anadolu Ünİversİtesİ aÇikÖĞretİm fakÜltesİ İngİlİzce ii tÜrkÇe...

ANADOLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ

AÇIKÖĞRETİM FAKÜLTESİ

İNGİLİZCE II

TÜRKÇE DERS NOTLARI

Ferit KILIÇKAYA

kilickaya.scienceontheweb.net

[email protected]

İngilizce II Türkçe Ders Notları 2017

[email protected] Sayfa | 2



Yes, ------ is

No, ----- isn’t

Yes, ----- are

No, ----- aren’t

Tek istisna

A: Are you from a big family?

B: Yes, I am.

No, I’m not.

Yes, we are.

No, we aren’t.

***** You ile sorulmuş hiçbir sorunun cevabında You olmaz.

******* Cevabı I veya WE ile başlayan cümlenin SORUSUNDA

MUTLAKA “YOU” olur.

A: Is she from a big family?

B: ----- .

A. Yes, he is

B. No, she isn’t

C. She is

D. No, I’m not.

E. She is from İzmir

A: Are you from Peru?

B: ----- .

A. Yes, I am.

B. No, he isn’t

C. Yes, she is

D. I am from Adana

E. I live in Peru

Is ile sorulmuş soruya mutlaka is ile cevap veririz. Aynı şekilde Are ile sorulmuş her sorunun

cevabında bir durum hariç are ile cevap verilir.



Yes, ------ do

No, ----- don’t

Yes, ----- does

No, ----- doesn’t

A: Do you have any brothers and sisters?

B: Yes, I do

No, I don’t

Yes, we do

No, we don’t

***** You ile sorulmuş hiçbir sorunun cevabında You olmaz.

******* Cevabı I veya WE ile başlayan cümlenin SORUSUNDA


He, She, It zamirleri için Does

You, We, They zamirleri için Do kullanılır

A: Does your brother go to college?

B: Yes, he does.

No, he doesn’t.

***** What, Where ile başlayan sorulara asla Yes/No ile cevap

verilmez.

***** What is your name? What is your father’s name?

sorularının cevabı It’s ile başlar.

A: Do you and your friends get together?

B: No, ----- .

A. we do

B. they don’t

C. we don’t

D. she doesn’t

E. they do

A: What does your brother do?

B: ----- .

A. Yes, he does

B. No, he doesn’t

C. He works at a bank

D. He is 16 years old

E. He lives in Burdur.

SORU “DO” ile başlıyorsa, mutlaka cevapta “DO” veya “DON’T” olur.

CEVAPTA “DO” veya “DON’T” varsa SORUDA “DO” olur.

SORU “DOES” ile başlıyorsa, mutlaka cevapta “DOES” veya “DOESN’T” OLUR.

CEVAPTA “DOES” veya “DOESN’T” varsa SORUDA “DOES” olur.



Too --- Cümle olumluysa

Either --- Cümle

olumsuzsa

A: I don’t watch television. (Televizyon seyretmiyorum.)

B: I don’t either. (Ben de seyretmiyorum.)

A: I am very happy. (Çok mutluyum.)

B: I am too. (Ben de mutluyum)

A: I can shop for hours.

B: I can too.

Me too.

A: I can’t afford anything new.

B: I can’t either.

Me neither.

***** Too yerine me too

Either yerine me neither veya me either kullanılabilir.

***** Really? Gerçekten mi?

***** Actually Aslında anlamına gelmektedir.

A: I’m always nervous on first dates.

B: ----- .

A. Me either

B. I am too

C. She isn’t either

D. I can

E. He is

A: I don’t watch much television.

B: ----- .

A. I don’t either

B. I am too

C. He does too

D. We do too

E. She doesn’t either

Too ve Either Kelimeleri

Şıklarda too veya either ile ilgili kelimeler varsa cevap bunlardan biridir.



Kendisinden sonra to YALIN FİİL veya ING isteyen

fiiller

Kendisinden sonra to YALIN FİİL

isteyen fiiller

LOVE to swim

LIKE to play pool

HATE to work out

PREFER to watch TV

LOVE swimming

LIKE playing pool

HATE working out

PREFER watching TV

Do you like watching TV?

WOULD LIKE to dance

‘D LIKE to dance

Would you like to go out for lunch?

Would you like to dance with me?

********** Enjoy fiilinden sonra gelen fiil ING alır. I enjoy READING.

Good at drawing people

Bad at singing

Interested in skiing

Are you good at -----?

A. to skate

B. to skating

C. skating

D. skates

E. skate

Do you enjoy -----?

A. to cook

B. cooking

C. to cooking

D. cook

E. cooks

I’m not interested in ----- .

A. to bowl

B. bowling

C. bowl

D. to bowling

E. bowls

Erica can’t ----- at all.

A. sing

B. singing

C. sings

D. to sing

E. to singing

Can ve Can’t kelimelerinden sonra fiil yalın halde bulunur. Yani hiçbir ek (-es, ing)

almaz.

I can play the piano.

I can’t sing a song.

She can dance.



It’s a nice song. I like ----- .

A. him

B. her

C. it

D. us

E. you

I like Tarkan. He is a good singer. What do

you think of ----- ?

A. you

B. her

C. it

D. him

E. us

We play in a band. Come listen to ----- .

A. me

B. us

C. her

D. him

E. them

They are local guys. Do you like ----?

A. me

B. him

C. her

D. us

E. them

NESNE ZAMİRLERİ

me beni / bana

you seni /sana

him onu /ona (erkekler için)

her onu /ona (bayanlar için)

it onu / ona (bitki, hayvan, cansız)

us bizi /bize

you Size /size

them onları /onlara

Cümlede geçen kişi zamirine göre belirler. Yani, cümledede kimden bahsediliyorsa ona göre

nesne zamiri seçilir.



Yes, ------ is

No, ----- isn’t

Yes, ----- are

No, ----- aren’t

!!! Soru Is ile sorulmuşsa

kısa cevapta da is veya

isn’t kullanılır.

Soru Are ile sorulmuşsa

kısa cevapta da are veya

aren’t kullanılır.

Şimdiki Zaman

A: Are you doing your homework?

B: Yes, I am.

No, I’m not

Yes, we are

No, we aren’t

A: Is she coming with us?

B: Yes, she is.

No, she isn’t.

!!! You ile sorulmuş hiçbir sorunun cevabında You olmaz.

