• An unbroken view of an entire surrounding area, or survey

• A picture or series of pictures representing a continuous scene

Early panoramas were made by placing two or more photographic plates side-by-side. These were silver- coated copper plates that produced highly detailed images.

Panorama of San Francisco - 1851

By the late 19th century, cameras were manufactured specifically for producing panoramas. These cameras typically were designed to allow both the camera and the film to rotate up to 360-degrees.

The Cirkut camera was patented in 1904. Both the camera and the film rotated on a special tripod during the exposure. It used large format film, ranging in width from 5" to 16" and was capable of producing a photograph measuring……………

………up to 20 feet long!!

• allow for a 30-40% overlap between shot sectors

• understand how perspective will impact your shot

• use a tripod if possible

• anticipate and account for light and motion differences during the shot sequence

• experiment and practice

Moving the camera creates a common perspective, but isn’t always practical

Subjects that are farther from the camera will cause perspective differences

Subjects placed equidistance from the camera can reduce perspective differences

Panoramic Cameras - The Library of Congress

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