincs H.-inks.*i f, . 8 l . ' '' De.^ks Bad orT:,~e Ftetunl >.' i .j* *' Purnlture .9 1 H.: '*¦.¦ « I .11 2-S BarroBSte'a Ko«lcca..ii B-e T> .n.4.-«tio S'TuaMona Turf.1- ° wiastea n r.-s t-> Whom it »¦» , En'.r;"^:':.! Aser,- Cooeern ... .''' * e*ae .fi 2 To t^t for Buatoesa Tx"Tiion* .s 4 purpooea . H | ^ <1 1 Trlhsna Bobserlptlon Plaanrati Iferrtnga 10 l Hiitc? . ' . !} Furclahed !:¦-..:.-.«. to Troat Ounpantea.-. - Lat fi 1 T. rk Wanted.9 *-° H'l Wamed .... 9 " Xm^tnk ?UmI» &rilmn& UONDAY. JULY 1, 1907. This ajnangjBgfxr ,'* otcned c»d published Irj the Tribune Asso^oiinn, a Xcic York oorporo- fton; o/ff<"e o;<I prinripal p'.arc of bgjtneM, Trib- vne Builaivc. Vo. 134 InggMaj tfreef, Vetc York ; Ggdm MHU>. president; Xathcniel Tuttle. aeo retiry aiul tr> ntvrcr. Th* tddretm of the offl¬ cers is the nfT.rf of this uewtpaffr. c ~= THE VEWB T1I1X MORMXG. FOREIGN..The French government ordered an elc.tion in Bezicrs to fill the pla^ea of the municinal ofheera v ho resigned after the wine .rrowerj' detnoostratloit, but both candidates and yf-ters boycotted the electlon bootha. The report of "a ceiUafea betereen the French battle- «h;p Jaur^guiberry and a torprdo boat destiojrer was denied =^r=: Troops have been forced to chargc to ^i<atect aaurkeia in the strike troublea In the proetece of l-'errara, Italy. r.nd many per- eir.s have been injured, in-ludin^ sromen, who were the tnrst atotott demonatrators. == A ;iortrait of Pope Plus X hns been com- pleted by A. IL I'ry. of Now York. with which the Pope haa espreaeed much satisfaction. Abb4 Kelix Klem. the French clerical author, aailed for this country 4->n Baturday to delhrer a series of lecturea :n Chicag..- and to apeak ^,t Cbautauque nnd other places. === The trlal cf Kar! Hnu, former profess4ir at George \Yash- Ington Uafreraity, on the charge of murdering his mother-in-law. Frau htolltor, wili begin on July 17. and rnc-ntal irresnonribility is cxpected to play a part in his defence. = The head of the Caoaorra, Er.rico Alfar.o. was taken to Turin from Havre. hasiag been extradited from I"rar.ce. DO>rEgTIC.The report that Jackson Rmith Mvould rcsign from the Panama Canal Commis- aior. was denied ln Washington. == American ofrlcers could sve r.o ground for the reported ob- 3ecti-:r!S at The Hague to the new "spitz" bullet. t-It was learned ln Pittsburg that the Fnit.-d Btatca Steel Corpotation plans to rej.iace en- gir.fs .rorth mtlUona in crde- to cheapen the cost of producticn. The captore of twenty-nine Japanese seal poachers on St. Paul's Island by the revanae cuiter Perry was reported in San I'rancisro. . Francis Murphy. the -.veli know n temperance lecturer, dled in Los Angelea. Pr.ul Kelly, wanted in this city to answer charg^s gro".;;-! r out of the elevated wreck iT- Baptember, IW5. sraa arreated in San Fnn'.sco. :-L'ading New Orleans Italianp r anlaed to clrive ,-,ut oimlnala of their natlatM'. TThe Fall Blver Lirie steamer Fur^n ia:: into a::d badly damaged a schoone*- off K Alkner's iFiaT'i'.-m-frife fifeund; zfre crc=,v of 'h._ seh>oner we:-- rescoed tsith dlfRculty. a Jfhe pteamer Persian. bound from Phlladelphia to Boston, was ln eoUiston with another Bteamer (n Vlneyard L-iJr. Henry Frladanwald. pre^ident of the FfedBrnavtlon cf American Zionists. d^fended the /Cionis's at the openlng sesslon of the eon- n of the federatton at fannersvflle, N. Y. riTT.There was little change in the strike an:ong the Btreet Cleaning Department drivers; city ottcJals made everj' effort to have the gar¬ bage piles rem .vf?d. ===== Alderraan Kuntze was canii-- I out 1 t by f rry house eni- aft»r a quarre] over the payment "f Bare Varioua clvlc organizationa arfete a letter blm to see that the were cleaned regardlesa I .. ; Prederfc k L" Roy Bargent wrote ln favor of th? columbir.e a? the Datvonal flower. ===== The city has eatabhshed tetanua antitoxin atations. it was learned, ba pceparatlon frr vfetlms of the cel*-br&Ti^n on Thr- Fourth.-Ice depota un¬ der r ction were establiahed by the xrldiT. Ice Company. ==: The lists of elec- .i affld lended by the Etepubllcan Democratlc organizationa for appointm' r.t ij'<»r>'\ of Electiona wii! be Bled to-day. it was announeed. ===== Longshcremen employed I by the Cuaard Line weat oa strike, demandlng 6i cents an l.'.ur for Bunday work. -=== In- e in demurrage rarc-s on the New Baven end the B aine roads may cause the of i oth roads from the Railway Ar- learaad. THE WF.ATHER.-Ir.dications for to-day: Tair. Th-- ,re yeaterday: Highest, 71 Aegrees; los est, F>1. TFc defire to rcmini our readers urho are chout to \avc the cit'j thnt The Tribune viil bc aeaf by :nail to any address in this country cr abrood. aad tddreaa dtoa#ed <>s often aa de- tircd. Subsnijfii'jiis may bc 'jiven to your reg- *lar dealer before h'crinj, or, if more OOMJgav « ' and them in ut The Tribune Offiee £ee appoaffe p-^.ge for aabarrfptfaa ratcs. .1 VEW PRPCBDEYT. The ur.written lav.- d'-es not st:i;i."t gtUL It groara r.s tbe statutcs do <.r the "juilzo-mndc" law does. The case just <li Med in Vir^inia C!.irk>; a Etzide ln adranee, lt la now aatab- tMkeol tbere that if i daoghter tella bor Catber toiiie icau has arouyd her be may p» <>v.t and fill tbat man full <>f tmetrahot.that :>. he uny !f be has aa attgek of laaaaity forthwlth; tor lt is not dear fham tUi < aso arbether or nor. if tlie fatliei's ineiitii: eqnljlbrltim is midhrtnrbed by tlie Ktorj-. lie agaj sally fortb as an gtrenger with the tnthe :.$.,».-' >va] of tbe cominuaity. Ortnir.ly if be toeki ''ajanaoally pnle" when !:.' talK-s down tbe bUalb/ gbetguu from its nail, aud if h:s record as a i^r.is-jinor of Btrong drlnk la adequate. lie h:m a llornajii from Virginia ao- ciety as the ebejnpiea of home aanctlty. Whether the yotmt v,oUir,u-s Worv (S true <.r false nitikes not tbe siightest dnTerence A ao- ciety that igea not Inatat ou a state tnqnlry Into the evMaaaee before egacajthw uaturaiiy wonld riot dea:and that tl)«- nvenrer waste hi« tinio tiiron a private hiquiry. The holy fihotgun must not be retarded on !ts summary errnnd by aaere formal;tlos. T.) :,su tbat the aaengjer gboold nt ; lirt^t lii-sure hftfH <>t the jiiKtice of his caur.e would be to Infringe ang^r's arirfaage <if oours? the miwrUten law encourages uiur- fler. but, then. there Is n flrm and erldety bt-id bflafef that tnurder is the inninctay and ancient geep of eiviJiztitioi,. Uttboot it uian wou'd eink to denths arblcb his gflf ITaHCiCt revoits ?.t cocteniphitlng. No n,an "wilh red blood in lils x-eins" gdjfl permir meJety to nvenge all his wrougs: when he deec, why, the flnn hfrlievers lu the BjeaejaJty 0f murder wili deapalT of hu- ntanity's fatbve, C'ivilized man wlll let sc»clety take care of tbe tJiicf arbo sieals his goods, the man who ajgaden away hit* repuiatlon or the man wbo slays th,^ae n»-:ir and dear to him; hut the man whom some woman aoeaaea, fttatty or tinjustly, that man must l»e munh-red hy ¦ member of her fmiillv. Then- are wrougs whose nx'Uital a mau't Bense of tbe ptaee he fills ln tbe eyes of his nelghbora eom^ls him to take Into his own haada, The unariiieu Inw is fonnded on tbia arldety diffuswl opinion thnt DQurder la a thinp which a rnau of fine fionsibili- tte* cannot get along without. >o; oaJy ie murder encouraged by the de- eision of the Vlrginia Jury, but perjury is properly encouraged along wlth it. If private rengeance is to bo recogniaed it will be ex- tremely hnndy tn explaln an act of rengeance ujinn th<' ground that aotne weman in wliom tbe areuger bad a oatural Intereat told blm a story v.lii.-li made blm grow "extremoly pale" and reacfa for the .hotgun. No man of fice senslbilitles will doubt a aroman'a word; to murder la mocta more boaorable; ar.d no jury of Sne Benalbilitiea wil! doabt it eitber. l be story may In some cases be an afterthought to make the bomldde justinable under the unwrlt- tea law, bul ir iinist not be or sn to questlon. The unwrltteo law must be kept free from tbe reanements, anbtletlea and rulea of erldenc s thst characterize the written law Perjury is I miaoondoct unknown to it. Tbe written law I should properly treat perjury as a possibillty. But a law made for gentlemen of flne aensibili- tiea may safeiy ignore perjury. PRIVATE PBOPEBTY AT 8EA. The L'nited States undoubtedly occuj lea Btrong ground at The Hague ln its advocacy of tbe ezetnptlon of private property at sea from capture in war. lt h:is. to begiu with. the advautage of a consistency whlcb lras at rarions thnea been strongly Impressed upon the world. 4a we bave already recalled, it was becauae of i;s advocacy of that princlple, and becauae of the unwlUlngneea of European powera tn aceept it. that t'ns country declined to become a parry to the Dcclaration of Paris i;i 1856. That Declaration began v. i111 tbe pro- rialon th:ir there should be no more prlvateer- ing. Agrccd." said Anierica, "if you will also "provide that there shall be no more prejing "upon private commerce." .No.'" said Europo, "private ships may l>e eelaed, but they must "not right." At that America declined to sign the treaty, bolding that if private ressels were to suffer the patns of war they should also ex- erclse Its privilegea. Senhor Barbosa, a Bra- zilian delegate ;ti The Hague, further showed last week that that principle was advocated by this country long before 1856, and that it is beld by practlcally all the American republics. That the American proposal would be an- tagonized waa expected, tbough perhaps few expected that it would he chieny oppoeed by Russla. We reviewed in these columns the other day me elaborate and Impresslvi.but not convincing.argumenta agalnsl it which one of our Coremost American authoritJes, Captaln Btahan. has put fortb. Mr. Jullan S. Corbett id "Th** XLnoteenth Ceutury." also argues against It from the Britisb point of vjcw. nnd we no- tice that so sane and temperate a Journal as "The Bpectator," of London, commits [tself to the same vlew of the case, partly on general prindplea and partly for the spoi-ial sake of P.ritish Intereata. The late Bir William Har- court is also quoted most emphatically against the exemption of private commerce from capt¬ ure, on the ground that "there is no securlty "in war unless we are Btrong for offence as "well as defence." Xevertbeless, support of the proposal is now stronger than there seemed ground for expectJng it t<> be a few daya :iiro. Austria-IIungary and Itniy were last ereek openry dec'arod to be in favor of Lfe and there is reason for thinldng that Qgpat Britaln and Germany may ultJmate)y/<*** the same ground. As for the oppositloa eipressed by Russia, we have yet to lear* lvs preciae crounds; and it waa at any ra^ somewhat discredited ln ad- rance by '-je raminder that Russia formerly favored *&. American principle. We Jtust add thnt. while some, of the argu- nir-its against the exemption of private prop- irty are impresslve and worthy of careful con- glderation. others are quite speeious and Inef- fective. Thus wn find "Tlie Bpectator" gravely stating that "for a maritlme power to give up "the right of capturing privnto property at sea "fa anaiogous to a land power giving up the "ritrht to heleasuer cltlea. If the rlsht of oapt- "ure at 6ea is abandoned, then to make the "analogy real and complete the powers ought '!.» agree that in the case of land sieges only j "government wagons and government property "shall be prevented entering eities und>rgouig .siege, and that tbe roads in nnd out thall be "kept free for private tradera." Not bo. for lt ls not proposed to aholish the risht to bloekade ¦ port, any more than that to hesiego a city. and there is no thought of exempting bloekade runnera from capture. It is already a well es- taMished principle that a bloekade to be legal must be effective, and not a mere pap<-r proc- iamatJon. Tl-.o American proposal wlth regard to private commerce is a logical extenslon of that principle, namely, that in order to bave a richt to suppress its cneray's commerce a bel- li^rrent must establish effective control of the 9-i'H. If it is able to hlockade Its enemy's porta, it can stop that enemy's commerce, private as well as ofiieini, just a? it may besiege a city if it has control of the land around it. But faiiing to bloekade the on^my's iiorts eff'v.'- Ovely, it cannot send commerce destroyers to the high seas to prey upon commerce. any more than ii rouid send raiding parties across coun¬ try to seiz". nnd destroy private property there. On tho tvhop'. the lozic of the case seemsto be on the American side. and we shall not be surprir-ed to find great maritime powers con- cluding that their lndividual interests also lie on the same side. TTtr.EX AXD THEIR FOES. There la a glearn of hope in the action of a local court in flning two firms of contractors for damasin^ trc-es hy soorching them alth heat and smi'ke from their engines. It was rigfateous action, and it might to tidvantajre l.e repeated many times in this and neigbboring eltleB. Proteats against the destruction or mutllation of treea by the ctrlnrring of electrie wir<'S are being made in the elty of Newark. That suh- Ject is one to which attentlon has frequently been called in these columna, and is of perti- nence and. Indeed, of urgenry lu various parts of th<- metropoliton diatrlct Snnn' flagrant cases <.f wholeaale randallsm have occurred ia the suburhan parts of the Borough of Queens, in tiie DOrtbem part of Yonkcrs and ln the outskirts of the dty of Suiiiniit. N. .7.. \< here the fmest <>f ahade trecs. aome on the publlc roads and aome on private property, but overhanging tho roads. were ruthleaaly backed and slashed and eitber kllled or bretrievably rulned ti> make r<>om for wlres which might a.s easily have been strung elsewhere, and avenues once h"aut!ful have heen recdered hideous. In some vr.<iti whote treerops have been mt off: in oth¬ ers all ihe branches have been shorn from one fclde <'f the trees, and in still others the wlres have beeu run among and fastencd to the branrbes so as to cut and kill them by chaiiiig or hy scorchlng them with slray currents of electrldty. It is a melancholy thing to see such practices tolerateil In clvilized communlttes, nnd it is u hitter comment upon the offectiveness of ottr | Arbor Day ohservances and the activlties of our tr*.*e planting assoepitions These latter ngeu- cies are dolpg excellent work. T:ut the tree killers are undolng lt, souietlmes even uiore rapidly. It ls admirahle to plant a young tree wlth h a generation henoe will nfford grateful Sfaade. Bat In less time than it takes io plant lt a gang of wlre slringers with axe and aaw will destroy or reduee to a useless and an unsightly wreck a nohle tree that afler half a eeulury's Kro\vth is ln Its prime of henuty ojifl of scrvlce. And If coniniunities will not. protect tlie trees which they already have. where is the uaa in planting more? Wa would not. however. stiggt st tiiat the work of tree planting should he Btopped. ():i the contrary. it shoul<l he still more "igorously and extensively pressed. But with at least equal rigor there should he pressed the work of a sort of arborasl rigUabce committee, in ea- forcjng wiih inexornble strictness the law for the protection of trces. and if ne*d be In *wuj. ing the enaetnient of still more strlngent laws. There certalnly is need ef a fuller recognition and a more effective eonaervatlon of hoth publlc and private property rights in treea. At present to smaah a window or to deface a buikling is regarded} as a far more serious mlsdemeanor than mercly to tlp the haxk or lop branches from u tree. Set the damage to tbe bullding may he fuily repaired in an bour, while that to the tre<« is irreparabte. OVERCOMIKQ INBTIUCTS. \dvice. in order to Influence Igaorant people, must come from a higb, reeognlaed authorlty. and the eouueellor should have a tltle and wear a uniform. Recogulzing tbls. cbarity workers will begin this week an educational crusade for tl... benefll of ignoranl mothers on the East Side by Bendlng a corps of twenty uniforme* tralned nurses Into the tenement bouses and to the recreatlon plers. Thanks to a glft from Mr. Rockefeller, these twenty counsellora will be able to conduct a campalgn of Indeflnite lengtb ii, me mteresi of maltreated chlklren. To make tbelr tidvice still more authorltatlve, the citv bas agreed to station physlclans at the recreatlon plera to relnforce the snggestlons of tbe counsell irs. \ good beglnning. this, but let us hope it is only a beglnning. There is work enough for a reglment of sucb advlsers, so prevalent and stubborn a thlng is Ignorance made strong by Instlnct The East Side is not the only mls- Blonarr field ln town. Wbo has not met at lea j| one woman of reflnement and meana who feeds ber two-year-old son plum pndding? There is a limltless Beld open to the phllanthro- piat who ls wllllng to spend his money overcom- Ing sucb "Instlncts." if a Uttle more money were Bpent tn this end, perhnps the need for many other charities would cease. 