ancient africa and the classical age
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Egyptians and Beyond. Ancient Africa and the Classical Age. Chapter 2 Section 2: The Egyptians Pages 26-34. The First Civilizations 5000 BC-332 BC. Teaching Objectives:. Discuss the major achievements of each period of Egyptian civilization - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Egyptians and Beyond
Chapter 2 Section 2: The Egyptians
Pages 26-34
Discuss the major achievements of each period of Egyptian civilization
Identify the functions of the individuals in the class structure of Egyptian society
Examine the importance of religion in the Egyptian culture
VOCABULARY GEOGRAPHY Dynasty Pharaoh Theocracy Polytheism Monotheism Hieroglyphics Lineage Griots
Egypt Nile River Kush Sahara Kalahari Niger River Congo River Zambezi Red Sea Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean
Egypt Nile River Kush Sahara Kalahari Niger River Congo River Zambezi Red Sea Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean
Predynastic 3100 – 2700 BC King Menes unites
Egypt Old Kingdom
2700 – 2200 BC Pyramid Age
Middle Kingdom 2000 – 1800 BC Princes of Thebes
New Kingdom 1600 – 1100 BC Imperialistic Egypt
Upper Class Priests, court
nobility and land nobility
Middle Class Skilled artisans,
traders, teachers, artists, doctors and scribes
Lower Class Slaves and peasants
Theocracy Polytheism vs.
Monotheism Mummification Good Conduct
Hieroglyphic showing mummification
Religion Theocracy
Writing Hieroglyphics
Math Calendar
Building Pyramids and Sphinx
Medical advancements
Example of calendar
The geography of Africa helped to vary cultures Coast Desert Savanna Forest
Name of
Region
Size of Area
Native Vegetat
ion
Agriculture
Population
Way of Life
Coast
Desert
Savanna
Forest
FARMING HERDING
Hieroglyphics Not deciphered
Ironwork Stronger tools
and military Cultural center
On a trade route so many people passed through
Lineage Religion
Priests that can predict crops and rain
Politics Chiefs develop
power through raising armies, collecting taxes, and settling court cases
Africans passed their history on by word of mouth
Predict how this may cause problems Griots
People looked to trade Silent Trade
Ghana Wangara—Gold
for salt Mali Songhai
Taghaza—Salt for gold
Large empire based on trade and agriculture by 600 AD Controlled the gold
trade Strong central
government controlled by a partly divine king Appointed officers Final judge in court
cases
When the king appears in public… Servants Princes and
Advisers King controls
the gold Trade Taxes
Capital of Ghana
2 cities King Traders
Decline Attack of the
Almoravids
Sundiata and the king of Ghana had a past
Convert to Islam Timbuktu
becomes a center of wealth and learning
Struggled to seize power
Sonni Ali takes power as a brutal tyrant Led by fear
Successor to Sonni Ali Reversed the
harsh policy Expands the
Songhai Empire
Most organized and efficient West African states So what
happened?
The trade winds blew sailors back and forth between India and Africa
Islamic trade of the 7th century
Ibn Batuta Most beautiful
and well constructed towns he had seen
Large palaces Mansions Mosques Town squares Arched walkways
Swahili Culture Blend of Islamic,
African, and Asian cultures and languages
The Portuguese try to set up trade with the Swahili
Trade on the East African coast was peaceful until the Portuguese showed up!
In 1868, a European hunter stumbled across the ruins of this civilization!
The Shona Descended from
the Bantu people who probably migrated from the Congo forest
By the 1400’s, they were well developed
Semi-divine King Palace was a
busy place! 1000 people lived
there including the king, his wives, advisers, and officers
Portuguese trade Internal quarrels
of the ruling family
Ndebele—people from the south attacked
European prospectors
Agriculture and trade flourished Benin Dahomey Kongo Asante
Slave trade especially
Strong kings (Obas) help Benin grow wealthy and powerful 1000s AD-1st Oba 1300s—Oba
Ewedo 1400s—Oba
Eware the Great
Religious rulers Role of women Government
The town is composed of 30 main street, very straight and 120’ wide, apart from an infinity of small intersecting streets. The houses are close to one another, arranged in good order; they have roofs, verandahs, and balustrades [railings]…they wash and scrub their houses so well that they are polished and shining like a looking-glass…They are people who have good laws and a well organized police.
1472-Portuguese arrive in Benin to trade muskets and goods for gold
By 1500, English, French and Dutch were also trading with Benin
Slavery was allowed Begin to kidnap
Middle Passage 10 weeks long
ship ride Held in chains
packed below deck