android anopenplatformformobiledevices 090311151621 phpapp02

7/28/2019 Android Anopenplatformformobiledevices 090311151621 Phpapp02

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AndroidAn Open Platform for Mobile Devices


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Outline

Introduction

What is Android?

Android: How it came to be

Android Features Android Architecture

Anatomy of an Android Application

Hello Android

Life Cycle of an Android Application

Future of Android


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What is Android?

Android

Open, free software platform for mobile devices with a completesoftware stack

Operating system

Middleware

Key mobile applications

Based on Linux operating system

Made available as open source via the Apache v2 license

Industry can add proprietary functionality to their products without givinganything back to the platform

Companies can remove functionality if they choose


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Android: How it came to be

Android

The first complete, open and free mobile platform

Release in November 2007

Initially rumored to be some kind of Gphone

An Open Handset Alliance Project


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Open Handset AllianceAndroid: How it came to be

Open Handset Alliance

Group of more that 30 technology and mobile companiesdeveloping Android

Goal

Accelerate innovation in mobile and offer consumers a richer, lessexpensive, and better mobile experience


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Open Handset AllianceAndroid: How it came to be

Members of the Alliance

Mobile Operators

Semiconductor Companies

Handset Manufacturers

Software Companies

Commercialization Companies


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OpenAndroid is...

Allows access to core mobile device functionality throughstandard API calls

Example

Application can call core functionality such as making calls, sending text

messages, using camera...

Developers can create richer and more cohesive experiences for users

Since it's open source, it can be liberally extended as newtechnologies emerge


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Advantages of an Open PlatformAndroid is...Open

Consumers

Cheaper mobile devices

More innovative mobile devices and services

Easier-to-use user interfaces

Rich portfolio of applications


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Mobile Operators

Lower overall cost of handsets

They will have complete flexibility to customize and differentiatetheir product lines

More rapid innovation in handsets and services


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Handset manufacturers

Lower software BOM (bill of material) costs

Faster time-to-market for handset

Greater flexibility to customized and differentiate product offerings


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Semiconductor companies

As cellphone-on-a-chip becomes a reality

Semiconductor companies will need to access more sophisticated softwarethat take advantage of the enhanced features (3D graphics, signal processor

cores, dedicated blocks of multimedia acceleration etc) An open platform will give support to these new peripherals in the

platform and will allow semiconductor companies to give 3rd partydevelopers access to these enhanced features in a timely manner


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Software companies

Allow simplified integration of software components into acomplete mobile platform

More income for them

Handset manufacturers will invest in high value and differentiated softwarecomponents since there are lower acquisition costs in the mobile platform


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Developers

Able to innovate rapidly because they will have comprehensiveAPI access to handset capabilities that are web-ready

Increase productivity

Comprehensive and easy-to-use developer tools

Deeper understanding of the underlying platform will lead them tobetter optimize their applications

Distribution and commercialization of mobile applications will be

less expensive and easier


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All Applications are EqualIn Android...

Android does not differentiate between the phone's basicand third party applications

All applications have equal access to the phone's capabilities

Example:

The dialer and home screen can be replaced


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Breaking down boundariesAndroid is...

Information from the web can be combined with data onthe phone

Example:

Contacts, calendar or geographic location


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Fast and Easy DevelopmentAndroid allows...

SDK (Software development kit) includes

True device emulator and advanced debugging tools

Useful libraries and tools

Example

Obtain location of the device

Allow devices to communicate with one another


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No REAL Android Phones YetAs of the time these slides are made: April 29, 2008

http://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpg

Android HTC PrototypeAndroid Emulator

Willcom Android demoreference board

http://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpg


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Android Features

Application framework

enable reuse and replacement of components

Dalvik virtual machine

optimized for mobile devices

Integrated browser

based on the open source WebKit engine

Optimized graphics

powered by a custom 2D graphics library

3D graphics based on the OpenGL ES 1.0 specification (hardwareacceleration optional)


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Android Features

SQLite

For structured data storage

Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats

MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF

GSM Telephony (hardware dependent)

Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and WiFi (hardware dependent)

Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer (hardware dependent)


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Android Features

Rich development environment which includes

device emulator

tools for debugging

memory and performance profiling

a plugin for the Eclipse IDE


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Android Architecture

Major components of the Android OS

Java

C/C++


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Linux KernelAndroid Architecture

Linux Kernel 2.6

Abstraction layer between the hardware and softwarestack

Why Linux?

Proven driver model and has existing drivers Has memory management, security management, networking,

core operating system infrastructure, etc.

Robust and already has been proven over time


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LibrariesAndroid Architecture

Written in C and C++

The core power of the Android platform


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Responsible for composing different drawing surfaces(ex: diff. windows/applications/process all drawing atthe same time) to the screen

Make up the core of the graphics library.OpenGL (3D graphics engine)SGL (2D graphics engine)

Can combine 3D and 2D graphics in the same application


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Provided by PacketVideo OpenCoreSupport for: MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, and PNG

Bitmap and Vector font rendering Secure Sockets LayerProtocol for transmitting private documents


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A powerful lightweight relational database engine

An open source browser engine.Used as the core of the browser which isthe same browser powering Safari.


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Android RuntimeAndroid Architecture

Main Component: Dalvik Virtual Machine

Optimized for running in an embedded environment (limitedmemory, CPU,battery)

Runs .dex files (bytecodes)

.class.jar files

Convertedat build

timeOptimized!More efficient!