77/1 r ADTOMOBILE RECORD. It produces an uncanny feeliag to read that nn Englislnnan has just been swept througb 1,581 milea of space In twenty-four boura ln an automoblle The stanehest seagull drlven slong by the stlffesi <:-uif Btream burricane conld bardly hope to match that record. Our Xew Tork-Chb ago flyers lag In comparison with the apeed of Mr. Edge's machlne, which conld trace the entire lengtb of the earth's equator in less than Bixteen daya if some blllionaire club would bulld ii track slong that path. Had Columbus possessed the me hanlcal and geo- grapblcal advantages which tbe Englisb auto- mobiiist enjoyed ne would bave chugged in upon tbe red tndians about two daya and five hours after bavtng wept hi* adieus t<> Ferdlnand and [sabella. If our present transatlantic lin:-rs could schieve th Edge pace, I'hiladei- phia Sunday schoola might hold their annual outings in Spitzbergen, while New Torkera, pes- tered by mutinous garbage collectora and Ice men, might commute between Canada and Man hattan during bostilities. There is an air of reallty about a twenty-four hour record which the terrific one or two mile spurts on the Florida beaches lack entiroiy. Sh«irt diatance races against time do not unpresa the observcr profoundly with the tremendous practlcal posslbilitiea of the automoblle nnd Its type of engine. But a machlne which from one dawn to the next traverses s dlstanca equal to balf the breadth of the contlnent makes the w'lde.-t thlngs seem credible, aven though a perfectly adjusted racetrack was the Bcene of the record breaklng. Tho slgniflcant thlng in Mr. Edge's performance was his use of an ordinary flrst dass touring car. Thia meana that with a network of twentieth cen- tury automoblle roads as carefnlly sulted to the needs of motora ss tbe Boman roads were to the needs of the lagions any sedate citizen niight expatrlate bimself between meals. If auch an era <<f timeleas transpoitation ls comlng, it ought, perbapa, to be poatponed untn the present generation has soh its watches and clocks to the Zulua and the Cblnese. OOYERNMEKT HY mSUBAXOB. At this hour. when everybody is still weary from the rbn of insurance reform, lt may seem like an 11] timed joke to suggest that Insurance companles, so far as thoir actlvltles reach, are a pretty good form of popular c>>vernment. Conslder tbe auccesa of the tire insurance com- i ln securlng from the Appellata Pivision of the Bupreme Court a declslon 'noiding elec- trlcal companles liahle f.»r damages doae by their wires. In an Important case just flnished. after a costly Btruggle laating sevan years, the defendant company h.'is beei .mpelled to pay Bubatantlal damages to the «. nplainsnt Insur¬ ance companles becauae a bullding in The Bronx waa set on tire by poorly Insulated wires which had been Improperly attaehed to tli*_* bullding by tiie electrical company without the consent of the owner of the burned strneture. The general rullng banded down by tbe court ls of great value to prop rty owners, Defectlve Insulation and wlrea cause damage amounting to iiix'ut $25,000,000 annually to bulldlngs in the United States. Indivlduals whose buslness and general welfare have \>-cn serlously affected by negllgent and trespaaslng eleetricsl companles bave usually endured their losses in sllenca rather than rlsk tedious and costly lltlgatlon, in which the defendant- corporations had the ad¬ vautage of wealtb and expert attorneys, Were it not for the medern Insurance Bysteni/tbe day of reckoning for the offenders might have b**?n Indeflnltely poatponed. Happily, lt profits an Insurance company to suppreaa evils and to place the blame and responsiblllty for mishaps where they belong; and, l<y the co-operatlon of many policybolders, lll.eral funds for llghting negllgent and crimlnaJ corporations are rateed. Insurance companles are daily exercialng strooger control over Infringera upon private and publlc rights, ar.d they do tiiis simply by maklng the guilty partles pay for fire.s. acei- dents, deatba and embezzlements, From how many more evils may tho world eventually be delivered by an extenslon of this metbod? Will the day ever come when powerful corporations will insure cltizena against quacka, Incompetent offlclals, excesslre taxes, poor atreetcar aervice, bad llluminating giis and Impure food. and when men will therefore cease slnning against their bretbren, knowlng full well that a soul- less corporatlon is ready to spend buge sums iu securing justice fur its offended pollcyholdersl .1MEB1CAN SyOBBlSBXESB. Bnobbisbness is still as difflcult to define as It was when Thackeray confessed his inabllity to give the word's preclse meanlng. But, now as then, snobbishness is the oasiest tliing in tho world to recognize ln others and the bardeat to dlscover in one's self. Becauae of this last fact every American should asb bimself wbether be has adopted a "come-and be-saved" attitude toward foreign countries. And if he concludes tb,at be baa he will do well to con- t>ider wbether it is the nationa] menace that Profeaaor L. B. Rowe, of the Universlty of Fenn- aylvania, makes it out to i>e. ln the current number of "The North American Bevlew" Pro¬ feaaor Rowe aays on tliis snbject: "The sllght- "est dlvergence froni our form of governmeul is "regarded as a stamp of Inferlorlty. American "publlcations conatantiy dweJl on the supposed "inabillty of tbe people of South Anierica to "develop free Institutions.a purely gratuitons "assumption, which has never heen supported "by a seriona scientiflc investigatlon.'' Tho wrlter asserts that our countrymen as- sume toward foreigners, eapeciaUy Latlns, a euperior missionary nir which hinders the do- velopment of close relations between this coun¬ try and others; that our baughtlnesa makes our exportera caroless of the foreigners* wishea and. alas! now and then "mny rivo" or too tiloky for the buyers' comfort. If so, it is not only bad mannsrs but ljpiorauee, and, ahove all, lt does not pay. Probably the natlonal isolation which Professor Rowc thinks may come as a result of this ar- rogance is ¦ bogle, for tbe marketa of the w.ulil need the Unlted states too Borely as buyer and s"ller to iot anobblahnesa toterfere wltb friendly relations. Kevertholetn, there is a gentrine danger In the snobbtoh nttltnde, as British mercbanta profesa to have diecovervd, to tbeir Borrow and peeunlary los:~'' when the obliglng Contfnenta] tradera wreeted from them by mere courtegy and respect for "inferlor races" a large slice of forelgn trade. MONEY AND BV8INE88. With Ita cust4.mary dlsregard of nonnal in- fiuencs. tha aeeurity market recovered vtgor- ously laat week just when aanaattoaal r-ports of injury produced a aharp rise in wheat and preasure ln connection with haif-yearly settle- n,outs carried call money up to 12 rer cent. There were no other developmenta of Pignifl- oance. hut manlputatora cvidently consldered the time propitioua for a concerte.I attark on th.e ahort account, and enforced covering helped to advance the avorr.ge of tho slxty rr..>st active railway sccurities $2 a share, to the hlghest point since May 24. A little buylng in antkipa- tlon of the lnvestment of July dividenda pro- vided tbe only real business. but speculative activity Increased d.tily averago salcs to 400.000 Bhares. againsl 'J<m>.Oim> in th.e precedlng week. London took a little more interest. but it is not possihle to tell iegitlmate forelgn buylng from speculative ordera cabled from this side. Sccu¬ rities received a setback when the local municl- pal bond lasue failed to receivo blda for 10 per cent of the amount offered. This emphatio evt- dent-o of tho monetary situntion checked any speculative enthusiasm that might have been dev, loplng, an.i th.e market fell constdembly be- low the highOBt prlcea of tho week. High rates for call loana were to be expected just prior to the July dlvidend distrtbution, and the recent outgo of gold augmented the preas¬ ure. S4. that lt wr.s r.ot surpr'.slng to have ratea rise to 12 per i-ent on Fridny. There was no perceptible change ln tcrm aeconimodation, whlch had already touched exceptional quota- tlons for loans carrying over the January perlod of Btringency. Bxporta of gold ceaaed when the movemeni aggregated l24.80O.O0fA ratea of ex- ch tnge declinlng ln reaponae to offerings of financa bUls. These aterllng louns were late In appearlng. owing to forelgn uncertainty regard- Ing the Bubsequent outgo of graln and cotton. but confldence was restored the more rapidly when money ratea made this market attractive to lenders. European banks wlthdrew the spe- cial indueement of remlttlng interest on gold in transit, altbougfa tho leading Inatitutlona abroad dld not make very atrong exhibits. Federal flnancea for the fls.-al year supplied even more than the expected surplus, but gross stocks of (Old fell below tha high water mark to the ex- tent. of the quantity exported. General business has Increaaed under the Btimulua of hlgh temperature, mucb tardy trade ln aummer fabrlca being tranaacted at a later date than uaual, and midstimmer dulnesa wlll not be falt at the cuatomary time. The pitua- tion is much more encouraglng, now that favor- able reporta from the farma are in a large ma- Jorlty, few dlaturbtag statements having ap- peared ln the last fortnlght. Paymenta are rompt. and many retallerB have dlsposed of spring storks that lt waa feared would bo carried over. In Bom< ipplementary or¬ dera have appearcd. althougb ao late ns to be unexpected. and another good stgn is the re- plaeing of many caacallad ordera for fall and wtnter merchandlae. The Prst half cf 1907 has ised early expectatlona, the voiume of bank exchangea ahowlng a BUhstantlal gain ln total transartl.ns as compared wlth the corre- Bpor.ding slx niomhs of laat year. It is neces- eary to elimlnate New York clearings in thla comparlaon. owlng to the decreaaed speculative activity. Even with proper allowance for an abnormaliy baekward pprlng aaaaon Iegitlmate bualneaa has made a remarkable record. ErraTic fluctuatlons contlnue at tho leading commodlty ex^hang4-s. speculative n-.anlpu'.atlon produc'.ng moveroenta often wldely at vnrlance wlth normal nifirket lntluen.es. After Bharp char.^es in both dlre :tlona the prica of mtddling uplnnds cotton at this i ity hehl cloae tO |63 a ba!", a flsrure that would aeem fully to dlseount tlie amallest estlmat* Inal crop. Thero is Bupport ln the phenomenal activity i, Bmaller ;r for the week and larger exports. Whlla tha tot .'. visihio supply :s the largesl I :i any year of the i.ist rata of decrease in recent waaka hi pld than in any year. The eaee with « !. July r were abaorbed li .' trn '¦¦ U m t the speculative lendera for tno long account Wheat rose violently on Thuraday ln r< to some dlspatchea telltng of wu ln aectiona where harvestlng had b, gun and bv k cf m .:.-'- ure in tho Northweet where lt was needed, and one trade expert predlcted that the leading wlnter wheal states would not aapure half a crop. Unhiassed roturna, however, mnde tho outlook less gloomy, nnd best prlcea wcro not malntalned Reporta from the leadmn Induatrlea are al- most unanlmous in statlng that the mldyear Bhutdown for rapalra and ato. k takjng wlll ba brief. large ordera calllng for fuij operation <«f machinery for some time t.. come. At cotton milla the amount of forward bualneaa givea a firm tone to quotatlons. and tha Ructuattona ln raw materlal attract little a-t4ntion. Buyera Bnd that proper provhdoa has not been made for requirementa, and early deltvertea cannol be eacured in many line* This Increasea tho dtaposltlon to pian for next asaaona bualneat carlier than usual. but manufa.turers are atlU cautlous regardlng Bnaculatton nnd seek to avoid the embarraasment of cancellatlona later in the year. Kxp4»rts of cottons are amall, but the Chlneae market is improving and there la a better feeling in this department. Woollen milla glve moro attention to aampla offerincs ..f the new clip. and the aentlment is dlatlnctly stronger. The domestie wo.il market ls nlso supported b> the sltuation at London, where th.,, auctlon sale thla week promlaea to open wltb merlnoa aalllng 5 per cent hlgher than nt tho previoua sai-. New business constantly comea to tlie overcrowded Bteel milla. and there are no weak Bpota ln that Induatry. Meltera timl tbat requirementa of plg Iron have not been fully provlded for. and much business ls done by the furnacea. which are maklng new recorda of pro- ductlon for tha aeaaon. Althougb there w,s fear of labor troublea, few wage araiea remala nnalgned, nnd an early settlement of dlsputcd questions ti antlclpated. Mr. Roger Bulltvan, of Ulbiaia, who has been read out of the party more than onca, steps up Wlth a deflnltlon of a r>emo4-rnf. Tho tronble With all thesa deflnftloni is that they try to make the word Deroocrat wlth a blg »jy covor all that the word democral with a little "M" covers besldes, of course, tho persoruU fancles of the definer. If a party could be reorulted by'defl- nltlon. if every democrat w.iul.l ..nly Vote the Democratlc tlcket, overwhelmlng vlctorlea would be eaay. Hut it wlll noi do. A Democrat ls not 8 dcm..<rat. He |a a man who was a Democrat and has been able to stund it. -a- Peary expecta to start for the K(irth a Uttlo later this year than he orlglnally tntended. If the aummer abonld make up for lost time In the Arctlc regions. as it la trying to do in temperate latitudes. he wili probably experience little em- barrassment in forcing his ahlp into desirable winter quarters. a The man with an elephant on his handa ls probably congratulatlng blmself that he lan't the American Museum of Natural History, with its 00-foot dinosaur. a-¦ A blow at one of our ancient abuses was struck the other day by the Police Department when tlie swarm of lawyers' "rimners" were Informed that they would no longer beallowed to consult the accldent records. By this prohibl- tlon shystera are deprived to some extent of the opportunlty of persuading accident vlettms to go to court for "redress." and if the new rule la rigidly cnforced the custom of suing any cor¬ poratlon ln sight at the time of an accident will become less prevalent. In reply to numerous corresnondcnts we would eay that although there ia a aurplaa Of |8T.