!!! Cevabı I veya WE ile başlayan cümlenin SORUSUNDA


!!! How, What ile başlayan soruların cevabında Yes / No olmaz.

He

She

It

Ayşe

Lisa

is

sleeping

now

at present

these days

Şimdiki Zaman

Şimdi zamanda ilgili özneye bağlı olarak

“am”, “is” veya “are” yazdıktan sonra

FİİLE (ing) ekini ekleriz.

Bu cümlelerin olumsuz halini de (is not,

isn’t), (am not veya I’m not) ve (aren’t,

are not) yaparak oluştururuz. Ancak

fiildeki (ing) ekini hiçbir zaman

kaldırmayız.

She isn’t sleeping.

They aren’t sleeping.

We are not sleeping.

I am sleeping now

at present

these days

We

You

They

Ahmet and

Ayşe

are

sleeping

now

at present

these days

Is ile sorulmuş soruya mutlaka is ile cevap veririz. Aynı şekilde Are ile sorulmuş her

sorunun cevabında bir durum hariç are ile cevap verilir.



Sandra: You always look great. How do you

stay in shape?

Ashley: Well, I ----- any junk food these

days.

A) am not taking

B) don’t take

C) doesn’t take

D) am not

E) take

Brian: Do you get regular exercise?

Nalan: Yes, I ----- .

A) doesn’t B) am

C) are D) do

E) don’t

Carmen: Is she trying to lose weight?

Michael: No, she ----- .

A) is

B) doesn’t

C) don’t

D) isn’t

E) aren’t

Lisa: What sports are you playing these

days?

Ferit: ----- .

A) I love pop music

B) I’m doing karate

C) She is coming to visit is

D) You are playing tennis

E) I like reading books.

What do you do ----- you have a cold?

A) because

B) so

C) when

D) which

E) what

---- I have a fever, I take medicine.

A) when

B) so

C) which

D) what

E) because

When ve if iki cümleyi birbirine bağlamada kullanılır.

If bir şartı bildirirken, when –dığında, diğinde anlamını (bir şey olduğunda) anlamını

vermektedir.

Örneğin: When I have a fever, I usually take medicine. veya

I usually take medicine when I have a fever.

If I have a really bad cold, I take medicine.

I take medicine if I have a really a bad cold.

!! İki cümle varsa ve şıklarda When varsa, hemen When ifadesini seçiyoruz. When yoksa if

ifadesini seçebiliriz.



I need to go to a dentist. I have ----- .

A) a stomachache B) a bad cough C) a fever D) a toothache E) the flu

Mark: What is the matter with you?

Sonia: I have a fever. I think I’m getting ----- .

A) the flu B) a toothache C) a headache D) an allergy E) a stomachache

Hanzo: What is the matter with you?

Sonia: I feel ----- .

A) a cold

B) sick

C) a fever

D) an allergy

E) a stomachache

I get colds all the time. -----? A) Are you sick B) What can I do C) Do you do exercise D) How are you E) Are you fine

Hastalıklar

a fever (ateş) a cough (öksürük) a stomachache (karın ağrısı)

a toothache (diş ağrısı) a headache (baş ağrısı) a cold (soğuk algınlığı) allergy (alerji)

sneeze (hapşırmak) a sore throat (boğaz ağrısı) feel sick (hasta hissetmek)

the flu (nezle)

What is the matter with you? Sorun ne? Problem ne?

a cold >> a soar throat

allergy >> sneeze

a toothache >> go to a dentist

a fever >> the flu

headache >> loud music



Yes, ------ is

No, ----- isn’t

Yes, ----- are

No, ----- aren’t

Tek istisna

A: Are you going to have a party?

B: Yes, I am.

No, I’m not.

Yes, we are.

No, we aren’t.

A: Are your parents going to buy you something nice?

B: Yes, they are.

No, they aren’t.

A: Is he going to be 40 next week?

B: Yes, he is

No, he isn’t.

!! You ile sorulmuş hiçbir sorunun cevabında You olmaz.

!! Cevabı I veya WE ile başlayan cümlenin SORUSUNDA


am / is / are going to (Gelecek Zaman)

“ecek” / “acak” anlamını cümleye vermede kullanılır.

I am going to buy something special. (Özel bir şey alacağım.)

You are going to get a present. (Hediye alacaksın.)

She is going to be 50. (50 yaşına girecek / 50 yaşında olacak).

He is going to help me. (Bana yardım edecek.)

We are going to send some flowers. (Bir kaç çiçek göndereceğiz.)

They are going to have a party. (Onlar parti yapacak.)

Soru sorarkan Am /Is / Are başa getirilir.

Are you going to have a party?

Is she going to be 40 next week?

!! Şimdiki zaman gelecek zaman görevinde kullanılabilir.

We’re meeting friends at 8.30. (Arkadaşlarla saat 8.30’da buluşuyoruz.)

What are you doing tomorrow? (Yarın ne yapıyorsun(unuz)?

My friend is getting married next week. (Arkadaşım gelecek hafta evleniyor.)

Is ile sorulmuş soruya mutlaka is ile cevap veririz. Aynı şekilde Are ile sorulmuş her

sorunun cevabında bir durum hariç are ile cevap verilir.



She ----- 40 next week. A) is B) is going to be

C) does D) do

E) are going to be

My parents are going ----- 65 on their next

birthday. A) to be B) being

C) be D) to being

E) to

What ----- you going to do for her

birthday?

A) do B) does

C) are D) can

E) did

It is very cold. I think it ----- tomorrow. A) is going to snow B) snows

C) snowing D) is snowing

E) snow

A: Is your brother going to enter a

university?

B: Yes, ----- .

A) he is

B) she isn’t

C) he isn’t

D) you are

E) I am

A: Is she going to be in İzmir next month?

B: No, ----- .

A) she is

B) she isn’t

C) she doesn’t

D) she does

E) he isn’t

Gelecek zamanda kullanılan zaman ifadeleri:

tomorrow (yarın) next week / month (gelecek hafta /ay)

next birthday (gelecek doğumgünü) this weekend (bu hafta sonu)

Nesne Zamirleri:

me (bana) him (ona / erkek) her (ona / bayan)

you (sana) us (bize) them (onlara)



December is the ----- month of the

year.

