anatomy of conjunctiva
DESCRIPTION
Detailed yet simple presentation which I suppose to be useful for a quick knowledge on "Anatomy & Histology of Conjunctive"TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ANATOMY OF CONJUNCTIVA
-K.MOHAN RAM
![Page 2: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Conjunctiva
Thin, transparent, mucous membrane lining the posterior aspect of eye lid & anterior aspect of eye ball
Latin : conjoin – to join ( it joins the eye ball to the eye lid )
![Page 3: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Conjunctiva
Palpebral Conjunctiva
Marginal Tarsal Orbital
Bulbar Conjunctiva
Scleral Limbal
Conjunctival Fornix
![Page 4: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
PartsOf
Conjunctiva
![Page 5: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Palpebral Conjunctiva
Marginal
Tarsal
Orbital
![Page 6: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Extends from the lid margin ( opening of tarsal gland ) to the sulcus subtarsalis
Sulcus subtarsalis ◦ Marks the inferior edge of the tarsal plate◦ Shallow groove situated 2mm from lid margin
Lacrimal puncta open in the marginal zone
Marginal Conjunctiva
![Page 7: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Firmly adherent to the tarsal plate
Thin+transparent+highly vascular structure
Meibomian glands appear as yellow streaks through the tarsal conjunctiva
Tarsal Conjunctiva
![Page 8: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Extends from the upper border of the tarsal plate to the fornix
Loosely attached to the superior tarsal muscle [Müller’s muscle] and so folds readily
Shallow grooves and elevations are called Stieda’s plateaux and grooves
Orbital Conjunctiva
![Page 9: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Bulbar Conjunctiva
Scleral
Limbal
![Page 10: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Thin, transparent & loosely attached to underlying sclera
Permits the visualization of Conjunctival and episcleral vessels
Separated from the sclera by episcleral vessels and Tenon’s capsule
Scleral Conjunctiva
![Page 11: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
3mm ridge around the cornea
Conjunctiva, Tenon’s capsule and episcleral tissue are fused together
Strongly adherent to sclero-corneal junction
Limbal Conjunctiva
![Page 12: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Joins the bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva
Ducts of the lacrimal gland open into the lateral part of superior fornix
Conjunctival Fornix
![Page 13: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
HISTOLOGY OF
CONJUNCTIVA
![Page 14: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Epithelium
Adenoid Layer
Fibrous Layer
Substantia Propria
Layers Of Conjunctiva
![Page 15: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Conjunctiva Number of layers Cells in the layers
Marginal5 layered non-keratinised
stratified squamous epithelium
Superficial layer: Squamous cells
Middle three layers: Polyhedral cells
Deepest layer: Cylindrical cells
Tarsal and Orbital 2 layers of Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Superficial layer: Cylindrical cells
Deepest layer: cuboidal cells
Fornix and Scleral 3 layers of Stratified, squamous epithelium
Superficial layer: Cylindrical cells
Middle layer: polyhedral cells
Deepest layer: Cuboidal cells
Limbal 10 layers of stratified squamous epithelium
Superficial layer: squamous cells
Middle layer: polygonal cells
Basal- cubical
![Page 16: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Goblet Cells Melanocytes Langerhan’s Cells CALT MALT
Cells Present In Epithelium
![Page 17: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Also called Lymphoid layer
Consists of fine connective tissue reticulum in the meshwork of which lies the lymphocytes
Not present at birth , develops after 2-3 months of life
Adenoid Layer
![Page 18: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Has Collagenous fibres + Elastic fibres
Thicker than adenoid layer except in the Tarsal Conjunctiva
Lodges the Conjunctival vessels and nerves
Fibrous Layer
![Page 19: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Mucin Glands
Goblet Cells
Henle’s Glands
Glands of Manz
Conjunctival Glands
![Page 20: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Unicellular round or oval mucous glands
Absent in the Marginal & Limbal conjunctiva
These cells are destroyed after discharging the contents
Goblet Cells
![Page 21: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Goblet Cell Density
Numerous on nasal side
High in children and young adults
![Page 22: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Not true glands
Tubular structure which contains a few goblet cells
Present in the folds of mucous membrane present in palpebral conjunctiva between tarsal plate & fornices
Resembles the Crypts of Lieberkuhn in large intestine
Henle’s Gland
![Page 23: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Located in the scleral conjunctiva
Arranged in a ring around the cornea, near the scleral junction
Glands of Manz
![Page 24: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Mucin Glands
![Page 25: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Provide a hydrophilic layer that allows for even distribution of the tear film
Ensures tear film stability by reducing the surface tension
Provides lubrication and protects the epithelial cells of cornea and conjunctiva
Functions Of Mucin
![Page 26: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Lie in deep sub - conjunctival tissue of the upper and lower fornices
42 in number in upper fornix and 6 to 8 in lower fornix
In upper fornix they lie between the palpebral part of the lacrimal gland and tarsal plate.
Glands of Krause
![Page 27: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Also called Glands of Ciaccio, larger than Glands of Krause
Situated in the upper border of the tarsus midway between the end of the tarsal glands
2 to 5 in the upper lid and 1-3 in the lower lid
Glands of Wolfring
![Page 28: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Accessory Lacrimal Glands
![Page 29: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Blood Supply , Lymphatics
& Innervation
Of the Conjunctiva
![Page 30: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Blood Supply
Marginal Tarsal Arcade
Peripheral Tarsal Arcade
Anterior Ciliary Arteries
![Page 31: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Arterial Supply
![Page 32: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Venous Drainage
![Page 33: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Lymphatic Drainage
![Page 34: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Nerve Supply
![Page 35: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Applied Anatomy
Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivochalasis
Pinguecula
Pterygium
Rougine
Subconjunctival
hemorrhage
![Page 36: Anatomy of conjunctiva](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052123/5564817fd8b42a361d8b4af1/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)