- 000,000 ln its treasury the Uncle Sam Mutual Benefit Company will not Imitato the Adams Kxpress Company by cuttlng a melon. Sioux Falls is dolng a rushing divorco bnsX- ness pending a stiffeninsr up of South Dakota's dlvorce laws. The Leglslature passed a stricter law, but lt has to go to the people on a refer- endum. MeanwhUe, tremendoua business. It ia salrl that Pouth Dakotans are sericus In their resolution to check the export dlvorce cvil. They are actually going to insist that unhappy visitors from elsewhere ehall stay a whole year ln tho state before gettlng their freedom from the chains. PERSOXAL. Charles Terry Treadway has be«n elec.ted presl¬ dent of the Fr!?'oI iConn.) Natlonal Bank to flll the vaeaney caused by the death of Edward Butler Punbar. Mr. Tmadwell, who hna been vlce-presi- dent of tbe Inatltution for aome time. la only twenty-ntne yeara old. Abdul Hamld, the Pultan of Turkey, hna a hobby for cnrpentry and cablnet work. IWore he came t« the threnc. and when there seemed Uttle proapect of his aneceedta* to the hcritage of Osman. he Boent a. good deal of time ln the jolner a shop and becarae a falrly skllful workman. canable of earn- Ing hia living anywhere. Blshop John Scarborough of New Jersey plana to celebrate his prlcstiy golden jubllee on August 14 1905. He has been a blshop for thlrty-rwo yeara! He was born ln Castle WeDaa. County llown, on Aprll 25. 1S31. The degree of Doctor of Medlclr.e has been con- Cerred upon Dr. Wllfred T. Grenfcll. C. M. G.. by the t'nlvorglty of Oxford, cauaa honoris. ln recaaal- Uon of tbe work be Iws achi*ved lnJmprovlng the "ocial eondltloa of the febrador «»«?;.'"'* The. honor beatowed upon him by hia old ***$*** , 3 all the more marked by reaeon ef ita °«.»Pa flrst honorary M. D. degree coaferrtd by Oaroro. Proressor F. B. Loomis. of Amherat College, ac- companle.l by two studenta. has started on an ex- pedlUon to Nehraska and Northera Colorado to aecuie lf poasible. foasll remains of tnamnwls of tho M'locene age for the hlologlcal department. Thia wUmak« the thlrd expedltlon that haa gor.e out this Bummer ln aeareh of theae reltea Frank Hair.Hn. who was recently rhosen atteraay to tba Board of Clvii Servti a Coaaabaaoaera .if Chlcago. ls the scn of the fcate Haanlhal Hamlln. Vlce-Preetdent of tbe Untted States in tbe BtbI. Ltncoln admlnlatratlon. The yminger "a.!!,n,I!L:lf born ln Bangor, Me in 1M2, waa araduated from HarVard «3 from the Boaton Cnlveralty Law Bcb 1 and then went to Chlcago t.> practtas. Asa O. Candler, of Atiaata, has aabaerlbed I7S.OO0 to tha Weatey memorlal enterprtaa, laur.cr.e.i bv the blshops ot the Metbodlat Eirtaeoaal Chureh South Mr Candler ls eaa ol the wealthlest men j-i tba South Thirty-two years ago he tramped to fUIanta from hl? country home ln the Btate, ata only aaaet t.elr.g the clothes he were. Professor H'-iso laneaetarbers. of Barrard. la one of tba tntereeted apectatera at the Haywood trial ln II. -e, Idaho. He ls maklni? a psy loert- cal Btudy ol Orchard, who has admltted aeveateea 1 beaidee numberleas other iilmee, tn his att-mpt to help the atate fast»n tba fUilt. of ^'e-meaberg's death on W. D. Haywi d and other offlcera of the Weatern Federation of Miners. Professor R- OL Crawford. of the I'r'verslty of Callfornla. haa redlscovered the c. m>>t recently located by Professor r>anlel. of Pnn^nnn Cnlver- ajtf ln the constellatlon Taurus. TIe says the comet wlil he neareat tho eartlt ^n July 2J, when lt wUl be 70.000.000 mllea dtatant. THE TALK OF THE DAY. "Forty ycnrB ago.June 19, 1JS7.Maxlmilian of Mexlco," say.s a Vicnna paper. "paid wlth his llfe for havtng aecepted an lmperlal erown. He began his short career ns EmperOT of Mexlco wlth hlgh asptrnt'.or.s and BUed wlth noble rurpoaes. but he was unable to o nquer the Republican party under the leadership of Juare* Aft.-r a hopelesa strug- p>. from whifh he mlght wlth ease have escaped with bla ufa, be Bed to tha monntahi town ol Queretaro, where he waa betrayed into the han.la of hla anemiea Tr.e court noarttal and hla execu- tion, along Wltb two 4^f his generala, soon fol- towed." Tha wrtter then auotes a poem wrlttcn by tfaxtmlltan before he went from Austrla to Mexlco, and uapubUahed until now, in whlch ha ex,,r,.ss»^ the hope that he mlght dle. when hla ime, "not ta a vnllcy with vislcn hemmed abo'it, but 4.n a mouatatn. in the glow of the eet- tlng aun." "Poor Kaist:r:" saya the writor. "what mst between your wlsh in pecceful homa and the realiraMon ln the forelgn land!" Htct generoua Boaat Wl ka Oh, yea He is alwaya glvlng himseif away Jouraa*. "The Commercial and Industrial Gaaette" of St. Peteraburg deacrlbea a new deposit of piattnum \M t ien found in tho Urahl on the river Pchumlch. The aand ls eaelly acoesalble. and the platlnum is ao plentlful that poachera. with tho meat prlmitive waahlng apparatus. have been maklng an average of $100 a month. Hitherto only gold had I . >en nhtalned ln that regton. Tho color of the platlnum is dark. and it la hopod that lt contatna bidhna. There ls a brlsk 6truggle go- lng on between the poachera ajnd regular mlnera, and a body of troopa haa oeen aent to the acene to protact the latter. Ftrst Buburbanlte I see they have taken the 7 a m train <-ff this line. Do you mtsa lt? Becond Buburbanlte.Oh! nothlng Uke as much n* I oaed to Isa H wh«a it waa on.--Phlladelphia In.i'ilrer. Tl.e agltatloa agatast capttal punlshment whlch was acttve b) Bouth Afrka some time ago, haa been revlved hy detatla, publlshed recently. of a Bceae at the recent axecutlon <.f a Kaftlr at Pre- torla. When tho fxe.-.itu.ner went to the con- demned man'a call th" prieooer made nerca re- Blatance and Btruggled vlolently all the way to tha Bca/fold Al tha BcaffoM the exeeutaoaat and hla aaaUtanta cleverly forced the man Into a chalr. where he waa bound ao that ba could not move. Tho man and the ehalr were then hanged to- getber. Patar-Well my boy. so you have lr.tervlewed your tfiri'a father, ehl Dld yoa maka the old "toS -YeVthd5frkI was tho n.ark'-Montreal Btandard Btgnor Matteucd, dbeeto* cf the observatory on Mount Vesuvlus. has recently puhlishe.i ln tho "Bulletta of tha Itattan Oeologlcal BectatyM soma detalla of tho eruptlon of the YOkano in 190-5. The west alde of the cone has fal'.en ln to a deptb cf 320 feet and tho eaal alde to a depth of 3«0 feet. or about the equlvalent of eaa-taath the total helght Of the mountaln. The parta that hav.. fail.n ln rapreeanl a buOl of about a hun¬ dred milllon enhto yarda ol roek. The crater. whlch prtor to 1908 had a depth ol ahout a thou- eand yarda is aow eut down to from Wfl t.. TW Thla ehaaaa ls capable ol boldftag m.mo.ooo eoMe yarda ol roofc a tgure far betow the aadent meapurements. In the eruptlon of 1904 there was only one lava atream. I.ast year there were aeven that covered 178 sicrea of lan.l. ftha Hinj i^nhnm la eertnlnly a very clever woman, yet she haa little t.> aay, He- That'a where her clavarneaa comaa ln. sne hmda a man t«> belleve that «he thlnks he ls worth Ustenlng ta- iMck-Me-it.. Chlef among the nuiny objeete of interest ln the gardeaa of Easton Lodjtn. Doamow, the raatoaaaca of the Knrl and Couuteea of WhTWlck, ls a Ulac trea Whlcb occuples a oisplcuoua position on tlie ttrraca. rhia treo has a uhamafateace al l'-'1 leal and a helght of alxteen feet nnd lt haa ao denso a growth and Moosna ao profuaely that when lu tlower it faraaB a huge bouuuet of Ulac U Tho Ulac ls that commonly known as the ivrsUii, and daBcrlbad by tha i>i>tanista as the CbbMaa; lt la not a nattve of elther ParsAa or Chlna. but waa rataed in ttio Bouea Botanlc Garden ln 17t»"» )>y tha hybrldtzatlon of the true Peralan lllac and the eommon Wae of British gardena. Firat Old Lady.What kind of a time dld you have at the funeral? w* * u Beoond «d Ladv-Well, I've enjoyad myeelf more at othcra..Lif« J THE PEUCE COSGRESS. A Dcbating Sqciety That Can Do Usefut* Work. The Hague, j^ng ir The peace congress ls descrlbed by men of little fnith as a debatlng sodety that eannot enforce its deeisions. If this be true why haa Germany announced in advance that it does not consider dfsarmaujent a practlcal policy and will not take rirt ir. the dlscusslon? If tho eanajraaa be a debating club wlthout tb.3 aaorai farca behlnd it for reachlng deflnite con- cluslons and carrying them out in practical re- sults. why should the strongest mllitary powera in Europe object to havlng the reduction of na- itonal armaments diseussed? Th^re was debato on thi3 subject at tho flrst congress. and it did not come to anythlng. Why was Germany un- wllling to have the experiment repeated, when its own delegates eoaM be Instructed ao declare that in no coaa c'vable ctrcumstances could Ita own army and navy be reduced? Obvlously the congress has resources of power ln the moral forces of publlc opinion. Thoaa resources hava been increased since the first congress by tha establlshment of the arbltration trihunal and by a large relnforeement of nations joining ln the movement. Dlscusslon ls lesa futile than lt was at the flrst congress. because between forty and flfty nations are interepted in lt. Even if no BaactJeal method «>f arranging reduced armaments has been devised, lt is possjble that a resolution in that directlon may secure an overwhelmlng majortty. It would be lnopera- tive wlthout the sanctlon of the great mllitary powers. but they do not wish to be outvotel and exhlblted as in oppoaitio.n to the moral forces of the world. The German protest aaaunst dlscusslon is a trlbute to the increased pow«r of the congress. Anotber concluslon to be drawn from tho openinsr aaaatana of the congress is the luilaal of tnffooaco of small nations. The Pan-Ger- manlc agitatorsf have been proclaimlng aae many years that the tlnje has passed for feeble Uttle nations. and that prudence and enlight- ened self-interost require them to seek protec- tlon from great powers wlth effleient armiea and fleets and increased resources for invadlng loreign markets. That has been the chief argu- ment ln the propaganda for the tncorporatlon of Denmark and Holland in the German empire, and for various amalgamations and rearrange- ments among tbe Balkan states. The outlook, kowerei, for the smaller nations has distinctly lmproved since the flrst p»a<-e congress was organlzed. In these International assembbes they are on an equal footlng wlth the great powers. Arbltration is a safeguard that pre- tects taam against sudden assault and unpro- voked warfare. They are streagthened by sys- Himallaert arrangements for averting war and facllitating adjustments of International grlev- awraa Measurea for exempting private prop¬ erty at sea from seiaure in war time will behigh- ly heneflcial to them. If a working baais can be fotutd for disarniament.and the ebeertaat op- timist haa not jret baea ab!^ to $ugg---st one.it will lmpart lncreas-d wcurity aa the min.r atatea Th« tnt^rnattor.al movement reinvigo- ratea countries too feeble either to defend their own frontiera or to asatod their commerce. The congraaa i> a nool where David can plck up pebhles fot his diplomatic sling and feel that be is as good as Goliath. The mllitary powers dtsllke the restrainta ira- poaed by pactfta dlplomacy and moral obiiga- tlons. Their experts have mastered the scienra of war and know how much depends upon rapld mobllization of forces and sudden attack. Ar- mies must re massed and sent across tha enemy's frontter wlth the least possible delay. and hostile fleets must be destroyed and com- rr.and of the «,ea gained at the beglnning of tha contest Thes* are the approved prtnclplea of modern warfare; and the processes of arbitra- tion and mediation and the varloua prohibitions and limltations which this international assem- bly Beeks to lmpose interfere with the rapid and effectiva conduct of eampaigns on land and sea. The milltary and naval martlneta are the nat- ural opponents of tho congress. and their in- fiuence is strongly exerted agatnst it ln the great European capitals. The Oerman milltary staff does not conceal its contempt for the sentimen- talists and dreamers of the league tj£ peace; and Sir John Flsher in England and the Ameri¬ can inventor of tha phrase. 'Sea Power." hav* Joined haads in discrediting measures fbg pro- tectiag nt-utral eommere* and reatltetlng naval warfare to the fighting ships. Tbe great powera by abstainlng from diseussion can exercise a veto power upon any compact for the reductlort of armaments or the aecurity o- private prop- erty at sea; but this ls a privilege of which they wlll be reluctant to avail themselvea when the mlnor states are lnclined to welv-me etther propoaal The work of the congress naturally followa the Unes of least resistanee What is clearly lmpracticah> awbaaj te opposition in nne quarter or another wlll not be undertaken. It wili be the business of the leading coesUBdassosH to ascertaln what can be aceomplish-d with practieal unanimity aad ta attempt aothhaa that la clearly Impossild* The peace congress is a debatlhg aoclety ta which dtplnanatlBlB arranga the work in prtvata rnafai aaiuaa bahtad the eceeaa niaeuaaloa caaaoi be misehiovous un¬ der these conditions. Baaaa practieal results are> taevltabla Paddlsta are flni.ail to disappolnt- ment. but something wili be done to aaapaaie tha iwoceaeaa of arbttrattea, to mitigate the houaaaj of war and to aaoaaote the interests of peace. In a cahle letter I deseribed th«» opening of the congress as a «lull and rerfunetory per- formance. So lt was. but the hall. erowded with. delegates at desks. had a buslnessllke aspeet. and this wna perhaps more proniising than ora- tory or enthusiasm would have been. Tha Dutch government has provlded an excellent working plii-e in the heart of 'he capital. and there wlll be few soeial functions Ba dtvert tha delearatea fn>m their bahaaa Th-^v wlll have a natural deslre to return to their homes wlrh a record of havlng accompltshed something useful and progressfve after SjX uraahB of deliberatton and conference. With this eommon motive it wlll be strange Indeed if between two hundred aml three hundred delegates and their secre- tarles and milltary and naval advisers cannot flnd many thlngs on whlch they can come to aa ngreement. There are many a* the most errd- nent authorities on international htw in tho congress. If they can agree upjon a deflnltton of contrabar.d of war. the rights af search and prlze court pracUca of marltime natlons can ba Bystematl2ed. It wlll be a dlfflctlt undertakir.g. sime food supplles an4l coal wili have to be de- cisively ruled upon; but an authoritatlv© defini- ti4>n from so inrluentlal and representative a body as this congress wili bo a great gain for clvlll- zation. The programme accepted hy tha powera without dlssent includes the leajaaattoa of naval warfare under such heads as the bomb.tr dment of open ports. the laying of mlnes. the oonver- sioa of merehant veasels Intc warshipa, .*. capture of private property at sea. neutral ob- ligations, tho treatment of belligereats »¦ n*u- tral ports. the destruction of ne>itr.»i nh'pa and tbe peri.id of grace granted to saerchant .^.: , after the outbreak of war. Wh«« ." 0Ppo"«- nity is offered for an agreemeot »" n conventlon wbleta wlll Introduce unlform practlce ln naval warfare: There are alao arrangements to be made relatlng to land war and a fresh Red t'ross code to be sanetlor.ed; and there are va- rtoua tmprovements ln the processes of arblt: tion and ln the organlzatlon of tne permas-"' ccurt at The Hague. All these mattcia^m- tvithln the range of practical work. to arhh-n n ebiectlon can be raised by any natlon. greax w ^ small. . t^,- f-.lL The American delegatlon. unleas all etgns *""* wlU take a conspicnoua part tn carrylng out tna work of the sesston. lt repreaents a na"°. thal is tateragtaa m aaawUtal eseaWa rasaa than dlplomatlc methods. lt has received ciei- Inl'e lasUaUhaas from SecTetary Root. k'-1' expected to exerclse full dlscrotlon ln *?»££* u«elf to Bitnatlons and in dealing wtth all qj tloB- ln a conclllatory splrit of accomrn.^atK> lt ataada for posltlve pollcles. unrestricte.i luSSl.n nnd full publictty; and being-og*- lna cbrle of European Jeatauslea nnd »<v iympatby with the Spanish-American rejot> nou admltted for the flrst time £this ^cnC. p, ,c it has a unique opportunlty for »«««« n; other deleaatlona and ^£*^25P tical resolta It is entering upon » ^f £ the buoyant hopefulneas charac^lstK o ^ Amefrican people. . ^

