anchorblock_

Anchor Block Design

AnchorBlock1Calculation for relevent forces:Full supply level at forebay862.49maslInvert level of surge tank828.63maslForces (kN)X- Component (kN), '+'Y- Component (kN), '+'Level of penstock at block location828.63maslComponent of pipe and water weight perpendicular to pipe, F1u565.46-19.73565.12Design dischargeQd28.80m3/sComponent of pipe and water weight perpendicular to pipe, F1d534.82-174.56505.53Gross Headhgross33.86mHydrostatic pressure, F31242.22226.91-1,221.32Surge Headhsurge10.53mComponent of pipe weight parallel to pipe, F4u0.000.000.00Total Headhtotal44.39mComponent of pipe weight parallel to pipe, F4d174.98165.4057.11Unit weight (), angle of friction () and allowable bearing pressure for different soil typesPenstock diameterd3.50mThermally induced force, F5u4135.124,132.60144.31Soil TypeUnit Weight, (kN/m3)Friction Angle, Allowable Bearing Pressure (kN/m2)Thicknees of penstock pipet0.010mThermally induced force, F5d4135.12-3,908.66-1,349.68Soft clays and silts162250Bend position from bottom at y-directiony3.06mDynamic force, F825.564.6725.13Firm clays and firm sandy clays1725100Upstream inclination of pipe2.00Soil Pressure, F1019266.3010,773.5815,972.49Stiff clays and stiff sandy clays2030200Downstream inclination of pipe19.05Block Self Weight, WB4093.340.004,093.34Very stiff boulder clays2032350Uphill ground slope in Degreei56.00SUM11,200.2118,792.05Loose well graded sands and sand/gravel mixture1831100Block volume excluding pipe volumeV186.06m3Calculation for Acting Forces at the Bend of Penstock:Unit weight of concreteconcrete22.00kN/m3Horizontal Forces426.63kNPhysical Characteristics of Common MaterialsWeight of blockWB4093.34kNVertical Forces-1,273.79kNMaterialYoung's Modulus (E) N/mm2Coefficient of Linear Expansion (1) /CUltimate Tensile Strength (S) N/mm2Unit Weight () kN/m2Weight of pipeWP8.49kN/mSteel (ungraded)2.00E+051.25E-0532077Weight of waterWW94.38kN/mCentre of Gravity from US face of the block:5.63mSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/842.00E+051.25E-0541077WP+WW102.87kN/mDistance to US blockLu0.00mGeometry of the block:Distance to DS blockLd63.14mUpstream height of blockH16.00mCutting SectionArea, m2Lever Arm from Heel, mMaximum temperatureThot20.00CDownstream height of blockH25.00mRectangular4.001.00Minimum temperatureTcold5.00CBend position from U/S at x-directionx5.50mTriangular2.000.67Concrete cover over penstock at U/Sz1.00mProperties of steel for penstockOverall Length of blockL11.00mType of steelSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/84Top width of blockLtop5.01mUnit weight of steelsteel77.00kN/m3Width of blockB5.01mMudulus of elasticity of steelE2.00E+05N/mm2Shape of cutRectangularCoefficient of linear expansion11.25E-05/CStep cutting width at heelhc2.00mStep cutting length at heellc2.00mFoundation depth and soil propertiesArea of Heel cut4.00m2Upstream foundation depthh123.00mDownstream foundation depthh28.32mChecking for Safety of the Block:Soil TypeStiff clays and stiff sandy clays1. Safety against overturningUnit weight of soilsoil26.00kN/m3Sum of moment at block heelM113,942.09kN-mSoil friction angle30.00RatioM/FV6.06mKa1.000Eccentricitye0.56mAllowable bearing pressure of soilPallowable600.00kN/m2Allowable eccentricityeallowable1.83> 0.56 m, OK2. Bearing capacityPressure at basePbase445.77kN/m2Pallowable600.00kN/m2OK3. Safety against slidingCoefficient of Limiting Friction at Base of Block0.65FH11,200.21kNFV12,214.83kNOK: Structure needs reinforcement and while designing of reinforcement, block size should be reduce to bring safety against soil bearig capacity.

