An Analysis of the Concept of Public Participation Using the third World Bank Commercial Agriculture

Project in Nigeria (FADAMA III) As A Case Study.

ByAbdulkareem Abdulrazaq Kayode

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what is public participation?Why public participation ?Approaches to public participation ?Case Study: Fadama III Agricultural

Project in NigeriaWhat is Fadama Agricultural Project?Elements of Fadama Agricultural Project?CDD approach to Fadama Agricultural ProjectWho are the stakeholders involved----- The Process Involved

OUTLINE

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“I know of no safe depository of the

ultimate powers of society but the people themselves; and if we think them not enlightened enough to exercise their control with a wholesome discretion, the remedy is not to take it from them, but to inform their discretion.”

Thomas Jefferson, 1820

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What is Public Participation? Oakley (1989).An active process where intended

beneficiaries influence programmes, outcomes and gain personal growth

Kumar (2002) holds the view that public participation includes the people’s engagement throughout the decision making process, in implementing programmes, in the sharing of the benefits of development programmes and in efforts to evaluate such programmes

Rahman (1993) defines public participation as the principle of grassroots approach to development practice of which there is a collective effort by the people concerned in an organized framework to pool efforts and whatever other resources they decide to pool together, to attain objectives they set for themselves

INTRODUCTION

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Why Public Participation

People centered; Make policies and projects sustainable Empowerment of the people; Feel of ownership- avoidance of orphans and white

elephant projects; efficiency Accountability, transparency and stewardship

Introduction cont’d

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Approaches to public participation

Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) Wealth Ranking Focus Group Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) etc

Introduction cont’d

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Background of the project: World Bank assisted project Commercial agricultural project A project to correct the failures of the past I & II FADAMA

projects The use of CDD approach

Components of FADAMA Capacity Building, local government and communication Small scale community-owned infrastructure Advisory services and input support development. Support to the Agricultural Development Programs (ADPs)

sponsored research and on-farm demonstrations. Asset acquisition for individual Fadama Users Groups

(FUGs)/Economic Interest Groups (EIGs) Project management, monitoring and evaluation

Case study: FADAMA III AGRICULTURAL PROJECT IN NIGERIA

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Community driven development (CDD) is an

approach, particularly in large rural development programmes, which puts communities and local government in control of the development process. In particular, control over planning decisions and investment resources. ITAD

CDD brings together, in a practical manner, participatory approaches, subsidiarity in governance, community empowerment, responsive government, and local capacity building.

What is CDD?

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“Fadama III Rural Agriculture Project Fast Becoming a

Household Name in Nigeria” Global food Security “The project takes the Community Driven

Development (CDD) approach, which places beneficiaries in the driver’s seat. Local community members, under the umbrella of Fadama Community Associations (FCAs) and Fadama User Groups (FUGs), oversee the design and implementation of the project and are empowered through skills and capacity-building to improve their livelihoods by increasing income generating activities” World Bank

The Community Driven Development (CDD) approach to Rural Development has increasingly become popular due to its potential to develop projects that are sustainable and responsive to local priorities

Case study: FADAMA III AGRICULTURAL PROJECT IN NIGERIA

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FADAMA III project has a systematic structure that gives voice

to the communities and connects them to the government. It is empowering the grassroots, creating employment and reducing poverty using the bottom-top and CDD approach.

the project is anchored on Community Driven Development (CDD) approach, through the use of extensive facilitation and adoption of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), as well as social inclusiveness principles in preparation of Local Development Plan (LDP)

the CDD approach has proven to be a veritable tool for rural development efforts, especially in capacity building process, towards the realisation of the agricultural and food security agenda of the world.

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The stakeholders involved in this Project can be largely grouped into two:

The Critical stakeholders The Host community The Commodity Interest Groups The Fadama User Groups Fadama Community Association The Local Government

Passive stakeholders The Donor- World Bank The Federal Government The State Government The Banks involved. The Press

Stakeholders Involved

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The central coordinating office is the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and food reserve in collaboration with the Federal Ministry of Women Affairs and National Planning commission.

Each of the 36 states has a State Steering Committee comprising of a representative from the Agric Ministry, Women Affairs, Commerce and Industry, Works and the Ministry of Rural Development and Energy Commission.

Much emphasis were laid at the Local government and the Beneficiary levels. The Beneficiaries were divided into Commodity/Economic Interests Groups and Fadama User Groups and legally registered through Facilitators and a Sub- Facilitators for each group who serves as the Community Development Officer from the Local Government Concerned.

The Process Involved

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These groups are responsible for initiation, deliberation,

execution, monitoring and evaluation of their sub- projects Their sub- projects are compiled together to form the Local

Development Plan (LDP) These groups submit monthly report of their activities through

their facilitator who as a CDO process requests from the local government level up to the federal government level if need be

Trainings and Advisory services are offered to these groups by their facilitators and sub- facilitators in case of technical issues

Beneficiaries who are non- commodity like groups are grouped into Fadama Users Group (FUG).

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The CIGs and the FUGs elects a president, secretary

and a treasurer among themselves duly monitored by the CDO.

These elected officers can only serve one term in office for accountability and transparency

The Funding of sub- projects presented in the LDPs are done through COUNTERPART FUNDING of ratio 75%, 20 %and 5%- the World Bank, the Federal Government and the Beneficiaries respectively.

The CIGs and the FUGs are aligned into cooperative societies where beneficiaries can contribute part of their earnings and use it to set off their portion of the counterpart funding and for future sponsorship when the World Bank leaves.

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