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Page 1: Amvwvents. THE PEUCE COSGRESS. -- Sqciety That …...No n,an "wilh red blood in lils x-eins" gdjfl permir meJety to nvenge all his wrougs: when he deec, why, the flnn hfrlievers lu

Amvwvents.AERIA1. CARDF.v -- B 30 The Heneymoor.era.ALHAMBIU- - .."^i'^\il>.Blti4jHT4ix Brigntoa BeaOj Park.

SAN'ARSIE GoldenASINO- K.tr, Fasolr.atlng FI'ra.

Cunkv islaXD Luna Parb Piaainlanfl 1 -'Arer.a.

EDKN MUSEE The WorM in W«t.GA-jUICK '.:.<.' .-a>jRi;t !.: the Jlain.HAMMKRPTEIX ROOF 2 IS S:15 VouJevli'.e.HEHAI.T. KQUARE- B:15 The OrcWd.XARP1N DE PARIP C-.30 V«;i,»L.TKIC.g:tt.Tha Roa<l to Veaterday.ItADieOK BQl'ARE ROOF GABDKX <dM> Tha MJU4J

end the Milll-.nairp.tsAVOY.S:tt -The Man of the Hosr.ST. KICHOLAS GARDEN v Kalteahorn Consert

Index to Advertisenicnis.Pagi ¦-¦ aa-

Amu»etcen,i> .12 fl'Furnlslied Iliuseg toAu-ti n Belea. v 1 Ir?t Oountry. 8BankTE & Rtekef. .M lilnetractloa .¦ ¦;Suelneaa Chmcaa. 14 1 ICarriaarea * Paaxha.. B-*Carnet riraataa.« ' Ofll e Flxtnrea .»City Beftela. b : -.n Btaanera. IJ JClty proprTy for Propocala . }'- r4.