A) second B) tenth

C) fourth D) twelfth

E) sixth

July is the ----- month of the year. A) sixth B) seventh

C) eighth D) nineth

E) tenth

----- is the twelfth month of the year. A) June B) August

C) November D) December

E) September

May is the ----- month of the year.

A) first B) second

C) third D) fifth

E) sixth

Aylar:

January (the first month) 1.

February (the second month) 2.

March (the third month) 3.

April (the fourth month) 4.

May (the fifth month) 5.

June (the sixth month) 6.

July (the seventh month) 7.

August (the eighth month) 8.

September (the nineth month) 9.

October (the tenth month) 10.

November (the eleventh month) 11.

December (the twelfth month) 12.

ÖNEMLİ UYARI !!

SADECE AY VERİLİYORSA, ----- May gibi “in” kullanıyoruz. in May

ANCAK AYIN YANINDA SAYI VERİLİYORSA,

---on-- May the sixteenth “on” kullanıyoruz.

--on--- the sixteenth of May



I

He

She

It

Aşkın

David

Ayhan

was / wasn’t

Was ile sorulmuş her sorunun cevabında

Yes, …. was.

No, ----- wasn’t

ile cevap veriliyir. Yani, cevapta mutlaka was veya

wasn’t bulunur.

You

were /weren’t

They

We

Were ile sorulmuş her sorunun cevabında bir durum

hariç were ile cevap verilir.

Yes, ------ were.

No, ----- weren’t.

ile cevap verilir. Tek istisna

A: Were you at school yesterday?

B: Yes, I was.

No, I wasn’t.

Yes, we were.

No, we weren’t.

***** You ile sorulmuş hiçbir sorunun cevabında

You olmaz.

******* Cevabı I veya WE ile başlayan cümlenin

SORUSUNDA MUTLAKA “YOU” olur.

was / born (doğmak)

Olumlu

I was born in Burdur.

He

She

We were born in Burdur.

They

You

!!------ born diye bir soru

sorulursa özneye göre was / were

cevabı seçilir.

Did veya diğer ifadeler seçilmez.

Olumsuz

I wasn’t born in 1995

He

She

We weren’t born in

1995.

They

You



Where ----- you born? A) was B) were

C) did D) are

E) do

Rick: Where were you born?

Dina: I ----- born in Burdur. A) am B) did

C) was D) were

E) does

A: Were you born in İzmir?

B: Yes, I ---- .

A) were

B) was

C) did

D) am

E) do

A: Was she born in 1995?

B: No, she ----- .

A) wasn’t

B) was

C) is

D) does

E) did

Did ile başlayan her sorunun cevabında mutlaka did veya didn’t bulunur. Tersi durumda da

yani cevapta did veya didn’t varsa soruda cümle başında da Did bulunur. Bu durum

kişiden kişiye değişmez. Yani her özne için kullanılabilir.

A: Did you go to bed late last night?

B: Yes, I did.

No, I didn’t.

A: Did Ayşe pass her exam?

B: Yes, she did.

No, she didn’t.

!! Bu cevaplar verilirken, cevap kısa kesilir. Yani, Yes, I did go veya No, I didn’t go

gibi devam edilmez.



Ramon: Did you live there for a long

time?

Ling: Yes, I ----- .

A) did B) was

C) am D) were

E) didn’t

A: ----- you live there for a long time?

B: No, we didn’t.

A) Did

B) Were

C) Was

D) Are

E) Does

A: Did she have fun at the party?

B: No, she ----- .

A) did

B) was

C) is

D) isn’t

E) didn’t

Where ----- you grow up?

A) are

B) were

C) did

D) does

E) is

I went to elementary school -----

1991 to 1995. A) from B) in

C) until D) last

E) ago

My best friend was born 20 years ----- . A) on B) at

C) ago D) last

E) in

I learned to ride a bicycyle -----

1988. A) on B) at

C) ago D) last

E) in

I lived in Ankara ------ ten years. Then I

moved to İzmir. A) for B) last

C) ago D) in

E) at

Geçmiş zamanda kullanılan ifadeler:

Last year (Geçen sene) In May (Mayıs ayında)

In 2002 (2002 yılında) three years ago (üç sene önce)

For six years (6 yıldır) from 1996 to 1998 (1996’dan 1998’e kadar)



----- the children in my town take

English.

A) None B) Some

C) A few D) All

E) Most

----- my classmates got As in the exam.

A) Some A) A few

C) Most D) No

E) None of

ÖNEMLİ UYARI !!!

All (of)

A lot of

Most of

Some of

A few

of

None of

the students in my class take Greek.

“the” kelimesi olduğunda sadece “all” veya “of “ yazan kelimeleri seçebiliriz.

------ them / us, my / your gibi zamir kullanılıyorsa “of” ile kullanılanlar

seçilebilir.



A: ----- there a drugstore around here?

B: Yes, there is ----- on the corner.

A) any

B) some

C) a

D) an

E) one

A: Is there a parking lot here?

B: No, there ----- .

A) is

B) are

C) was

D) isn’t

E) aren’t

Olumlu / Olumsuz Soru

There is

There isn’t

an Internet Café here.

a bank around here.

a supermarket.

a pool.

a jewelry store.

an electronics store

Is there an Internet Café here?

a bank around here?

a supermarket?

a pool?

a jewelry store?

an electronics store?

!! Tekil kelime yani a veya an varsa “is” kullanırız.

“Is” ile sorulmuş sorulara “Yes, there is” veya “No, there isn’t” ile cevap verilir.

Olumlu Soru

There are some gas stations.

good restaurants.

banks.

cash machines.

Are there any gas stations?

any good restaurants?

any banks?

any cash machines?

Olumsuz

There aren’t any gas stations.

any good restaurants.

any banks.

any cash machines.

!! Çoğul kelimeler (sonunda –s olan) veya some varsa “are” kullanılır.

!! Sorularda ve olumsuz cümlelerde çoğul kelimelerle birlikte “any” kullanılır.

!! Soru olmayan (düz) cümlede any varsa “aren’t” kullanılır.

“Are” ile sorulmuş sorulara “Yes, there are” veya “No, there aren’t” ile cevap verilir.

Cash >> ATM call >> pay phone



----- there a museum in this town?

A) Is

B) Are

C) Did

D) Was

E) Does

----- there any public restaurants near here?

A) Is

B) Did

C) Was

D) Are

E) Do

A: Are there any pay phones near

here?

B: ------. There is one over there.