Pabitra:For concrete/masonry on soil = 0.5

AnchorBlock2Calculation for relevent forces:Full supply level at river862.49maslInvert level of surge tank828.63maslForces (kN)X- Component (kN), '+'Y- Component (kN), '+'Level of penstock at block location795.41maslComponent of pipe and water weight perpendicular to pipe, F1u174.48-92.46147.97Design dischargeQd28.80m3/sComponent of pipe and water weight perpendicular to pipe, F1d616.87-21.53616.49Gross Headhgross67.08mHydrostatic pressure, F3-3757.05-1,098.463,592.89Surge Headhsurge9.82mComponent of pipe weight, F4u284.09240.93150.55Total Headhtotal76.90mComponent of pipe weight, F4d75.4575.412.63Unit weight (), angle of friction () and allowable bearing pressure for different soil typesPenstock diameterd3.50mThermally induced force, F5u4135.123,506.782,191.28Soil TypeUnit Weight, (kN/m3)Friction Angle, Allowable Bearing Pressure (kN/m2)Thicknees of penstock pipet0.010mThermally induced force, F5d4135.12-4,132.60-144.31Soft clays and silts162250Bend position from bottom at y-directiony4.49mDynamic force, F8-44.63-13.05-42.68Firm clays and firm sandy clays1725100Upstream inclination of pipe32.00Soil Pressure, F1012816.9411,519.795,618.58Stiff clays and stiff sandy clays2030200Downstream inclination of pipe2.00Block Self Weight, WB10295.690.0010,295.69Very stiff boulder clays2032350Uphill ground slope in Degreei26.00SUM9,984.8022,429.09Loose well graded sands and sand/gravel mixture1831100Block volume excluding pipe volumeV467.99m3Calculation for Acting Forces at the Bend of Penstock:Unit weight of concreteconcrete22.00kN/m3Horizontal Forces-1,534.98kNPhysical Characteristics of Common MaterialsWeight of blockWB10295.69kNVertical Forces6,514.82kNMaterialYoung's Modulus (E) N/mm2Coefficient of Linear Expansion (1) /CUltimate Tensile Strength (S) N/mm2Unit Weight () kN/m2Weight of pipeWP8.49kN/mSteel (ungraded)2.00E+051.25E-0532077Weight of waterWW94.38kN/mCentre of Gravity from US face of the block:4.07mSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/842.00E+051.25E-0541077WP+WW102.87kN/mDistance to US blockLu63.14mGeometry of the block:Distance to DS blockLd254.63mUpstream height of blockH18.49mCutting SectionArea, m2Lever Arm from Heel, mMaximum temperatureThot20.00CDownstream height of blockH27.00mRectangular4.001.00Minimum temperatureTcold5.00CBend position from U/S at x-directionx2.00mTriangular2.000.67Concrete cover over penstock at U/Sz1.00mProperties of steel for penstockOverall Length of blockL8.00mType of steelSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/84Top width of blockLtop4.11mUnit weight of steelsteel77.00kN/m3Width of blockB9.00mMudulus of elasticity of steelE2.00E+05N/mm2Shape of cutRectangularCoefficient of linear expansion11.25E-05/CStep cutting width at heelhc2.00mStep cutting length at heellc2.00mFoundation depth and soil propertiesArea of Heel cut4.00m2Upstream foundation depthh117.76mDownstream foundation depthh212.39mChecking for Safety of the Block:Soil TypeVery stiff boulder clays1. Safety against overturningUnit weight of soilsoil20.00kN/m3Sum of moment at block heelM90,172.40kN-mSoil friction angle32.00RatioM/FV4.02mKa0.502Eccentricitye0.02mAllowable bearing pressure of soilPallowable350.00kN/m2Allowable eccentricityeallowable1.33> 0.02 m, OK2. Bearing capacityPressure at basePbase316.27kN/m2Pallowable350.00kN/m2OK3. Safety against slidingCoefficient of Limiting Friction at Base of Block0.50FH9,984.80kNFV11,214.55kNOK: Structure needs reinforcement and while designing of reinforcement, block size should be reduce to bring safety against soil bearig capacity.