¦aOa S B Putattc Notloaa-12 S-«Obpartnerahlp Ko- Rallroods . ¦ j~J

.il l Real Eatata.f .¦*Country pT4.i*r.y f r fnvincs H.-inks.*i f,

. 8 l . ' ''

De.^ks Bad orT:,~e Ftetunl >.' i .j* *'Purnlture .9 1 H.: '*¦.¦ «

I .11 2-S BarroBSte'a Ko«lcca..ii B-eT> .n.4.-«tio S'TuaMona Turf.1- °

wiastea n r.-s t-> Whom it »¦» ,

En'.r;"^:':.! Aser,- Cooeern ... .''' *

e*ae .fi 2 To t^t for BuatoesaTx"Tiion* .s 4 purpooea . H| ^ <1 1 Trlhsna BobserlptlonPlaanrati Iferrtnga 10 l Hiitc? . '

. !}Furclahed !:¦-..:.-.«. to Troat Ounpantea.-. -

Lat fi 1 T. rk Wanted.9 *-°H'l Wamed .... 9 "

Xm^tnk?UmI» &rilmn&UONDAY. JULY 1, 1907.

This ajnangjBgfxr ,'* otcned c»d published Irjthe Tribune Asso^oiinn, a Xcic York oorporo-fton; o/ff<"e o;<I prinripal p'.arc of bgjtneM, Trib-vne Builaivc. Vo. 134 InggMaj tfreef, Vetc York ;

Ggdm MHU>. president; Xathcniel Tuttle. aeo

retiry aiul tr> ntvrcr. Th* tddretm of the offl¬cers is the nfT.rf of this uewtpaffr.c ~=

THE VEWB T1I1X MORMXG.

FOREIGN..The French government orderedan elc.tion in Bezicrs to fill the pla^ea of themunicinal ofheera v ho resigned after the wine.rrowerj' detnoostratloit, but both candidates andyf-ters boycotted the electlon bootha. Thereport of "a ceiUafea betereen the French battle-«h;p Jaur^guiberry and a torprdo boat destiojrerwas denied =^r=: Troops have been forced to

chargc to ^i<atect aaurkeia in the strike troubleaIn the proetece of l-'errara, Italy. r.nd many per-eir.s have been injured, in-ludin^ sromen, whowere the tnrst atotott demonatrators. == A

;iortrait of Pope Plus X hns been com-

pleted by A. IL I'ry. of Now York. with whichthe Pope haa espreaeed much satisfaction.Abb4 Kelix Klem. the French clerical author,aailed for this country 4->n Baturday to delhrera series of lecturea :n Chicag..- and to apeak ^,tCbautauque nnd other places. === The trlalcf Kar! Hnu, former profess4ir at George \Yash-Ington Uafreraity, on the charge of murderinghis mother-in-law. Frau htolltor, wili begin onJuly 17. and rnc-ntal irresnonribility is cxpectedto play a part in his defence.= The headof the Caoaorra, Er.rico Alfar.o. was taken toTurin from Havre. hasiag been extradited fromI"rar.ce.DO>rEgTIC.The report that Jackson Rmith

Mvould rcsign from the Panama Canal Commis-aior. was denied ln Washington. == Americanofrlcers could sve r.o ground for the reported ob-3ecti-:r!S at The Hague to the new "spitz" bullet.t-It was learned ln Pittsburg that the Fnit.-dBtatca Steel Corpotation plans to rej.iace en-gir.fs .rorth mtlUona in crde- to cheapen the costof producticn. The captore of twenty-nineJapanese seal poachers on St. Paul's Island bythe revanae cuiter Perry was reported in SanI'rancisro. . Francis Murphy. the -.veliknow n temperance lecturer, dled in Los Angelea.

Pr.ul Kelly, wanted in this city to answercharg^s gro".;;-! r out of the elevated wreck iT-Baptember, IW5. sraa arreated in San Fnn'.sco.:-L'ading New Orleans Italianp r anlaedto clrive ,-,ut oimlnala of their natlatM'.TThe Fall Blver Lirie steamer Fur^n ia:: intoa::d badly damaged a schoone*- off K Alkner'siFiaT'i'.-m-frife fifeund; zfre crc=,v of 'h._ seh>onerwe:-- rescoed tsith dlfRculty. a Jfhe pteamerPersian. bound from Phlladelphia to Boston, was

ln eoUiston with another Bteamer (n VlneyardL-iJr. Henry Frladanwald. pre^ident

of the FfedBrnavtlon cf American Zionists. d^fendedthe /Cionis's at the openlng sesslon of the eon-

n of the federatton at fannersvflle, N. Y.riTT.There was little change in the strike

an:ong the Btreet Cleaning Department drivers;city ottcJals made everj' effort to have the gar¬bage piles rem .vf?d. ===== Alderraan Kuntze wascanii-- I out 1 t by f rry house eni-

aft»r a quarre] over the payment "f BareVarioua clvlc organizationa arfete a letter

blm to see that thewere cleaned regardlesa I ..;

Prederfc k L" Roy Bargent wrote ln favor of th?columbir.e a? the Datvonal flower. ===== The cityhas eatabhshed tetanua antitoxin atations. itwas learned, ba pceparatlon frr vfetlms of thecel*-br&Ti^n on Thr- Fourth.-Ice depota un¬der r ction were establiahed by thexrldiT. Ice Company. ==: The lists of elec-

.i affld lended by the EtepubllcanDemocratlc organizationa for appointm' r.t

ij'<»r>'\ of Electiona wii! be Bled to-day. itwas announeed. ===== Longshcremen employed Iby the Cuaard Line weat oa strike, demandlng6i cents an l.'.ur for Bunday work. -=== In-

e in demurrage rarc-s on the New Bavenend the B aine roads may cause the

of i oth roads from the Railway Ar-learaad.

THE WF.ATHER.-Ir.dications for to-day:Tair. Th-- ,re yeaterday: Highest, 71Aegrees; los est, F>1.

TFc defire to rcmini our readers urho arechout to \avc the cit'j thnt The Tribune viilbc aeaf by :nail to any address in this countrycr abrood. aad tddreaa dtoa#ed <>s often aa de-tircd. Subsnijfii'jiis may bc 'jiven to your reg-*lar dealer before h'crinj, or, if more OOMJgav« ' and them in ut The Tribune Offiee

£ee appoaffe p-^.ge for aabarrfptfaa ratcs.

.1 VEW PRPCBDEYT.The ur.written lav.- d'-es not st:i;i."t gtUL It

groara r.s tbe statutcs do <.r the "juilzo-mndc"law does. The case just <li Med in Vir^iniaC!.irk>; a Etzide ln adranee, lt la now aatab-tMkeol tbere that if i daoghter tella bor Catbertoiiie icau has arouyd her be may p» <>v.t andfill tbat man full <>f tmetrahot.that :>. he uny!f be has aa attgek of laaaaity forthwlth; torlt is not dear fham tUi < aso arbether or nor. iftlie fatliei's ineiitii: eqnljlbrltim is midhrtnrbedby tlie Ktorj-. lie agaj sally fortb as an gtrengerwith the tnthe :.$.,».-' >va] of tbe cominuaity.Ortnir.ly if be toeki ''ajanaoally pnle" when !:.'talK-s down tbe bUalb/ gbetguu from its nail,aud if h:s record as a i^r.is-jinor of Btrong drlnkla adequate. lie h:m a llornajii from Virginia ao-ciety as the ebejnpiea of home aanctlty.Whether the yotmt v,oUir,u-s Worv (S true <.rfalse nitikes not tbe siightest dnTerence A ao-ciety that igea not Inatat ou a state tnqnlry Intothe evMaaaee before egacajthw uaturaiiy wonldriot dea:and that tl)«- nvenrer waste hi« tiniotiiron a private hiquiry. The holy fihotgun mustnot be retarded on !ts summary errnnd by aaereformal;tlos. T.) :,su tbat the aaengjer gboold nt; lirt^t lii-sure hftfH <>t the jiiKtice of hiscaur.e would be to Infringe ang^r's arirfaage

<if oours? the miwrUten law encourages uiur-fler. but, then. there Is n flrm and erldety bt-idbflafef that tnurder is the inninctay and ancientgeep of eiviJiztitioi,. Uttboot it uian wou'deink to denths arblcb his gflf ITaHCiCt revoits ?.tcocteniphitlng. No n,an "wilh red blood in lilsx-eins" gdjfl permir meJety to nvenge all hiswrougs: when he deec, why, the flnn hfrlieverslu the BjeaejaJty 0f murder wili deapalT of hu-ntanity's fatbve, C'ivilized man wlll let sc»cletytake care of tbe tJiicf arbo sieals his goods, theman who ajgaden away hit* repuiatlon or theman wbo slays th,^ae n»-:ir and dear to him; hutthe man whom some woman aoeaaea, fttatty or

tinjustly, that man must l»e munh-red hy ¦member of her fmiillv. Then- are wrougs whosenx'Uital a mau't Bense of tbe ptaee he fills lntbe eyes of his nelghbora eom^ls him to takeInto his own haada, The unariiieu Inw isfonnded on tbia arldety diffuswl opinion thntDQurder la a thinp which a rnau of fine fionsibili-tte* cannot get along without.

>o; oaJy ie murder encouraged by the de-

eision of the Vlrginia Jury, but perjury is

properly encouraged along wlth it. If privaterengeance is to bo recogniaed it will be ex-

tremely hnndy tn explaln an act of rengeanceujinn th<' ground that aotne weman in wliomtbe areuger bad a oatural Intereat told blm a

story v.lii.-li made blm grow "extremoly pale"and reacfa for the .hotgun. No man of ficesenslbilitles will doubt a aroman'a word; tomurder la mocta more boaorable; ar.d no juryof Sne Benalbilitiea wil! doabt it eitber. l bestory may In some cases be an afterthought tomake the bomldde justinable under the unwrlt-tea law, bul ir iinist not be or sn to questlon.The unwrltteo law must be kept free from tbereanements, anbtletlea and rulea of erldenc s

thst characterize the written law Perjury isI miaoondoct unknown to it. Tbe written lawI should properly treat perjury as a possibillty.But a law made for gentlemen of flne aensibili-tiea may safeiy ignore perjury.

PRIVATE PBOPEBTY AT 8EA.The L'nited States undoubtedly occuj lea

Btrong ground at The Hague ln its advocacyof tbe ezetnptlon of private property at seafrom capture in war. lt h:is. to begiu with.the advautage of a consistency whlcb lras atrarions thnea been strongly Impressed uponthe world. 4a we bave already recalled, itwas becauae of i;s advocacy of that princlple,and becauae of the unwlUlngneea of Europeanpowera tn aceept it. that t'ns country declinedto become a parry to the Dcclaration of Parisi;i 1856. That Declaration began v. i111 tbe pro-rialon th:ir there should be no more prlvateer-ing. Agrccd." said Anierica, "if you will also"provide that there shall be no more prejing"upon private commerce." .No.'" said Europo,"private ships may l>e eelaed, but they must"not right." At that America declined to signthe treaty, bolding that if private ressels were

to suffer the patns of war they should also ex-erclse Its privilegea. Senhor Barbosa, a Bra-zilian delegate ;ti The Hague, further showedlast week that that principle was advocatedby this country long before 1856, and that it isbeld by practlcally all the American republics.That the American proposal would be an-

tagonized waa expected, tbough perhaps fewexpected that it would he chieny oppoeed byRussla. We reviewed in these columns theother day me elaborate and Impresslvi.butnot convincing.argumenta agalnsl it which one

of our Coremost American authoritJes, CaptalnBtahan. has put fortb. Mr. Jullan S. Corbett id"Th** XLnoteenth Ceutury." also argues againstIt from the Britisb point of vjcw. nnd we no-

tice that so sane and temperate a Journal as

"The Bpectator," of London, commits [tself tothe same vlew of the case, partly on generalprindplea and partly for the spoi-ial sake ofP.ritish Intereata. The late Bir William Har-court is also quoted most emphatically againstthe exemption of private commerce from capt¬ure, on the ground that "there is no securlty"in war unless we are Btrong for offence as

"well as defence." Xevertbeless, support ofthe proposal is now stronger than there seemedground for expectJng it t<> be a few daya :iiro.