A) Yes, there are

B) No, they aren’t

C) Yes, there is

D) No, there aren’t

E) There aren’t

A: Are there any coffee shops in this

neighborhood?

B: No, sorry, there aren’t ----- .

A) some

B) a

C) any

D) one

E) an

A: Where is the bus station?

B: It’s ----- First and Third Avenues.

A) at B) on C) between D) by

E) behind

A: Where is the university?

B: It’s ----- the end of the Kurna Street. A) at B) in

C) until D) ago

E) by

A: Where is the nearest supermarket?

B: It’s ----- the corner of TOKI Avenue. A) at A) in

C) under D) in front of

E) on

Yer ifadeleri:

at the end on the corner between X and XX



----- you tell me how to get to the train

station?

A) Do B) Does

C) Could D) Was

E) Were

A: ----- can I help you?

B: I’m looking for a jacket.

A) What B) How

C) Where D) When

E) Which

Ferhat: ----- I help you?

Ferit: Yes, thanks. Is this the right way to the hospital?

A) Could B) Can

C) Do D) Does

E) Was

TEKLİF VE ÖNERİ CÜMLELERİ

Teklif ______________

Can I help you? (Size yardımcı olabilir miyim?)

What can I do? (Ne yapabilirim?)

How can I help you? (Size nasıl yardımcı olabilirim?)

Talep / İstek________________________________________

Can you help me? (Bana yardımcı olabilir misiniz?)

Can you tell me how to get to the station? (İstasyona nasıl gidebileceğimi söyler misiniz?)

Could you give me the book? (Kitabı bana verebilir misiniz?)

!!!!!!!!!! COULD sadece YOU ile kullanılabilir.

Could you help me?

Could you tell me?



A: The concert tickets cost $60 each.

B: They cost ----- ?

A) how far C) where

B) how much D) what

E) what kind

A: There’s a great bicyle path.

B: I’m sorry, there is -----?

A) where C) where

B) what D) how much

E) what kind

A: The stadium is on State Street.

B: Excuse me, the stadium is -----?

A) where C) how far

B) what D) how much

E) what kind

A: The aquarium closes at 8:30.

B: Sorry, the acquarium closes -----?

A) how far C) what time

B) where D) how far

E) what kind

A: Let’s go to the museum. It’s just a few blocks away.

B: Sorry, its’ just -----?

A) what C) how far

B) what time D) how much

E) what kind

WH- SORULAR

How far Ne kadar uzaklıkta (kilometres, minutes)

How much Kaç lira (20$, 30 TL)

What Ne

What kind of Ne çeşit / tür (pop music, gift)

What time Ne zaman (10:15, 11.00)

Where Nerede /nereye (Beach, restaurant)

DİKKAT!!! SIK KULLANILAN EDATLAR

Except for apart from good at bad at interested in

Six years ago last year in August in July in 1980

From 1980 to 1990 between X and XX on July the first on the first of July

at the end on the corner



Mastar

It is easy to find bargains online.

It’s not hard to do.

It is not safe to pay online with a credit card.

It isn’t necessary to know a language.

Is it good to make reservations in advance.

nice to see you again.

expensive to find your country.

important to go on time.

OK to go out

!!! It is / It isn’t / Is it kalıbından sonra sıfat (easy, safe) geliyorsa devamında to fiil (yalın

halde) eklenir.

!!! Cümle sonlarında amaç bildiren ifadeler to fiil (yalın halde) kullanılarak yazılır.

I’m going to get a phares book to learn some expressions.

I need to call the embassy to ask about a visa.

I need to go on the Internet to get a flight.

She is going to call a travel agent to get a hotel room.

They are going to buy a guidebook to find about the trains.

My brother is going to the bank to change some money.

I have a lot to do.

I’m planning to go the beach to go snorkeling

Jim needs to call the embassy to find out about visas.

He’s going to to go on the Internet to look for cheap flight online.

Ann hast to go to a bookstore to buy a good guidebook.

Marry is going to the library to do research.

I am going to go to the bank to change some money.

We are going to the mall to buy some suitcases.

They are going to the bus station to pick up a bus schedule.



A: Is it expensive ----- your country?

B: Yes, it is.

A. to visit

B. visits

C. visiting

D. visited

E. to visiting

She needs to call a travel agent ----- a hotel

room.

A. getting

B. to getting

C. to get

D. got

E. gets

It is a good idea ----- something warm if

you are going on a camping trip.

A. has

B. having

C. to have

D. to having

E. had

A: Next week, we are going on holiday in

Antalya.

B: I think you ----- take a lot of sunscreen.

A. need

B. have

C. should

D. are

E. were

Öneri ve tavsiyeler (should / shouldn’t)

You should take a hat because it is hot outside.

You shouldn’t take high heels.

I think you should stop smoking.

Maybe you should have something warm.

You should probably take some insect repellent.

You could borrow your dad’s hat.

You need to have warm clothes.

Do you want to pack some other

shoes?

Why don’t you take a hat?

It’s a good idea to pack a jacket.

Don’t forget to pack some battaries.

!!! Should (yapsan iyi olur) / shouldn’t / (yapmasan iyi olur) / anlamındadır. Should ve

shouldn’t kelimelerinden sonra fiil yalın halde kullanılır.

!!! need / want / a good idea / don’t forget ifadelerinden sonra to fiil (yalın halde)

kullanılır.



Bring extra ----- to use your radio.

A. pajamas

B. makeup

C. a towel

D. batteries

E. a razor

You should use ----- clean your teeth.

A. soap

B. toothpaste

C. a tent

D. sunscreen

E. a flashlight

Tomorrow, I’m going to go to the mall to

---- .

A. do research

B. buy a good book

C. learn French

D. look for a cheap flight

E. buy some suitcases

Ann has to go to the library because she

wants to ----- .

A. change some money

B. buy a good book

C. do research

D. look for a cheap flight

E. find out about visas

tootpaste diş macunu

sunscreen güneş kremi

pajamas pijama

shampoo şampuan

sleeping bag uyku tulumu

razor tıraş bıcağı

first-aid kit ilk yardım çantası

battery pil

makeup makyaj

Toothpaste to clean teeth

Sunscreen at the beach, not to get a sunburn

Pajamas before going to bed

Shampoo to wash hair

Razor to remove hair (men)

Battery (batteries) to get power for radio / flashlight

Makeup to look good (face)



WHOSE ……? SORU KELİMESİ

İngilizcede ‘whose’ soru kelimesi ‘kimin’ anlamına gelmektedir. ‘Whose’ soru kelimesini,

kime ait olduğu sorulan nesne veya şahıs takip eder. Bu şahıs ve nesneler, tekil veya çoğul

olabilir. Bunu ‘to be’ fiilinin uygun şekli ve özne izler. ‘Whose’ kelimesinden sonra gelen

isim çoğulsa ‘to be’ fiilinin çoğul hali, tekilse ‘to be’nin tekil hali kullanılır.