AnchorBlock3Calculation for relevent forces:Full supply level at river862.49maslInvert level of surge tank828.63maslForces (kN)X- Component (kN), '+'Y- Component (kN), '+'Level of penstock at block location786.76maslComponent of pipe and water weight perpendicular to pipe, F1u514.06-17.94513.74Design dischargeQd28.80m3/sComponent of pipe and water weight perpendicular to pipe, F1d1103.29-709.18845.17Gross Headhgross75.73mHydrostatic pressure, F35256.361,883.71-4,907.24Surge Headhsurge9.8mComponent of pipe weight, F4u82.4082.352.88Total Headhtotal85.53mComponent of pipe weight, F4d0.000.000.00Unit weight (), angle of friction () and allowable bearing pressure for different soil typesPenstock diameterd3.50mThermally induced force, F5u4135.124,132.60144.31Soil TypeUnit Weight, (kN/m3)Friction Angle, Allowable Bearing Pressure (kN/m2)Thicknees of penstock pipet0.010mThermally induced force, F5d4135.12-3,167.69-2,658.00Soft clays and silts162250Bend position from bottom at y-directiony6.00mDynamic force, F856.1320.1252.41Firm clays and firm sandy clays1725100Upstream inclination of pipe2.00Soil Pressure, F100.000.000.00Stiff clays and stiff sandy clays2030200Downstream inclination of pipe40.00Block Self Weight, WB34446.510.0034,446.51Very stiff boulder clays2032350Uphill ground slope in Degreei0.00SUM2,223.9828,439.77Loose well graded sands and sand/gravel mixture1831100Block volume excluding pipe volumeV1565.75m3Calculation for Acting Forces at the Bend of Penstock:Unit weight of concreteconcrete22.00kN/m3Horizontal Forces2,223.98kNPhysical Characteristics of Common MaterialsWeight of blockWB34446.51kNVertical Forces-6,006.74kNMaterialYoung's Modulus (E) N/mm2Coefficient of Linear Expansion (1) /CUltimate Tensile Strength (S) N/mm2Unit Weight () kN/m2Weight of pipeWP8.49kN/mSteel (ungraded)2.00E+051.25E-0532077Weight of waterWW94.38kN/mCentre of Gravity from US face of the block:9.09mSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/842.00E+051.25E-0541077WP+WW102.87kN/mDistance to US blockLu278.08mGeometry of the block:Distance to DS blockLd0.00mUpstream height of blockH111.00mCutting SectionArea, m2Lever Arm from Heel, mMaximum temperatureThot20.00CDownstream height of blockH26.00mRectangular0.000.00Minimum temperatureTcold5.00CBend position from U/S at x-directionx5.00mTriangular0.000.00Concrete cover over penstock at U/Sz1.00mProperties of steel for penstockOverall Length of blockL19.00mType of steelSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/84Top width of blockLtop15.00mUnit weight of steelsteel77.00kN/m3Width of blockB9.00mMudulus of elasticity of steelE2.00E+05N/mm2Shape of cutRectangularCoefficient of linear expansion11.25E-05/CStep cutting width at heelhc0.00mStep cutting length at heellc0.00mFoundation depth and soil propertiesArea of Heel cut0.00m2Upstream foundation depthh15.00mDownstream foundation depthh25.00mChecking for Safety of the Block:Soil TypeVery stiff boulder clays1. Safety against overturningUnit weight of soilsoil20.00kN/m3Sum of moment at block heelM356,483.08kN-mSoil friction angle32.00RatioM/FV12.53mKa0.307Eccentricitye3.03mAllowable bearing pressure of soilPallowable350.00kN/m2Allowable eccentricityeallowable3.17> 3.03 m, OK2. Bearing capacityPressure at basePbase325.70kN/m2Pallowable350.00kN/m2OK3. Safety against slidingCoefficient of Limiting Friction at Base of Block0.50FH2,223.98kNFV14,219.89kNOK: Structure needs reinforcement and while designing of reinforcement, block size should be reduce to bring safety against soil bearig capacity.