Austria-IIungary and Itniy were last ereek

openry dec'arod to be in favor of Lfe and thereis reason for thinldng that Qgpat Britaln andGermany may ultJmate)y/<*** the same ground.As for the oppositloa eipressed by Russia, we

have yet to lear* lvs preciae crounds; and itwaa at any ra^ somewhat discredited ln ad-rance by '-je raminder that Russia formerlyfavored *&. American principle.We Jtust add thnt. while some, of the argu-

nir-its against the exemption of private prop-irty are impresslve and worthy of careful con-

glderation. others are quite speeious and Inef-fective. Thus wn find "Tlie Bpectator" gravelystating that "for a maritlme power to give up"the right of capturing privnto property at sea

"fa anaiogous to a land power giving up the"ritrht to heleasuer cltlea. If the rlsht of oapt-"ure at 6ea is abandoned, then to make the

"analogy real and complete the powers ought'!.» agree that in the case of land sieges only j"government wagons and government property"shall be prevented entering eities und>rgouig.siege, and that tbe roads in nnd out thall be

"kept free for private tradera." Not bo. for ltls not proposed to aholish the risht to bloekade¦ port, any more than that to hesiego a city.and there is no thought of exempting bloekaderunnera from capture. It is already a well es-taMished principle that a bloekade to be legalmust be effective, and not a mere pap<-r proc-iamatJon. Tl-.o American proposal wlth regardto private commerce is a logical extenslon ofthat principle, namely, that in order to bavea richt to suppress its cneray's commerce a bel-li^rrent must establish effective control of the9-i'H. If it is able to hlockade Its enemy's porta,it can stop that enemy's commerce, private as

well as ofiieini, just a? it may besiege a cityif it has control of the land around it. Butfaiiing to bloekade the on^my's iiorts eff'v.'-Ovely, it cannot send commerce destroyers tothe high seas to prey upon commerce. any more

than ii rouid send raiding parties across coun¬

try to seiz". nnd destroy private property there.On tho tvhop'. the lozic of the case seemstobe on the American side. and we shall not be

surprir-ed to find great maritime powers con-

cluding that their lndividual interests also lieon the same side.

TTtr.EX AXD THEIR FOES.

There la a glearn of hope in the action of a

local court in flning two firms of contractorsfor damasin^ trc-es hy soorching them alth heatand smi'ke from their engines. It was rigfateousaction, and it might to tidvantajre l.e repeatedmany times in this and neigbboring eltleB.Proteats against the destruction or mutllationof treea by the ctrlnrring of electrie wir<'S are

being made in the elty of Newark. That suh-

Ject is one to which attentlon has frequentlybeen called in these columna, and is of perti-nence and. Indeed, of urgenry lu various partsof th<- metropoliton diatrlct Snnn' flagrantcases <.f wholeaale randallsm have occurred iathe suburhan parts of the Borough of Queens,in tiie DOrtbem part of Yonkcrs and ln theoutskirts of the dty of Suiiiniit. N. .7.. \< here thefmest <>f ahade trecs. aome on the publlc roadsand aome on private property, but overhangingtho roads. were ruthleaaly backed and slashedand eitber kllled or bretrievably rulned ti>make r<>om for wlres which might a.s easilyhave been strung elsewhere, and avenues onceh"aut!ful have heen recdered hideous. In somevr.<iti whote treerops have been mt off: in oth¬ers all ihe branches have been shorn from one

fclde <'f the trees, and in still others the wlreshave beeu run among and fastencd to thebranrbes so as to cut and kill them by chaiiiigor hy scorchlng them with slray currents ofelectrldty.

It is a melancholy thing to see such practicestolerateil In clvilized communlttes, nnd it is uhitter comment upon the offectiveness of ottr

| Arbor Day ohservances and the activlties of ourtr*.*e planting assoepitions These latter ngeu-cies are dolpg excellent work. T:ut the treekillers are undolng lt, souietlmes even uiorerapidly. It ls admirahle to plant a young treewlth h a generation henoe will nfford gratefulSfaade. Bat In less time than it takes io plantlt a gang of wlre slringers with axe andaaw will destroy or reduee to a useless and anunsightly wreck a nohle tree that afler halfa eeulury's Kro\vth is ln Its prime of henutyojifl of scrvlce. And If coniniunities will not.protect tlie trees which they already have.where is the uaa in planting more?Wa would not. however. stiggt st tiiat the

work of tree planting should he Btopped. ():ithe contrary. it shoul<l he still more "igorouslyand extensively pressed. But with at leastequal rigor there should he pressed the workof a sort of arborasl rigUabce committee, in ea-forcjng wiih inexornble strictness the law forthe protection of trces. and if ne*d be In *wuj.

ing the enaetnient of still more strlngent laws.

There certalnly is need ef a fuller recognitionand a more effective eonaervatlon of hoth publlcand private property rights in treea. At presentto smaah a window or to deface a buikling is

regarded} as a far more serious mlsdemeanorthan mercly to tlp the haxk or lop branchesfrom u tree. Set the damage to tbe bulldingmay he fuily repaired in an bour, while thatto the tre<« is irreparabte.

OVERCOMIKQ INBTIUCTS.\dvice. in order to Influence Igaorant people,

must come from a higb, reeognlaed authorlty.and the eouueellor should have a tltle and wear

a uniform. Recogulzing tbls. cbarity workerswill begin this week an educational crusade for

tl... benefll of ignoranl mothers on the East

Side by Bendlng a corps of twenty uniforme*tralned nurses Into the tenement bouses and to

the recreatlon plers. Thanks to a glft from Mr.

Rockefeller, these twenty counsellora will be

able to conduct a campalgn of Indeflnite lengtbii, me mteresi of maltreated chlklren. To

make tbelr tidvice still more authorltatlve, the

citv bas agreed to station physlclans at the

recreatlon plera to relnforce the snggestlons of

tbe counsell irs.\ good beglnning. this, but let us hope it is

only a beglnning. There is work enough for a

reglment of sucb advlsers, so prevalent and

stubborn a thlng is Ignorance made strong byInstlnct The East Side is not the only mls-Blonarr field ln town. Wbo has not met at

lea j| one woman of reflnement and meana who

feeds ber two-year-old son plum pndding?There is a limltless Beld open to the phllanthro-piat who ls wllllng to spend his money overcom-

Ing sucb "Instlncts." if a Uttle more moneywere Bpent tn this end, perhnps the need for

many other charities would cease.

77/1 r ADTOMOBILE RECORD.It produces an uncanny feeliag to read that

nn Englislnnan has just been swept througb1,581 milea of space In twenty-four boura ln an

automoblle The stanehest seagull drlvenslong by the stlffesi <:-uif Btream burricaneconld bardly hope to match that record. OurXew Tork-Chb ago flyers lag In comparison withthe apeed of Mr. Edge's machlne, which conldtrace the entire lengtb of the earth's equatorin less than Bixteen daya if some blllionaireclub would bulld ii track slong that path. HadColumbus possessed the me hanlcal and geo-grapblcal advantages which tbe Englisb auto-mobiiist enjoyed ne would bave chugged inupon tbe red tndians about two daya and fivehours after bavtng wept hi* adieus t<> Ferdlnandand [sabella. If our present transatlanticlin:-rs could schieve th Edge pace, I'hiladei-phia Sunday schoola might hold their annualoutings in Spitzbergen, while New Torkera, pes-tered by mutinous garbage collectora and Icemen, might commute between Canada and Manhattan during bostilities.There is an air of reallty about a twenty-four

hour record which the terrific one or two milespurts on the Florida beaches lack entiroiy.Sh«irt diatance races against time do not unpresathe observcr profoundly with the tremendouspractlcal posslbilitiea of the automoblle nnd Itstype of engine. But a machlne which fromone dawn to the next traverses s dlstancaequal to balf the breadth of the contlnentmakes the w'lde.-t thlngs seem credible, aventhough a perfectly adjusted racetrack was theBcene of the record breaklng. Tho slgniflcantthlng in Mr. Edge's performance was his useof an ordinary flrst dass touring car. Thiameana that with a network of twentieth cen-

tury automoblle roads as carefnlly sulted to theneeds of motora ss tbe Boman roads were tothe needs of the lagions any sedate citizenniight expatrlate bimself between meals.

If auch an era <<f timeleas transpoitation lscomlng, it ought, perbapa, to be poatponed untnthe present generation has soh its watches andclocks to the Zulua and the Cblnese.

OOYERNMEKT HY mSUBAXOB.At this hour. when everybody is still weary

from the rbn of insurance reform, lt may seem

like an 11] timed joke to suggest that Insurancecompanles, so far as thoir actlvltles reach, are

a pretty good form of popular c>>vernment.Conslder tbe auccesa of the tire insurance com-

i ln securlng from the Appellata Pivisionof the Bupreme Court a declslon 'noiding elec-trlcal companles liahle f.»r damages doae bytheir wires. In an Important case just flnished.after a costly Btruggle laating sevan years, thedefendant company h.'is beei .mpelled to payBubatantlal damages to the «. nplainsnt Insur¬ance companles becauae a bullding in TheBronx waa set on tire by poorly Insulated wireswhich had been Improperly attaehed to tli*_*bullding by tiie electrical company without theconsent of the owner of the burned strneture.The general rullng banded down by tbe court

ls of great value to prop rty owners, DefectlveInsulation and wlrea cause damage amountingto iiix'ut $25,000,000 annually to bulldlngs in theUnited States. Indivlduals whose buslness andgeneral welfare have \>-cn serlously affected bynegllgent and trespaaslng eleetricsl companlesbave usually endured their losses in sllencarather than rlsk tedious and costly lltlgatlon, inwhich the defendant- corporations had the ad¬vautage of wealtb and expert attorneys, Wereit not for the medern Insurance Bysteni/tbe dayof reckoning for the offenders might have b**?nIndeflnltely poatponed. Happily, lt profits an

Insurance company to suppreaa evils and toplace the blame and responsiblllty for mishapswhere they belong; and, l<y the co-operatlon ofmany policybolders, lll.eral funds for llghtingnegllgent and crimlnaJ corporations are rateed.Insurance companles are daily exercialngstrooger control over Infringera upon privateand publlc rights, ar.d they do tiiis simply bymaklng the guilty partles pay for fire.s. acei-dents, deatba and embezzlements, From howmany more evils may tho world eventually bedelivered by an extenslon of this metbod? Willthe day ever come when powerful corporationswill insure cltizena against quacka, Incompetentofflclals, excesslre taxes, poor atreetcar aervice,bad llluminating giis and Impure food. andwhen men will therefore cease slnning againsttheir bretbren, knowlng full well that a soul-less corporatlon is ready to spend buge sums iusecuring justice fur its offended pollcyholdersl

.1MEB1CAN SyOBBlSBXESB.Bnobbisbness is still as difflcult to define as

It was when Thackeray confessed his inabllityto give the word's preclse meanlng. But, now asthen, snobbishness is the oasiest tliing in thoworld to recognize ln others and the bardeatto dlscover in one's self. Becauae of this lastfact every American should asb bimselfwbether be has adopted a "come-and be-saved"attitude toward foreign countries. And if heconcludes tb,at be baa he will do well to con-t>ider wbether it is the nationa] menace thatProfeaaor L. B. Rowe, of the Universlty of Fenn-aylvania, makes it out to i>e. ln the currentnumber of "The North American Bevlew" Pro¬feaaor Rowe aays on tliis snbject: "The sllght-"est dlvergence froni our form of governmeul is"regarded as a stamp of Inferlorlty. American"publlcations conatantiy dweJl on the supposed"inabillty of tbe people of South Anierica to"develop free Institutions.a purely gratuitons"assumption, which has never heen supported"by a seriona scientiflc investigatlon.''Tho wrlter asserts that our countrymen as-

sume toward foreigners, eapeciaUy Latlns, aeuperior missionary nir which hinders the do-velopment of close relations between this coun¬try and others; that our baughtlnesa makes ourexportera caroless of the foreigners* wisheaand. alas! now and then "mny rivo" or tootiloky for the buyers' comfort. If so, it isnot only bad mannsrs but ljpiorauee, and,

ahove all, lt does not pay. Probably thenatlonal isolation which Professor Rowcthinks may come as a result of this ar-

rogance is ¦ bogle, for tbe marketa of thew.ulil need the Unlted states too Borely as

buyer and s"ller to iot anobblahnesa toterferewltb friendly relations. Kevertholetn, there is

a gentrine danger In the snobbtoh nttltnde, as

British mercbanta profesa to have diecovervd,to tbeir Borrow and peeunlary los:~'' when the

obliglng Contfnenta] tradera wreeted from them

by mere courtegy and respect for "inferlor

races" a large slice of forelgn trade.

MONEY AND BV8INE88.With Ita cust4.mary dlsregard of nonnal in-

fiuencs. tha aeeurity market recovered vtgor-

ously laat week just when aanaattoaal r-ports of

injury produced a aharp rise in wheat and

preasure ln connection with haif-yearly settle-

n,outs carried call money up to 12 rer cent.