Whose bathing suit it this? It’s my bathing suit. It’s mine.

Whose jewellery is this? They’re your earrings. They are yours.

It’s her jewellery. It’s hers.

Whose clothes are these? They’re his shoes. They’re his.

They’re our things. They’re ours.

It’s their stuff. It’s theirs.

!!! Whose kelimeesinden sonra tekil bir ifade varsa It’s ile, çoğul bir ifade varsa they ile

cevap verilir.

!!!! It is mine. It is my jacket. They are his. They are ours gibi cevaplarda soruda

mutlaka WHOSE olur.

!!!! My / your / her / our/ their/ sahiplik sıfatlarından sonra mutlaka isim gelir.

!!!!Mine / hers / ours / yours/ theirs sahiplik zamirlerinden sonra isim kullanılmaz.

!!!! his duruma göre sahiplik sıfatı veya sahiplik zamiri olabilir.

It’s his book. It’s his.

Sahiplik Sıfatları Sahiplik Zamirleri my benim mine benimki

your senin / sizin yours seninki /sizinki

his onun his onunki (erkekler için )

her onun hers onunki (kadınlar için )

our bizim ours bizimki

their onların theirs onlarınki

a friend of mine Ardaşlarımdan birisi



A: My cell phone is not working. Can

I borrow ---- ?

B: Yes, of course you can.

A. mine

B. ours

C. yours

D. theirs

E. his

A: What do you do with your old clothes?

B: Sometimes I give things to a friend of ----- .

A. my

B. him

C. mine

D. her

E. its

A: I’m looking for ----- jacket.

B: Is this jacket ----- ?

A. my / mine

B. my / your

C. mine / yours

D. my / yours

E. her / her

My brother lost ----- glasses. He cannot find

them anywhere.

A. her

B. yours

C. hers

D. mine

E. his

One / ones Zamirleri

One kelimesi, tekil isimlerin yerine geçer.

Ones kelimesi, çoğul isimlerin yerine geçer.

A: Those small round speakers are cool

B: Which ones?

A: Which rug does Meg like?

B: She likes the red one.

I like the square mirrors. Which ones do you like?

I love the big clock. Which one do you like?



I like the green rug. Which ----- do

you like?

A. the rug

B. one

C. ones

D. it

E. they

A: Which speakers does John like?

B: He likes the little silver ----- on the right.

A. ones

B. it

C. them

D. these

E. one

İSTEK İFADELERİ

Do you mind if I use your phone? (Telefonunuzu kullanmamda bir sakınca var mı?)

Would you mind using your phone?

Can I use your phone? (Telefonunuzu kullabilir miyim?)

Could you chop the onions? (Soğanları doğrayabilir misiniz?)

!!! Do you mind ifadesinden sonra if I + yalın fiil kullanıyoruz.

Do you mind if I make one quick call?

No, go ahead. / No, not at all. / No problem.

!!! Would you mind ifadesinden sonra fiile –ing ekliyoruz.

Would you mind helping me with dinner tonight?

No, go ahead. / No, not at all. / No problem.

!!!Could ifadesi sadece you ile kullanılabilir (istek ifadelerinde).

Could you get some milk for me?



Do you mind if I ----- your dictionary?

A. use

B. using

C. to use

D. to using

E. used

Would you mind ----- me in the kitchen?

A. help

B. to help

C. helping

D. to helping

E. helped

A: ----- you mind answering the phone

for me?

B: No problem.

A. Do

B. Would

C. Does

D. Are

E. Could

A: Can I use your phone?

B: ----- . I do not have it with me.

A. Sure.

B. I’m sorry.

C. OK.

D. No problem.

E. Go ahead.

He checks his e-mail messages ----- he

finishes his breakfast.

A. then

B. first

C. as soon as

D. next

E. last

First, I wash my face. ----- I brush my teeth.

A. After

B. As soon as

C. During

D. Then

E) When

Olayları Sıralama

First (İlk önce) First, I wash my hands.

Next / Then (Sonra) Then, I brush my teeth.

Before (Bir şeyden önce) I go to bed before 22.00.

After (Bir şeyden sonra) I sleep after I watch TV.

As soon as (Yapar yapmaz) As soon as I get home, I take off my clothes.

During (esnasında) My mother doesn’t watch TV during dinner.



Past Continuous (Geçmiş Zamanın Hikayesi)

Past Continuous Tense, geçmişte süreklilik bildiren eylemleri anlatırken kullanılır.

Geçmişte tamamlanmış eylemler için ise Simple Past (Geçmiş zaman) ifadeeleri kullanılır.

Kullanılan yapı: was / were FİİL+ing

I was talking to a woman, and I missed my stop. (Bir kadinla konuşuyordum ve durağı

kaçırdım. )

He was playing football, and he hurt his foot. (Futbol oynuyordu ve ayağını incitti.)

We were making dinner, and our friend called. (Yemeği hazırlıyorduk ve arkadaşımız

aradı.

I

He

She was / wasn’t having lunch in the restaurant.

It

Ahmet

Ferhat

We

You

They were / weren’t having lunch in the restaurant.

Ferhat and Mehmet

My parents

Past Continuous Tense kullanılırken, genellikle iki cümle olur ve bu iki cümle WHEN

kelimesi ile birbirine bağlanır.

A friend of mine deleted all my files when she was using my computer.

(Arkadaşlarımdan birisi, bilgisayırımı kullanırken bütün dosyalarımı sildi.)

When my friend was using my computer, she deleted all my files.

(Arkadaşım bilgisayarımı kullanırken, bütün dosyalarımı sildi. )

!!! When kelimesinden sonra, genellikle Past Continuous kullanılılır.

A few weeks ago, when I was making dinner, my friend called.

(Birkaç hafta önce, akşam yemeğinı hazırlarken, arkadaşım aradı. )



When my friend ----- my computer, she

deleted all my files.