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Android RuntimeAndroid Architecture

Core Library

Contains all the collection classes, utilities, IO, etc.


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Application FrameworkAndroid Architecture

Toolkit that all applications (core, by Google, you:)...)

* XMPP: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol An open XML technology for real-time communication (instant messaging, shared editing, etc)

All written using the

Java ProgrammingLanguage


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Manages the lifecycle of applications and provides a common navigation backstack

Keeps track what applications are installed in device

Manages Windows

Contains APIs used to build the phone application


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Allows applications to share data with other applications (ex: contact info is available to others)

Used to store localized strings, bitmaps, layout file descriptions, etc.

Contains all building blocks of the UI

Provides support for location-based services*

* Support depends on the underlying device


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Handles notification of users about events that happenExamples of notification forms: persistent icon in the status bar, vibrating, playing sound, etc.)

Allows applications to communicate between devices through GtalkService.GtalkService maintains a persistent socket connection, therefore the response

time is faster than SMS.


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ApplicationsAndroid Architecture

Core Applications

Email client

SMS program

Calendar

Maps

Browser

Contacts

etc

All applications arewritten using the

Java Programming

Language


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Anatomy of an Android Application

Application Building Blocks

Activity

Intent Receiver

Service

Content Provider

i i


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ActivityAnatomy of an Android Application

Activity

UI typically correspondingto one screen

Move through screens by

starting other activitiesExample

Email application has 3 majoractivity

List your mail

Chosen individual mailmessage

Compose screen

I R i


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Intent ReceiverAnatomy of an Android Application

Intent Receiver

Responds to notifications or status changes

Can wake up your process

Doesn't run unless triggered by an external event

Example

Only run an application when connected to the network

S i


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ServiceAnatomy of an Android Application

Service

Faceless task that runs in the background

Example

Music player

Keeps playing even though you are navigating to other parts

C t t P id


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Content ProviderAnatomy of an Android Application

Content Provider

Enables applications to share data

Example

Any application can access the contacts database

H ll A d id


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Hello AndroidA Peek at an Android App

Hello And oid


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Hello Android


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Hello Android


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A li ti Lif l


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Application Lifecycle

Every application runs its own process Benefits: security, protected memory, applications using CPU

intensively won't block other activities

A li ti Lif l


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Processes are started and stopped as needed to run an

application's components



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Processes are started and stopped as needed to run an

application's components

Processes may be killed to reclaim resources

It's my problem to launch/

kill processes, manageresources, saving states,

etc.

Interesting APIs


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Interesting APIs

Will Android succeed?


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Will Android succeed?Future of Android

Charles GolvinWhile I believe the effort by the OpenHandset Alliance will have a significantimpact on the market, I think it will build

slowly over time.Even if there is a tidal wave of new devicesusing the Android platform, they will stillrepresent a relatively small portion of theoverall market.http://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htm

http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/

Steve Balmer (CEO Microsoft)Google's efforts are still on paper right nowit's hard to do a very clear comparison.

In terms of openness and broad support,we've done very well with Windows mobile...etc.We'll have to see what Google does.http://youtube.com/watch?v=zwIUEnXctuA

http://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htmhttp://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://youtube.com/watch?v=zwIUEnXctuAhttp://youtube.com/watch?v=zwIUEnXctuAhttp://youtube.com/watch?v=zwIUEnXctuAhttp://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/04/roundup-more-google-departures-the-future-of-android-and-more/http://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htmhttp://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htmhttp://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htmhttp://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htmhttp://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htmhttp://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htmhttp://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htmhttp://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htmhttp://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htmhttp://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,1000000085,39290579,00.htm


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Steve Balmer(Microsoft) & Nigel Clifford(Symbian) on Androidhttp://youtube.com/watch?v=zwIUEnXctuA

http://youtube.com/watch?v=zwIUEnXctuAhttp://youtube.com/watch?v=zwIUEnXctuA


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Cranky Geeks

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SOgRMi4ad3c&NR=1

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SOgRMi4ad3c&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SOgRMi4ad3c&NR=1


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I guess we'll just have to wait and see...:)


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Vielen Dank fr die Aufmerksamkeit!

References


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References

General Information

http://code.google.com/android/

http://www.openhandsetalliance.com/

http://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.html

http://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphone

http://www.xmpp.org/

http://www.youtube.com/ (Androidology series)

Images

http://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpg

http://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpg

http://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpg

http://www.openhandsetalliance.com/

http://code.google.com/android/
http://code.google.com/android/http://www.openhandsetalliance.com/http://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.xmpp.org/http://www.youtube.com/http://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.openhandsetalliance.com/http://code.google.com/android/http://code.google.com/android/http://code.google.com/android/http://www.openhandsetalliance.com/http://www.openhandsetalliance.com/http://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/willcom_core_android_module_2.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.google-phone.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/android_htc_prototype_live_image_1.jpghttp://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpghttp://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpghttp://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpghttp://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpghttp://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpghttp://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpghttp://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpghttp://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpghttp://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpghttp://www.phonemag.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/android_feb08_sdk_one.jpghttp://www.youtube.com/http://www.xmpp.org/http://www.xmpp.org/http://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.webpronews.com/blogtalk/2006/12/18/apples-iphone-then-googles-gphonehttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.intomobile.com/2007/08/27/google-gphone-confirmed-as-low-cost-sub-100-device.htmlhttp://www.openhandsetalliance.com/http://www.openhandsetalliance.com/http://code.google.com/android/http://code.google.com/android/

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