There were no other developmenta of Pignifl-oance. hut manlputatora cvidently conslderedthe time propitioua for a concerte.I attark on

th.e ahort account, and enforced covering helpedto advance the avorr.ge of tho slxty rr..>st active

railway sccurities $2 a share, to the hlghestpoint since May 24. A little buylng in antkipa-tlon of the lnvestment of July dividenda pro-

vided tbe only real business. but speculativeactivity Increased d.tily averago salcs to 400.000Bhares. againsl 'J<m>.Oim> in th.e precedlng week.

London took a little more interest. but it is not

possihle to tell iegitlmate forelgn buylng from

speculative ordera cabled from this side. Sccu¬

rities received a setback when the local municl-

pal bond lasue failed to receivo blda for 10 percent of the amount offered. This emphatio evt-dent-o of tho monetary situntion checked any

speculative enthusiasm that might have been

dev, loplng, an.i th.e market fell constdembly be-

low the highOBt prlcea of tho week.

High rates for call loana were to be expectedjust prior to the July dlvidend distrtbution, andthe recent outgo of gold augmented the preas¬ure. S4. that lt wr.s r.ot surpr'.slng to have ratea

rise to 12 per i-ent on Fridny. There was no

perceptible change ln tcrm aeconimodation,whlch had already touched exceptional quota-tlons for loans carrying over the January perlodof Btringency. Bxporta of gold ceaaed when the

movemeni aggregated l24.80O.O0fA ratea of ex-

ch tnge declinlng ln reaponae to offerings of

financa bUls. These aterllng louns were late In

appearlng. owing to forelgn uncertainty regard-Ing the Bubsequent outgo of graln and cotton.

but confldence was restored the more rapidlywhen money ratea made this market attractiveto lenders. European banks wlthdrew the spe-

cial indueement of remlttlng interest on gold in

transit, altbougfa tho leading Inatitutlona abroaddld not make very atrong exhibits. Federalflnancea for the fls.-al year supplied even more

than the expected surplus, but gross stocks of

(Old fell below tha high water mark to the ex-

tent. of the quantity exported.General business has Increaaed under the

Btimulua of hlgh temperature, mucb tardy tradeln aummer fabrlca being tranaacted at a laterdate than uaual, and midstimmer dulnesa wlll

not be falt at the cuatomary time. The pitua-

tion is much more encouraglng, now that favor-

able reporta from the farma are in a large ma-

Jorlty, few dlaturbtag statements having ap-

peared ln the last fortnlght. Paymenta are

rompt. and many retallerB have dlsposedof spring storks that lt waa feared would bo

carried over. In Bom< ipplementary or¬

dera have appearcd. althougb ao late ns to be

unexpected. and another good stgn is the re-

plaeing of many caacallad ordera for fall andwtnter merchandlae. The Prst half cf 1907 has

ised early expectatlona, the voiume ofbank exchangea ahowlng a BUhstantlal gain ln

total transartl.ns as compared wlth the corre-

Bpor.ding slx niomhs of laat year. It is neces-

eary to elimlnate New York clearings in thla

comparlaon. owlng to the decreaaed speculativeactivity. Even with proper allowance for an

abnormaliy baekward pprlng aaaaon Iegitlmatebualneaa has made a remarkable record.ErraTic fluctuatlons contlnue at tho leading

commodlty ex^hang4-s. speculative n-.anlpu'.atlonproduc'.ng moveroenta often wldely at vnrlance

wlth normal nifirket lntluen.es. After Bharpchar.^es in both dlre :tlona the prica of mtddlinguplnnds cotton at this i ity hehl cloae tO |63 a

ba!", a flsrure that would aeem fully to dlseounttlie amallest estlmat* Inal crop. Therois Bupport ln the phenomenal activity

i, Bmaller ;r forthe week and larger exports. Whlla tha tot .'.visihio supply :s the largesl I :i anyyear of the i.ist rata ofdecrease in recent waaka hi pld than inany year. The eaee with « !. July r

were abaorbed li .' trn '¦¦ U m tthe speculative lendera for tno long accountWheat rose violently on Thuraday ln r<to some dlspatchea telltng of wu ln aectionawhere harvestlng had b, gun and bv k cf m .:.-'-ure in tho Northweet where lt was needed, andone trade expert predlcted that the leadingwlnter wheal states would not aapure half a

crop. Unhiassed roturna, however, mnde thooutlook less gloomy, nnd best prlcea wcro notmalntalnedReporta from the leadmn Induatrlea are al-

most unanlmous in statlng that the mldyearBhutdown for rapalra and ato. k takjng wlll babrief. large ordera calllng for fuij operation <«fmachinery for some time t.. come. At cottonmilla the amount of forward bualneaa givea afirm tone to quotatlons. and tha Ructuattona lnraw materlal attract little a-t4ntion. BuyeraBnd that proper provhdoa has not been madefor requirementa, and early deltvertea cannolbe eacured in many line* This Increasea thodtaposltlon to pian for next asaaona bualneatcarlier than usual. but manufa.turers are atlUcautlous regardlng Bnaculatton nnd seek toavoid the embarraasment of cancellatlona laterin the year. Kxp4»rts of cottons are amall, butthe Chlneae market is improving and there la abetter feeling in this department. Woollen millaglve moro attention to aampla offerincs ..f thenew clip. and the aentlment is dlatlnctlystronger. The domestie wo.il market ls nlsosupported b> the sltuation at London, where th.,,auctlon sale thla week promlaea to open wltbmerlnoa aalllng 5 per cent hlgher than nt thoprevioua sai-. New business constantly comeato tlie overcrowded Bteel milla. and there are noweak Bpota ln that Induatry. Meltera timl tbatrequirementa of plg Iron have not been fullyprovlded for. and much business ls done by thefurnacea. which are maklng new recorda of pro-ductlon for tha aeaaon. Althougb there w,sfear of labor troublea, few wage araiea remalannalgned, nnd an early settlement of dlsputcdquestions ti antlclpated.

Mr. Roger Bulltvan, of Ulbiaia, who has beenread out of the party more than onca, steps upWlth a deflnltlon of a r>emo4-rnf. Tho tronbleWith all thesa deflnftloni is that they try tomake the word Deroocrat wlth a blg »jy covorall that the word democral with a little "M" coversbesldes, of course, tho persoruU fancles of thedefiner. If a party could be reorulted by'defl-nltlon. if every democrat w.iul.l ..nly Vote theDemocratlc tlcket, overwhelmlng vlctorlea wouldbe eaay. Hut it wlll noi do. A Democrat ls not8 dcm..<rat. He |a a man who was a Democratand has been able to stund it.

-a-

Peary expecta to start for the K(irth a Uttlolater this year than he orlglnally tntended. Ifthe aummer abonld make up for lost time In theArctlc regions. as it la trying to do in temperatelatitudes. he wili probably experience little em-barrassment in forcing his ahlp into desirablewinter quarters.

a

The man with an elephant on his handa lsprobably congratulatlng blmself that he lan't

the American Museum of Natural History, with

its 00-foot dinosaur.a-¦

A blow at one of our ancient abuses was

struck the other day by the Police Departmentwhen tlie swarm of lawyers' "rimners" were

Informed that they would no longer beallowed to

consult the accldent records. By this prohibl-tlon shystera are deprived to some extent of theopportunlty of persuading accident vlettms to goto court for "redress." and if the new rule larigidly cnforced the custom of suing any cor¬

poratlon ln sight at the time of an accident will

become less prevalent.

In reply to numerous corresnondcnts we wouldeay that although there ia a aurplaa Of |8T.-000,000 ln its treasury the Uncle Sam MutualBenefit Company will not Imitato the AdamsKxpress Company by cuttlng a melon.

Sioux Falls is dolng a rushing divorco bnsX-ness pending a stiffeninsr up of South Dakota'sdlvorce laws. The Leglslature passed a stricter

law, but lt has to go to the people on a refer-endum. MeanwhUe, tremendoua business. It iasalrl that Pouth Dakotans are sericus In theirresolution to check the export dlvorce cvil.They are actually going to insist that unhappyvisitors from elsewhere ehall stay a whole year

ln tho state before gettlng their freedom fromthe chains.

PERSOXAL.

Charles Terry Treadway has be«n elec.ted presl¬dent of the Fr!?'oI iConn.) Natlonal Bank to flllthe vaeaney caused by the death of Edward ButlerPunbar. Mr. Tmadwell, who hna been vlce-presi-dent of tbe Inatltution for aome time. la onlytwenty-ntne yeara old.Abdul Hamld, the Pultan of Turkey, hna a hobby

for cnrpentry and cablnet work. IWore he came t«

the threnc. and when there seemed Uttle proapectof his aneceedta* to the hcritage of Osman. heBoent a. good deal of time ln the jolner a shop andbecarae a falrly skllful workman. canable of earn-

Ing hia living anywhere.Blshop John Scarborough of New Jersey plana

to celebrate his prlcstiy golden jubllee on August14 1905. He has been a blshop for thlrty-rwoyeara! He was born ln Castle WeDaa. Countyllown, on Aprll 25. 1S31.The degree of Doctor of Medlclr.e has been con-

Cerred upon Dr. Wllfred T. Grenfcll. C. M. G.. bythe t'nlvorglty of Oxford, cauaa honoris. ln recaaal-Uon of tbe work be Iws achi*ved lnJmprovlng the"ocial eondltloa of the febrador «»«?;.'"'* The.honor beatowed upon him by hia old ***$*** ,

3

all the more marked by reaeon ef ita °«.»Paflrst honorary M. D. degree coaferrtd by Oaroro.

Proressor F. B. Loomis. of Amherat College, ac-

companle.l by two studenta. has started on an ex-

pedlUon to Nehraska and Northera Colorado to

aecuie lf poasible. foasll remains of tnamnwls of

tho M'locene age for the hlologlcal department.Thia wUmak« the thlrd expedltlon that haa gor.eout this Bummer ln aeareh of theae reltea

Frank Hair.Hn. who was recently rhosen atteraayto tba Board of Clvii Servti a Coaaabaaoaera .if

Chlcago. ls the scn of the fcate Haanlhal Hamlln.

Vlce-Preetdent of tbe Untted States in tbe BtbI.Ltncoln admlnlatratlon. The yminger "a.!!,n,I!L:lfborn ln Bangor, Me in 1M2, waa araduated fromHarVard «3 from the Boaton Cnlveralty LawBcb 1 and then went to Chlcago t.> practtas.Asa O. Candler, of Atiaata, has aabaerlbed

I7S.OO0 to tha Weatey memorlal enterprtaa, laur.cr.e.i

bv the blshops ot the Metbodlat Eirtaeoaal ChurehSouth Mr Candler ls eaa ol the wealthlest men

j-i tba South Thirty-two years ago he trampedto fUIanta from hl? country home ln the Btate, ataonly aaaet t.elr.g the clothes he were.

Professor H'-iso laneaetarbers. of Barrard. la

one of tba tntereeted apectatera at the Haywoodtrial ln II. -e, Idaho. He ls maklni? a psy loert-cal Btudy ol Orchard, who has admltted aeveateea

1 beaidee numberleas other iilmee, tn hisatt-mpt to help the atate fast»n tba fUilt. of^'e-meaberg's death on W. D. Haywi d and otherofflcera of the Weatern Federation of Miners.

Professor R- OL Crawford. of the I'r'verslty of

Callfornla. haa redlscovered the c. m>>t recentlylocated by Professor r>anlel. of Pnn^nnn Cnlver-ajtf ln the constellatlon Taurus. TIe says thecomet wlil he neareat tho eartlt ^n July 2J, whenlt wUl be 70.000.000 mllea dtatant.

THE TALK OF THE DAY.

"Forty ycnrB ago.June 19, 1JS7.Maxlmilian ofMexlco," say.s a Vicnna paper. "paid wlth his llfefor havtng aecepted an lmperlal erown. He beganhis short career ns EmperOT of Mexlco wlth hlghasptrnt'.or.s and BUed wlth noble rurpoaes. but hewas unable to o nquer the Republican party under

the leadership of Juare* Aft.-r a hopelesa strug-p>. from whifh he mlght wlth ease have escapedwith bla ufa, be Bed to tha monntahi town olQueretaro, where he waa betrayed into the han.laof hla anemiea Tr.e court noarttal and hla execu-

tion, along Wltb two 4^f his generala, soon fol-towed." Tha wrtter then auotes a poem wrlttcn

by tfaxtmlltan before he went from Austrla to

Mexlco, and uapubUahed until now, in whlch haex,,r,.ss»^ the hope that he mlght dle. when hla

ime, "not ta a vnllcy with vislcn hemmedabo'it, but 4.n a mouatatn. in the glow of the eet-

tlng aun." "Poor Kaist:r:" saya the writor. "whatmst between your wlsh in pecceful homa

and the realiraMon ln the forelgn land!"