A. using

B. were using

C. to using

D. uses

E. was using

A: How did she hurt herself?

B: ----- she was making tea, she burned herself.

A. Why

B. When

C. Whose

D. Who’s

E. What

An embarrassing thing happened ----- I

was studying at university.

A. but

B. when

C. then

D. whose

E. because

I ------ lunch in a restaurant when the server

accidentally spilt water all over me.

A. have

B. has

C. having

D. were having

E. was having

Past Continuous (Geçmiş Zamanın Hikayesi) Soru Sorma

Past Continuous Tense ile soru sorarkan Was / Were kelimeleri başta olur ve cevaplarda da

bu kelimeler bulunur. Ancak soruda Were you ------ ise cevap mutlaka I was veya I

wasn’t, We were veya We weren’t olur.

A: Were you going to work when I called you? (Seni aradığımda işe mi gidiyordun?)

B: Yes, I was. Yes, we were.

No, I wasn’t. No, we weren’t

A: Was he playing tennis when he broke his leg? (Ayağını kırdığında tenis mi oynuyordu?)

B: Yes, he was.

No, he wasn’t.

A: What were you doing when you fell? (Düştüğünde ne yapıyordun?

B: I was talking on my cell phone. (Telefonla konuşuyordum.)

Hatırlatma:

!!! Did ile başlayan sorulara Yes, …. did veya No, …. didn’t ile cevap verilir.



A: Did you hurt yourself yesterday?

B: ----- .

A. I’m not.

B. I am

C. Yes, I did.

D. No, you didn’t.

E. Yes, I do.

A: Were you skiing with a friend?

B: ----- . I was by myself.

A. Yes, I was.

B. No, you weren’t.

C. Yes, you were.

D. I was.

E. No, I wasn’t.

A: Were your parents going on

holiday?

B: Yes, -----.

A) I was

B) there are

C) they were

D) they weren’t

E) she was

A:Was your brother having lunch?

B: No, he ----- .

A) was

B) is

C) doesn’t

D) wasn’t

E) weren’t

DÖNÜŞLÜLÜK ZAMİRLERİ

I myself

You yourself (tek kişi, sen)

Yourselves (çoğul, siz, sizzler)

He himself

She herself

We ourselves

They themselves

Sergül burned herself when she was cooking.

(Sergül, yemek yaparken kendini yaktı.)

Aşkın hurt himself when he was waiting for the train.

(Aşkın tren beklerken kendini incitti.)

I cut myself when I was chopping vegatables.

(Sebzeleri doğrarken kendimi kestim.)

George and Mary hurt themselves when they were lifting some heavy boxes.

(George ve Mary bazı ağır kutuları kaldırırken kendilerini incitti.)



My sister burnt ----- when she was

cooking.

A. myself

B. himself

C. themselves

D. herself

E. ourselves

I fell out of bed last night and hurt ----- .

A. himself

B. myself

C. yourself

D. themselves

E. ourselves

VÜCUDUMUZUN BÖLÜMLERİ

back sırt

I can’t move. I hurt my back. (Hareket edemiyorum. Sırtımı incittim.)

leg bacak

It’s hard to walk. I broke my leg. (Yürümek zor. Ayağımı kırdım.)

face yüz

I cut my face. It hurts to smile. (Yüzümü kestim. Gülünce ağrıyor.)

wrist bilek

I sprained my wrist. It’s hard to write. (Bileğimi incittim. Yazmak zor.)

toe ayak parmağı

It hurts to wear high weels. I broke my toe. (Yüksek topuklu giyince ağrıyor. Ayak parmağımı

kırdım.)

eye göz

I got a black eye. I can’t see clearly. (Gözüm morardı. Net göremiyorum.)

elbow dirsek

I can’t bend my arm. I hurt my elbow. (Kolumu bükemiyorum. Dirseğimi incittim.)

hand el

It’s hard to wash dishes. I cut my hand. (Bulaşık yıkamak zor geliyor. Elimi kestim.)

neck boyun

I hurt my neck. I cannot turn my head. (Boynumu incittim. Başımı döndüremiyorum.)

nose burun

I broke my nose. It is hard to breathe. (Burnumu kırdım. Nefes almak zor geliyor.)



It is hard to walk. I broke my ----- .

A. leg

B. nose

C. arm

D. face

E. shoulder

I got a black -----. I cannot see clearly.

A. eye

B. head

C. neck

D. leg

E. arm

There are sheets and pillows in the --- .

A) living room

B) bathroom

C) kitchen

D) bedroom

E) hall

In all houses, you can find a coffee maker in

the ----- .

A) living room

B) kitchen

C) bedroom

D) hall

E) bathroom

EV EŞYALARI

In the kitchen (mutfakta)

refrigerator buzdolabı

microwave mikrodalga

dishes tabaklar

oven fırın

coffee maker kahve makinesi

pots and pans kap kaçak

in the bedroom (yatak odasında)

sheets and pillows çarşaf ve yastıklar

dresser şifoniyer

in the bathroom (banyoda)

towels havlular

in the living room (oturma odasında)

sofa, TV koltuk, televizyon



KARŞILAŞTIRMA SIFATLARI

Kısa sıfatlar- Sonlarına –er veya sonuda y varsa –ier ekliyoruz.

slow (yavaş) slower (daha yavaş)

nice (hoş, güzel) nicer (daha hoş, güzel)

easy (kolay) easier (daha kolay)

big (büyük) bigger (daha büyük)

quick (çabuk) quicker (daha çabuk)

cheap (ucuz) cheaper (daha ucuz)

hard (zor) harder (daha zor)

noisy (gürültülü) nosier (daha gürültülü)

old (eski, yaşlı) older (daha eski, yaşlı)

small (küçük) smaller (daha küçük)

busy (meşgul, yoğun) busier (daha meşgul, yoğun)

new (yeni) newer (daha yeni)

cool (serin) cooler (daha serin)

funny (komik) funnier (daha eğlenceli)

Ancak;

Fun (eğlenceli-) more fun (daha eğlenceli)

Uzun sıfatlar – Bu sıfatların önüne more getiriyoruz.

personal (kişisel) more personal (daha kişisel)

expensive (pahalı) more expensive (daha pahalı)

convenient (uygun) more convenient (daha uygun)

important (önemli) more important (daha önemli)

interesting (ilginç) more interesting (daha ilginç)

boring (sıkıcı) more boring (daha sıkıcı)

difficult (zor) more difficult (daha zor)

popular (popüler) more popular (daha popüler)

useful (faydalı) more useful (daha faydalı)

!!!! Uzun sıfatların önüne less getirirsek, daha az anlamına gelir.

less expensive (daha az pahalı)

less important (daha az önemli)

Düzensiz sıfatlar

good (iyi) better (daha iyi)

bad (kötü) worse (daha kötü)

Postcards are slower than e-mail.