AnchorBlockCalculation for relevent forces:Full supply level at river862.49maslInvert level of surge tank828.63maslForces (kN)X- Component (kN), '+'Y- Component (kN), '+'Level of penstock at block location795.41maslComponent of pipe and water weight perpendicular to pipe, F1u118.21-75.9890.55Design dischargeQd28.80m3/sComponent of pipe and water weight perpendicular to pipe, F1d360.060.00360.06Gross Headhgross87.48mHydrostatic pressure, F3-6281.88-2,148.535,903.03Surge Headhsurge9.82mComponent of pipe weight, F4u76.4158.5349.11Total Headhtotal97.30mComponent of pipe weight, F4d0.000.000.00Unit weight (), angle of friction () and allowable bearing pressure for different soil typesPenstock diameterd3.50mThermally induced force, F5u4135.123,167.692,658.00Soil TypeUnit Weight, (kN/m3)Friction Angle, Allowable Bearing Pressure (kN/m2)Thicknees of penstock pipet0.010mThermally induced force, F5d4135.12-4,135.120.00Soft clays and silts162250Bend position from bottom at y-directiony0.99mDynamic force, F8-58.97-20.17-55.41Firm clays and firm sandy clays1725100Upstream inclination of pipe40.00Soil Pressure, F108780.638,350.882,713.36Stiff clays and stiff sandy clays2030200Downstream inclination of pipe0.00Block Self Weight, WB3788.100.003,788.10Very stiff boulder clays2032350Uphill ground slope in Degreei18.00SUM5,197.2915,506.81Loose well graded sands and sand/gravel mixture1831100Block volume excluding pipe volumeV172.19m3Calculation for Acting Forces at the Bend of Penstock:Unit weight of concreteconcrete22.00kN/m3Horizontal Forces-3,153.58kNPhysical Characteristics of Common MaterialsWeight of blockWB3788.10kNVertical Forces9,005.35kNMaterialYoung's Modulus (E) N/mm2Coefficient of Linear Expansion (1) /CUltimate Tensile Strength (S) N/mm2Unit Weight () kN/m2Weight of pipeWP8.49kN/mSteel (ungraded)2.00E+051.25E-0532077Weight of waterWW94.38kN/mCentre of Gravity from US face of the block:2.50mSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/842.00E+051.25E-0541077WP+WW102.87kN/mDistance to US blockLu14.00mGeometry of the block:Distance to DS blockLd0.00mUpstream height of blockH15.00mCutting SectionArea, m2Lever Arm from Heel, mMaximum temperatureThot20.00CDownstream height of blockH25.00mRectangular0.000.00Minimum temperatureTcold5.00CBend position from U/S at x-directionx1.50mTriangular0.000.00Concrete cover over penstock at U/Sz1.00mProperties of steel for penstockOverall Length of blockL5.00mType of steelSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/84Top width of blockLtop5.00mUnit weight of steelsteel77.00kN/m3Width of blockB9.00mMudulus of elasticity of steelE2.00E+05N/mm2Shape of cutRectangularCoefficient of linear expansion11.25E-05/CStep cutting width at heelhc0.00mStep cutting length at heellc0.00mFoundation depth and soil propertiesArea of Heel cut0.00m2Upstream foundation depthh116.50mDownstream foundation depthh216.50mChecking for Safety of the Block:Soil TypeVery stiff boulder clays1. Safety against overturningUnit weight of soilsoil20.00kN/m3Sum of moment at block heelM38,765.73kN-mSoil friction angle32.00RatioM/FV2.50mKa0.377Eccentricitye0.00mAllowable bearing pressure of soilPallowable350.00kN/m2Allowable eccentricityeallowable0.83> 0 m, OK2. Bearing capacityPressure at basePbase344.63kN/m2Pallowable350.00kN/m2OK3. Safety against slidingCoefficient of Limiting Friction at Base of Block0.50FH5,197.29kNFV7,753.41kNOK: Structure needs reinforcement and while designing of reinforcement, block size should be reduce to bring safety against soil bearig capacity.