Htct generoua BoaatWl ka Oh, yea He is alwaya glvlng himseif

away Jouraa*.

"The Commercial and Industrial Gaaette" of St.Peteraburg deacrlbea a new deposit of piattnum

\M t ien found in tho Urahl on the riverPchumlch. The aand ls eaelly acoesalble. and the

platlnum is ao plentlful that poachera. with thomeat prlmitive waahlng apparatus. have beenmaklng an average of $100 a month. Hithertoonly gold had I .>en nhtalned ln that regton. Thocolor of the platlnum is dark. and it la hopod thatlt contatna bidhna. There ls a brlsk 6truggle go-

lng on between the poachera ajnd regular mlnera,and a body of troopa haa oeen aent to the acene

to protact the latter.

Ftrst Buburbanlte I see they have taken the 7a m train <-ff this line. Do you mtsa lt?Becond Buburbanlte.Oh! nothlng Uke as much

n* I oaed to Isa H wh«a it waa on.--PhlladelphiaIn.i'ilrer.

Tl.e agltatloa agatast capttal punlshment whlchwas acttve b) Bouth Afrka some time ago, haabeen revlved hy detatla, publlshed recently. of a

Bceae at the recent axecutlon <.f a Kaftlr at Pre-torla. When tho fxe.-.itu.ner went to the con-

demned man'a call th" prieooer made nerca re-

Blatance and Btruggled vlolently all the way to tha

Bca/fold Al tha BcaffoM the exeeutaoaat and hla

aaaUtanta cleverly forced the man Into a chalr.where he waa bound ao that ba could not move.

Tho man and the ehalr were then hanged to-

getber.Patar-Well my boy. so you have lr.tervlewed

your tfiri'a father, ehl Dld yoa maka the old

"toS -YeVthd5frkI was tho n.ark'-MontrealBtandardBtgnor Matteucd, dbeeto* cf the observatory on

Mount Vesuvlus. has recently puhlishe.i ln tho

"Bulletta of tha Itattan Oeologlcal BectatyM soma

detalla of tho eruptlon of the YOkano in 190-5.

The west alde of the cone has fal'.en ln to a deptbcf 320 feet and tho eaal alde to a depth of 3«0

feet. or about the equlvalent of eaa-taath the

total helght Of the mountaln. The parta that

hav.. fail.n ln rapreeanl a buOl of about a hun¬

dred milllon enhto yarda ol roek. The crater.whlch prtor to 1908 had a depth ol ahout a thou-

eand yarda is aow eut down to from Wfl t.. TWThla ehaaaa ls capable ol boldftag m.mo.ooo eoMeyarda ol roofc a tgure far betow the aadentmeapurements. In the eruptlon of 1904 there was

only one lava atream. I.ast year there were aeven

that covered 178 sicrea of lan.l.ftha Hinj i^nhnm la eertnlnly a very clever

woman, yet she haa little t.> aay,He- That'a where her clavarneaa comaa ln. sne

hmda a man t«> belleve that «he thlnks he ls worthUstenlng ta- iMck-Me-it..Chlef among the nuiny objeete of interest ln the

gardeaa of Easton Lodjtn. Doamow, the raatoaaacaof the Knrl and Couuteea of WhTWlck, ls a Ulactrea Whlcb occuples a oisplcuoua position on tliettrraca. rhia treo has a uhamafateace al l'-'1 lealand a helght of alxteen feet nnd lt haa ao denso a

growth and Moosna ao profuaely that when lutlower it faraaB a huge bouuuet of Ulac UTho Ulac ls that commonly known as the ivrsUii,and daBcrlbad by tha i>i>tanista as the CbbMaa;lt la not a nattve of elther ParsAa or Chlna. butwaa rataed in ttio Bouea Botanlc Garden ln 17t»"»)>y tha hybrldtzatlon of the true Peralan lllac andthe eommon Wae of British gardena.

Firat Old Lady.What kind of a time dld youhave at the funeral? w* * u

Beoond «d Ladv-Well, I've enjoyad myeelfmore at othcra..Lif« J

THE PEUCE COSGRESS.A Dcbating Sqciety That Can Do

Usefut* Work.The Hague, j^ng ir

The peace congress ls descrlbed by men oflittle fnith as a debatlng sodety that eannotenforce its deeisions. If this be true why haaGermany announced in advance that it doesnot consider dfsarmaujent a practlcal policyand will not take rirt ir. the dlscusslon? Iftho eanajraaa be a debating club wlthout tb.3aaorai farca behlnd it for reachlng deflnite con-

cluslons and carrying them out in practical re-

sults. why should the strongest mllitary powerain Europe object to havlng the reduction of na-

itonal armaments diseussed? Th^re was debatoon thi3 subject at tho flrst congress. and it didnot come to anythlng. Why was Germany un-

wllling to have the experiment repeated, whenits own delegates eoaM be Instructed ao declarethat in no coaa c'vable ctrcumstances could Itaown army and navy be reduced? Obvlously thecongress has resources of power ln the moralforces of publlc opinion. Thoaa resources havabeen increased since the first congress by thaestabllshment of the arbltration trihunal andby a large relnforeement of nations joining lnthe movement. Dlscusslon ls lesa futile thanlt was at the flrst congress. because betweenforty and flfty nations are interepted in lt. Evenif no BaactJeal method «>f arranging reducedarmaments has been devised, lt is possjble thata resolution in that directlon may secure anoverwhelmlng majortty. It would be lnopera-tive wlthout the sanctlon of the great mllitarypowers. but they do not wish to be outvoteland exhlblted as in oppoaitio.n to the moralforces of the world. The German protest aaaunstdlscusslon is a trlbute to the increased pow«rof the congress.Anotber concluslon to be drawn from tho

openinsr aaaatana of the congress is the luilaalof tnffooaco of small nations. The Pan-Ger-manlc agitatorsf have been proclaimlng aaemany years that the tlnje has passed for feebleUttle nations. and that prudence and enlight-ened self-interost require them to seek protec-tlon from great powers wlth effleient armieaand fleets and increased resources for invadlngloreign markets. That has been the chief argu-ment ln the propaganda for the tncorporatlonof Denmark and Holland in the German empire,and for various amalgamations and rearrange-ments among tbe Balkan states. The outlook,kowerei, for the smaller nations has distinctlylmproved since the flrst p»a<-e congress wasorganlzed. In these International assembbesthey are on an equal footlng wlth the greatpowers. Arbltration is a safeguard that pre-tects taam against sudden assault and unpro-voked warfare. They are streagthened by sys-Himallaert arrangements for averting war andfacllitating adjustments of International grlev-awraa Measurea for exempting private prop¬erty at sea from seiaure in war time will behigh-ly heneflcial to them. If a working baais can befotutd for disarniament.and the ebeertaat op-timist haa not jret baea ab!^ to $ugg---st one.itwill lmpart lncreas-d wcurity aa the min.ratatea Th« tnt^rnattor.al movement reinvigo-ratea countries too feeble either to defend theirown frontiera or to asatod their commerce.The congraaa i> a nool where David can plck uppebhles fot his diplomatic sling and feel thatbe is as good as Goliath.The mllitary powers dtsllke the restrainta ira-

poaed by pactfta dlplomacy and moral obiiga-tlons. Their experts have mastered the scienraof war and know how much depends upon rapldmobllization of forces and sudden attack. Ar-mies must re massed and sent across thaenemy's frontter wlth the least possible delay.and hostile fleets must be destroyed and com-rr.and of the «,ea gained at the beglnning of thacontest Thes* are the approved prtnclplea ofmodern warfare; and the processes of arbitra-tion and mediation and the varloua prohibitionsand limltations which this international assem-bly Beeks to lmpose interfere with the rapid andeffectiva conduct of eampaigns on land and sea.The milltary and naval martlneta are the nat-ural opponents of tho congress. and their in-fiuence is strongly exerted agatnst it ln the greatEuropean capitals. The Oerman milltary staffdoes not conceal its contempt for the sentimen-talists and dreamers of the league tj£ peace;and Sir John Flsher in England and the Ameri¬can inventor of tha phrase. 'Sea Power." hav*Joined haads in discrediting measures fbg pro-tectiag nt-utral eommere* and reatltetlng navalwarfare to the fighting ships. Tbe great poweraby abstainlng from diseussion can exercise aveto power upon any compact for the reductlortof armaments or the aecurity o- private prop-erty at sea; but this ls a privilege of whichthey wlll be reluctant to avail themselvea whenthe mlnor states are lnclined to welv-me ettherpropoaal The work of the congress naturallyfollowa the Unes of least resistanee What isclearly lmpracticah> awbaaj te opposition in nnequarter or another wlll not be undertaken. Itwili be the business of the leading coesUBdassosHto ascertaln what can be aceomplish-d withpractieal unanimity aad ta attempt aothhaa thatla clearly Impossild* The peace congress is adebatlhg aoclety ta which dtplnanatlBlB arrangathe work in prtvata rnafai aaiuaa bahtad theeceeaa niaeuaaloa caaaoi be misehiovous un¬der these conditions. Baaaa practieal results are>taevltabla Paddlsta are flni.ail to disappolnt-ment. but something wili be done to aaapaaie thaiwoceaeaa of arbttrattea, to mitigate the houaaajof war and to aaoaaote the interests of peace.In a cahle letter I deseribed th«» opening ofthe congress as a «lull and rerfunetory per-formance. So lt was. but the hall. erowded with.delegates at desks. had a buslnessllke aspeet.and this wna perhaps more proniising than ora-tory or enthusiasm would have been. ThaDutch government has provlded an excellentworking plii-e in the heart of 'he capital. andthere wlll be few soeial functions Ba dtvert thadelearatea fn>m their bahaaa Th-^v wlll have anatural deslre to return to their homes wlrh arecord of havlng accompltshed something usefuland progressfve after SjX uraahB of deliberattonand conference. With this eommon motive itwlll be strange Indeed if between two hundredaml three hundred delegates and their secre-tarles and milltary and naval advisers cannotflnd many thlngs on whlch they can come to aangreement. There are many a* the most errd-nent authorities on international htw in thocongress. If they can agree upjon a deflnlttonof contrabar.d of war. the rights af search andprlze court pracUca of marltime natlons can baBystematl2ed. It wlll be a dlfflctlt undertakir.g.sime food supplles an4l coal wili have to be de-cisively ruled upon; but an authoritatlv© defini-ti4>n from so inrluentlal and representative a bodyas this congress wili bo a great gain for clvlll-zation. The programme accepted hy tha powerawithout dlssent includes the leajaaattoa of navalwarfare under such heads as the bomb.trdmentof open ports. the laying of mlnes. the oonver-sioa of merehant veasels Intc warshipa, .*.capture of private property at sea. neutral ob-ligations, tho treatment of belligereats »¦ n*u-tral ports. the destruction of ne>itr.»i nh'pa andtbe peri.id of grace granted to saerchant .^.: ,

after the outbreak of war. Wh«« ." 0Ppo"«-nity is offered for an agreemeot »" n conventlonwbleta wlll Introduce unlform practlce ln navalwarfare: There are alao arrangements to bemade relatlng to land war and a fresh Redt'ross code to be sanetlor.ed; and there are va-

rtoua tmprovements ln the processes of arblt:tion and ln the organlzatlon of tne permas-"'ccurt at The Hague. All these mattcia^m-tvithln the range of practical work. to arhh-n n

ebiectlon can be raised by any natlon. greax w ^

small.. t^,- f-.lL

The American delegatlon. unleas all etgns *""*

wlU take a conspicnoua part tn carrylng out tna

work of the sesston. lt repreaents a na"°.

thal is tateragtaa m aaawUtal eseaWa rasaa

than dlplomatlc methods. lt has received ciei-

Inl'e lasUaUhaas from SecTetary Root. k'-1'

expected to exerclse full dlscrotlon ln *?»££*u«elf to Bitnatlons and in dealing wtth all qj

tloB- ln a conclllatory splrit of accomrn.^atK>lt ataada for posltlve pollcles. unrestricte.iluSSl.n nnd full publictty; and being-og*-lna cbrle of European Jeatauslea nnd »<v

iympatby with the Spanish-American rejot>nou admltted for the flrst time £this ^cnC.p, ,c it has a unique opportunlty for »««««

n; other deleaatlona and ^£*^25Ptical resolta It is entering upon »^f £the buoyant hopefulneas charac^lstK o ^Amefrican people. . ^

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