It’s more important to have a phone than to have a computer.

Online newspapers are better than regular newspapers.

Instant messaging is easier than text messaging.



Smart phones are ----- than regular

phone calls.

A) expensive

B) very expensive

C) expensive more

D) expensiver

E) more expensive

Paco’s parents think webcam calls are -----

than phone calls.

A) good

B) gooder

C) better

D) very good

E) more good

Regular computers are ----- than

laptops.

A) cheap

B) cheaper

C) more cheap

D) very cheap

E) cheap more

I think radios are ----- than TVs.

A) useful

B) more useful

C) very useful

D) usefuller

E) useful more

MORE LESS FEWER

More çoğul kelimeler,

sayısalamayan kelimeler ve

fiillerden önce gelir.

Less, sayılamayan kelimeler

ve fiillerden önce gelir.

Fewer, çoğul kelimelerden

önce gelir.

I get more calls than you.

I use a regular phone more

than a cell phone.

I talk more than you.

I make more calls during the

day.

I get more phone messages.

I do more text messaging

than instant messaging.

I write more letters.

I spend more time.

I spend less time on the

phone.

I talk less during at night.

I get fewer phone messages.

I write fewer letters than I

did two years ago.



When I’m on the phone, I talk -----

than I listen.

A) few

B) fewer

C) much

D) more

E) any

You get ----- calls that I do.

A) few

B) much

C) fewer

D) any

E) less

Look at my mailbox. It’s full. I get -----

junk mail than you do.

A) more

B) fewer

C) few

D) a lot of

E) any

You seem to have a lot ----- problems with

your Internet service provider than I do.

A) few

B) less

C) more

D) any

E) much

There is too much noise on the line.

They have ----- .

A) a bad connection

B) another call

C) a message

D) cut off

E) the wrong number

I’m sorry but Mr. Kılıçkaya is not in the

office. Please ----- after the tone.

A) leave a message

B) hold on

C) get cut off

D) have the wrong number

E) have a bad connection

TELEFON GÖRÜŞME İFADELERİ

have a bad connection (kötü bağlantı olması)

call me back (beni geri ara)

have another call (başka bir telefon görüşmesi yapmak)

leave a message (mesaj bırakmak)

have the wrong number (yanlış numara)

hold on (bekleyin lütfen)

get cut off (bağlantının kesilmesi



HAS GOT / HAVE GOT (Sahip olma)

He, She, It, Ahmet, Ferhat özneleri için ‘s got veya has got;

I, You, We, They, Ferhat and Mehmet, My parents (çoğul) özneleri için ‘ve got veya

have got kullanılır.

Cümle içinde “got” varsa has veya have mutlaka kullanılır.

He

She ‘s got / has got curly hair.

It

Ahmet

Ferhat

I

We

You ‘ve got / have got curly hair.

They

Ferhat and Mehmet

My parents

What does ----- look like? Görünüşü nasıldır?

Do ----- look alike? Birbirlerine benziyor mu?

Who does ----- look like? Kime benziyor?

How tall is / are -----? Boyu ne kadar?

What color is ------? Ne renk?

Who’s got curly hair? Kimin kıvırcık saçı var?

!!!!!! What is she like? Karakteri nasıldır? Nasıl bir insandır?

What does Aşkın look like? Aşkın’ın görünüşü nasıldır?

He is tall and thin. Uzun boylu ve zayıftır.

Who does she look like? Kime benziyor?

She looks like her father. Babasına benziyor.

How tall is her father? Babasının boyu nedir? Babası ne kadar uzundur?

He’s two meters five. İki metre 5 santim uzunluğunda.

What color is Ferit’s hair? Ferit’in saçı ne renktir?

It’s brown. (Ferit’in saçı) kahverengidir.



A: ----- ?

B: She is six foot seven inches.

A) How old is your sister?

B) How tall is your mother?

C) What does your mother look like?

D) Where is her sister?

E) Who does she look like?

----- his father got a new car?

A) Does

B) Has

C) Have

D) Is

E) Was

----- she have curly hair?

A) Do

B) Has

C) Does

D) Is

E) Are

A: ----- does your brother look like?

B: He is short and fat.

A) Who

B) What

C) Where

D) How

E) Why

FİİL + ing İSİM + edat

Kişileri başkalarından ayırt ederken yaptıkları eylemlerden veya giydikleri kıyafetlerden

bahsedebiliriz.

Which one is your roommate? Hangisi senin oda arkadaşın?

She’s the woman standing by the table. Masanın yanında duran kadın.

She’s the woman wearing black dress. Siyah elbise giyen kadın.

!!!Woman, man, guy, girl gibi kelimelerden sonra fiil gelirse –ing olanı seçiyoruz.

HATIRLATMA. Sıfatlardan sonra (important, good, nice) to fiil (yalın halde)

Which one is your roommate? Hangisi senin oda arkadaşın?

The woman with the long hair. Uzun saçlı kadın.

Who’s the guy in the blue shirt? Mavi gömlekli adam kim?

The one with glasses? Gözlüklü olan mı?

with the long hair in a shirt

glasses the suit

pants a pocket



A: Which one is your sister?

B: The one ----- a skirt.

A) to wear

B) to wearing

C) wearing

D) wear

E) wore

Who is the woman ----- next to Donald?

A) stand

B) to sand

C) to standing

D) standing

E) stands

Who’s the guy ----- the black shirt?

A) at

B) with

C) by

D) from

E) in

A: My sister is the woman standing by the

table.

B: Which one? The one ----- the long hair?

A) with

B) next to

C) in

D) at

E) by

KELİMELER

mustaches bıyık Men have mustaches.

Mustaches grow under a man’s nose.

beard sakal He has got a beard.

braces diş teli Braces make a person’s teeth straight.