SupportPierCalculation for relevent forces:Full supply level at river862.49maslInvert level of surge tank828.63maslForces (kN)X- Component (kN), '+'Y- Component (kN), '+'Level of penstock at block location795.41maslSoil Pressure, F10229.99206.72100.82Design dischargeQd28.80m3/sWP+WW411.500.00411.50Gross Headhgross67.08mBlock Self Weight, WB2313.690.002,313.69Surge Headhsurge9.82mSUM206.722,826.01Total Headhtotal76.90mUnit weight (), angle of friction () and allowable bearing pressure for different soil typesPenstock diameterd3.50mCentre of Gravity from US face of the block:2.00mSoil TypeUnit Weight, (kN/m3)Friction Angle, Allowable Bearing Pressure (kN/m2)Thicknees of penstock pipet0.010mSoft clays and silts162250Upstream inclination of pipe32.00Geometry of the block:Firm clays and firm sandy clays1725100Downstream inclination of pipe2.00Upstream height of blockH5.50mStiff clays and stiff sandy clays2030200Uphill ground slope in Degreei26.00Length of blockL4.00mVery stiff boulder clays2032350Block volume excluding pipe volumeV105.17m3Width of blockB5.66mLoose well graded sands and sand/gravel mixture1831100Unit weight of concreteconcrete22.00kN/m3Weight of blockWB2313.69kNChecking for Safety of the Block:Physical Characteristics of Common MaterialsWeight of pipeWP8.49kN/m1. Safety against overturningMaterialYoung's Modulus (E) N/mm2Coefficient of Linear Expansion (1) /CUltimate Tensile Strength (S) N/mm2Unit Weight () kN/m2Weight of waterWW94.38kN/mSum of moment at block heelM4,834.09kN-mSteel (ungraded)2.00E+051.25E-0532077WP+WW102.87kN/mRatioM/FV1.71mSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/842.00E+051.25E-0541077Eccentricitye0.29mProperties of steel for penstockAllowable eccentricityeallowable0.67> 0.29 m, OKType of steelSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/84Unit weight of steelsteel77.00kN/m32. Bearing capacityPressure at basePbase179.01kN/m2Foundation depth and soil propertiesPallowable350.00kN/m2Upstream foundation depthh13.00mOKDownstream foundation depthh23.00m3. Safety against slidingSoil TypeVery stiff boulder claysCoefficient of Limiting Friction at Base of Block0.65Unit weight of soilsoil20.00kN/m3FH206.72kNSoil friction angle32.00FV1,836.90kNKa0.502OKAllowable bearing pressure of soilPallowable350.00kN/m2


AnchorBlock4Calculation for relevent forces:Full supply level at river1852.87maslInvert level of surge tank1816.88maslForces (kN)X- Component (kN), '+'Y- Component (kN), '+'Level of penstock at block location1789.93maslComponent of pipe and water weight perpendicular to pipe, F1u1644.760.001,644.76Design dischargeQd61.66m3/sComponent of pipe and water weight perpendicular to pipe, F1d3218.63-1,752.992,699.37Gross Headhgross62.94mHydrostatic pressure, F37103.892,017.61-6,811.35Surge Headhsurge17.22mComponent of pipe weight, F4u0.000.000.00Total Headhtotal80.16mComponent of pipe weight, F4d0.000.000.00Unit weight (), angle of friction () and allowable bearing pressure for different soil typesPenstock diameterd4.50mThermally induced