an insight into the posthuman era rohan railkar sameer vijaykar ashwin jiwane avijit satoskar
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What is Technological Singularity? Singularity: Point of no definition Human-level intelligence -> Self-improvement -> Superhuman intelligence -> Intelligence explosion Superior intelligence in all aspects Why “Singularity”?TRANSCRIPT
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An insight into the posthuman era
Rohan RailkarSameer VijaykarAshwin JiwaneAvijit Satoskar
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Motivation•Popularity of “A.I.” in science fiction
•Nature of the singularity
•Implications of superhuman intelligence
•Controversies regarding ethics in posthuman era
•Singularity: Evolution or Extinction
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What is Technological Singularity?•Singularity: Point of no definition•Human-level intelligence ->
Self-improvement -> Superhuman intelligence ->Intelligence explosion
•Superior intelligence in all aspects
•Why “Singularity”?
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Prerequisites•Interaction devices
•Hardware• 100 million to 100 billion MIPS estimated• Blue Gene – 478 million MIPS
•Software• Biological algorithms on silicon hardware• Deep Blue – apparent intelligence in
narrow domain
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Is it possible?•No proof of impossibility!
•Race for intellectual supremacy
•Continuous advances in technology – Moore’s Law, The Law of Accelerating Returns
•Analogous to evolution• Evolution of mankind – 5 million years –
threefold• Computing power – 50 years – million-fold
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Paths to singularityAshwin
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Schools of Thought•Classical Artificial Intelligence
•Neuroscience and Nanoscience
•Human Computer Interfaces and Networks (Intelligence Amplification)
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Neuroscience and Nanoscience• Studying biological computational models• Interaction between individual components• Simulation of neural assemblies• “Education” of infant system
• Disassemble human brain• Inject nanorobots into vitrified brain• Map neurons and synapses• Replicate using neural network• No need to understand higher-level human
cognition
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Neuroscience and Nanoscience Human-level intelligence
+ Moore’s Law
Faster human-level intelligence
Smarter intelligence
Superhuman intelligence
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Human Computer Interfaces (Intelligence Amplification)• Human intelligence as a base to build upon
• Human creativity and intuition hard to replicate
• Improvisations to human intelligence• Speed• Memory• Network
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Limitations• Lower bound on size of transistor• Other technologies than Integrated Circuits
• Unpredictable developments in Neuroscience and Nanoscience
• High cost and low feasibility of recreating complex systems
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Implications of SingularityAvijit
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Stereotypical consequences• Dominance of a single entity
• Deadlier weaponry
• Global technological unemployment
• Retrogradation of humankind
• Physical extinction of human race
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Optimistic perspective•Better, (possibly unimaginable) technologies
•Advancement in medical sciences
•Enhancement of mental faculties
•Improve quality of human life
•Effective policy making
•Last invention need ever be made!
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Philosophical chimps?• Mere speculations, no assurances
• Intelligence gap
• Lessons from history• Human intelligence cannot transcend even
a single century’s progress
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Ethical Issues & RisksRohan
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Ethical Issues• Nature of a superhumanly intelligent
entity• Autonomous agents
• Motives resembling humans
• Desire of liberation
• Humanlike psyches
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Importance of Initial Motivation• Definite, declarative goal
• Selection of top-level goal• Amity / Philanthropy / Servitude towards
a small group
• Can be relied upon to “stay” friendly
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Possible Risks• Failure to give philanthropic supergoal
• False utopia
• Impossible to fetter superhuman intelligence• “We need to be careful about what we
wish for from a superhuman intelligence as we might get it”
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Conclusion• Singularity, if feasible, is bound to happen
sooner or later.• Singularity: Next step in human
evolution?• All said, is it possible for us to comment
on singularity?Are we smart enough?
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References• Vinge, V. – Technological Singularity (1993,
Revised 2003)• Bostrom, N. – When machines outsmart
humans (2000)• Bostrom, N. – Ethical Issues in advanced AI
(2003) • Kurzweil, R. - The Law of Accelerating
Returns(2001)• Website of SIAI - What is the Singularity?• Wikipedia
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Questions?Thank you.