(Diş telleri insanların dişlerini düzeltir.)

bald kel My friend hasn’t got hair. He is bald.

muscular kaslı My father is muscular.

fingernails tırnak Some women paint their fingernails.

ponytail at kuyruğu My brother wears his hair in a ponytail.

trendy, in moda This t-shirt is very trendy.

out moda geçmiş Tight jeans will soon be out.



will may might

Gelecekle ilgili tahminlerde, olay veya olgularda “will” veya ‘ll kullanılır.

It’ll be expensive to travel around Eroupe. Avrupa’yı gezmek pahalı olacak.

The baby will keep us busy. Bebek bize meşgul edecek.

I’ll be 65 in June. Haziran’da 65 olacağım.

It won’t be easy to find a job. İş bulmak kolay olmayacak.

I’ll = I will

I will not = I won’t

!!!! ‘ll, will veya won’t kelimelerinden sonra fiil yalın kullanılır, yani hiç bir ek almaz.

My parents will be disappointed.

They will visit us tonight.

!!!! HATIRLATMA >> should (shouldn’t), can (can’t, cannot) kendisinden sonra

gelen fiil yalın kullanılır.

Will (‘ll, won’t, will not) bütün öznelerde aynıdır. Özneye göre değişmez.

!!!! Will ile başlayan sorulara verilen cevaplarda, mutla will veya won’t ile cevap verilir.

A: Will you be able to come to the party?

B: Yes, I will.

No, I won’t.

!!!!!! ÖNEMLİ UYARI

I guess ifadeleriyle birlikte “will” veya “won’t” kullanılır.

I think

Maybe

I hope

Probably

Do you think



Do you think your best friend -----

always be your friend?

A) will

B) do

C) is

D) are

E) has

Maybe we ----- move to Arizona

A) are going to

B) will

C) need

D) do

E) did

A: Will it be expensive to buy a BMW?

B: No, it ----- .

A) will

B) does

C) is

D) was

E) won’t

I think he ----- come home very late.

A) will

B) does

C) is

D) is going to

E) was

may might

May ve might, gelecekle ilgili emin olmadığımız eylemleri anlatırken kullanılır.

I may go on for a master’s degree. Yüksek lisans yapabilirim.

I might not be able to afford it. Bunu satın alamayabilirim

Parasal olarak karşılayamayabilirim.

He might look for a better job. Daha iyi bir iş arayabilir.

!!!! May ve might kelimelerinden sonra fiil yalın kullanılır, yani hiç bir ek almaz.

May (May not) ve Might (might not) bütün öznelerde aynıdır. Özneye göre değişmez.

!!!! ÖNEMLİ UYARI

I guess ifadeleriyle birlikte “will” veya “won’t” kullanılır. “may veya might”

I think kullanılmaz.

Maybe

I hope

Probably

Do you think

!!!! I’m not sure (Emin değilim) ifadesinden sonra may veya might kullanılır.



We ----- fly to İzmir tomorrow. Our

tickets are ready.

A) will

B) are going to

C) are

D) are going

E) might

Maybe my friend ----- be a very popular

scientist in the future.

A) is going to

B) might

C) may

D) will

E) is

Be going to

Planlar ve önceden alınan kararlar için “will” yerine “am/is/are going to” veya “şimdi

zaman (am/is/are doing) kalıpları kullanılır.

I’m graduating from university this July. Bu Temmuz üniversiteden mezun oluyorum.

I am going to graduate from university this July.

My friends are going to travel Europe. Arkadaşlarım Avrupa’yı gececekler.

I’m going to retire. Emekli olacağım.

We’re going to have a baby in March. Mart ayında çocuğumuz (bebeğimiz) olacak.

MESLEKLER (JOBS)

firefighter itfaiyeci plumber su tesisatçısı

paramedic doktor yardımcısı letter carrier postacı

police officer polis memuru carpenter mobilya ustası

journalist gazeteci electrician elektrikçi

receptionist resepsiyonist architect mimar

sales representative satış danışmanı business executive iş idarecisi

doctor doctor nurse hemşire

dentist diş hekimi computer specialist bilgisayar uzmanı

assistant asistan



When I ----- home tonight, I’m going to

call you.

A) will get

B) get

C) gets

D) am going to get

E) got

If you ----- help with your homework, I will

help you.

A) will want

B) wants

C) are

D) are going to

E) want

WHEN, AFTER, BEFORE, IF BAĞLAÇLARI

When -dığında / diğinde / olunca After -olduktan sonra

Before - meden/madan önce If Eğer, -olursa

Bu bağlaçların yer aldığı cümlede GENİŞ ZAMAN kullanırız.

!!!! UYARI When bağlacı, geçmiş zamanın hikayesi ile birlikte kullanılabilir. BAKINIZ

Ünite 9, Sayfa 29.

When I finish this exercise, I’m going to watch TV.

Bu alıştırmayı bitirince TV seyredeceğim.

Before I go to bed, I’ll probably eat something.

Uyumadan önce sanırım bir şeyler yiyeceğim.

Maybe I will visit my grandfather next weekend if I have time.

Zamanım olursa, gelecek hafta belki büyükbabamı (dedemi) ziyaret ederim.

If I earn a lot of money, I may buy an expensive car.

Çok para kazanırsam, pahalı bir araba alabilirim.

I hope I will be able to buy a house after I retire.

Emekli olduktan sonra umarım bir ev alabilirim.

What are you going to do when you graduate?

(Mezun olduktan sonra (mezun olunca) ne yapacaksın?)

!!!!!!!!! ÖNEMLİ !!!!!!!!

When/If/After/Before bağlaçlarından sonra fiil kullanırsak bu fiil geniş zaman (büyük

olasılıkla yalın fiil) olur. Diğer cümlede ise “may”, “am/is/are going to”, “will” ifadelerini

kullanırız.



I promise I ----- all my friends dinner if

I win the lottery this year.

A) buy

B) will buy

C) am buying

D) bought

E) buys

If I ever ----- famous, I won’t change.

A) will become

B) am going to become

C) may become

D) become

E) becoming

TEKLİFT BULUNMA / SÖZ VERME İFADELERİ

Let’s order a pizza. (Hadi) pizza sipariş edelim.

I’ll drive. Ben süreyim.

OK. I’ll bring some soda. Tamam. Sodaları (gazlı içecek) ben getiriyim.

All right. I won’t’ drive too fast. Tamam. Çok hızlı sürmeyeceğim.

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