force, F5u57518.9557,518.950.00Soil TypeUnit Weight, (kN/m3)Friction Angle, Allowable Bearing Pressure (kN/m2)Thicknees of penstock pipet0.106mThermally induced force, F5d57518.95-48,239.45-31,327.06Soft clays and silts162250Bend position from bottom at y-directiony13.75mDynamic force, F8135.7938.57130.20Firm clays and firm sandy clays1725100Upstream inclination of pipe0.00Soil Pressure, F10114906.6788,023.6173,860.58Stiff clays and stiff sandy clays2030200Downstream inclination of pipe33.00Block Self Weight, WB36341.330.0036,341.33Very stiff boulder clays2032350Uphill ground slope in Degreei40.00SUM97,606.3076,537.83Loose well graded sands and sand/gravel mixture1831100Block volume excluding pipe volumeV1651.88m3Calculation for Acting Forces at the Bend of Penstock:Unit weight of concreteconcrete22.00kN/m3Horizontal Forces9,582.69kNPhysical Characteristics of Common MaterialsWeight of blockWB36341.33kNVertical Forces-33,664.08kNMaterialYoung's Modulus (E) N/mm2Coefficient of Linear Expansion (1) /CUltimate Tensile Strength (S) N/mm2Unit Weight () kN/m2Weight of pipeWP118.11kN/mSteel (ungraded)2.00E+051.25E-0532077Weight of waterWW156.02kN/mCentre of Gravity from US face of the block:9.46mSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/842.00E+051.25E-0541077WP+WW274.13kN/mDistance to US blockLu13.00mGeometry of the block:Distance to DS blockLd0.00mUpstream height of blockH116.50mCutting SectionArea, m2Lever Arm from Heel, mMaximum temperatureThot20.00CDownstream height of blockH27.00mRectangular140.0010.00Minimum temperatureTcold5.00CBend position from U/S at x-directionx6.00mTriangular70.006.67Concrete cover over penstock at U/Sz0.50mProperties of steel for penstockOverall Length of blockL20.00mType of steelSteel to IS 226/75 or IS 2062/84Top width of blockLtop8.00mUnit weight of steelsteel77.00kN/m3Width of blockB10.00mMudulus of elasticity of steelE2.00E+05N/mm2Shape of cutTriangularCoefficient of linear expansion11.25E-05/CStep cutting width at heelhc7.00mStep cutting length at heellc20.00mFoundation depth and soil propertiesArea of Heel cut70.00m2Upstream foundation depthh110.00mDownstream foundation depthh20.00mChecking for Safety of the Block:Soil TypeVery stiff boulder clays1. Safety against overturningUnit weight of soilsoil20.00kN/m3Sum of moment at block heelM971,118.10kN-mSoil friction angle32.00RatioM/FV12.69mKa1.000Eccentricitye2.69mAllowable bearing pressure of soilPallowable350.00kN/m2Allowable eccentricityeallowable3.33> 2.69 m, OK2. Bearing capacityPressure at basePbase691.30kN/m2Pallowable350.00kN/m2Not OK3. Safety against slidingCoefficient of Limiting Friction at Base of Block0.65FH97,606.30kNFV49,749.59kNNot OKNote: The structure will experience over burden soil. Hence taken nominal dimension.


ConcVolumeNo.Volume per Block, m3Total Volume, m3Anchor Block 11186186Anchor Block 2115661566Anchor Block 3100Anchor Block 4116521652Support Pier 1116601660Support Pier 2100Support Pier 3111051157Support Pier 41342342Total0

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