animal kingdom – pt 3 dr. james whitfield. phylum - arthropoda the phylum arthropoda is the...

Animal Kingdom – Pt 3Animal Kingdom – Pt 3Dr. James WhitfieldDr. James Whitfield

Phylum - ArthropodaPhylum - Arthropoda

The phylum arthropoda is the largest of all The phylum arthropoda is the largest of all the animal phyla, it includes the insects, the animal phyla, it includes the insects, arachnids, myriapods, and crustaceans. arachnids, myriapods, and crustaceans.


Arthropods have organ level organization. Arthropods have organ level organization. The are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, The are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, segmented, coelomate animalssegmented, coelomate animals



Arthropods are covered by a chitinous Arthropods are covered by a chitinous exoskeleton (Chitin is a long chain polymer of exoskeleton (Chitin is a long chain polymer of glucose similar to cellulose)glucose similar to cellulose)



Arthropods are covered by a chitinous Arthropods are covered by a chitinous exoskeleton (Chitin is a long chain polymer of exoskeleton (Chitin is a long chain polymer of glucose similar to cellulose)glucose similar to cellulose)

The body consists of a head, thorax and The body consists of a head, thorax and abdomen, with a series of jointed appendagesabdomen, with a series of jointed appendages


Arthropods have varied respiratory systems Arthropods have varied respiratory systems which include gills (found in shrimp), book which include gills (found in shrimp), book gills (found in horseshoe crabs), book lungs gills (found in horseshoe crabs), book lungs (found in arachnids) or a tracheal system (found in arachnids) or a tracheal system found in insectsfound in insects


Arthropods have sensory organs that include, Arthropods have sensory organs that include, antennae, simple and compound eyes and antennae, simple and compound eyes and organs of balance called statocytesorgans of balance called statocytes


Arthropods have sensory organs that include, Arthropods have sensory organs that include, antennae, simple and compound eyes and organs antennae, simple and compound eyes and organs of balance called statocytesof balance called statocytes

The statocyst consists of a sac-like structure The statocyst consists of a sac-like structure containing a mineralised mass (statolith) and containing a mineralised mass (statolith) and numerous innervated sensory hairs (setae). The numerous innervated sensory hairs (setae). The statolith's inertia causes it to push against the statolith's inertia causes it to push against the setae when the animal accelerates. Deflection of setae when the animal accelerates. Deflection of setae by the statolith in response to gravity setae by the statolith in response to gravity activates neurons, providing feedback to the activates neurons, providing feedback to the animal on change in orientation and allowing animal on change in orientation and allowing balance to be maintained.balance to be maintained.


Statocyte

Statolith Setae


Arthropods contain malphigian tubules for Arthropods contain malphigian tubules for excretion. Malphigian tubules are found in the excretion. Malphigian tubules are found in the posterior end of the alimentary canal. They posterior end of the alimentary canal. They filter material from the hemocoel and transfer filter material from the hemocoel and transfer it into the digestive system for removslit into the digestive system for removsl


Most arthropods are oviparous – this means Most arthropods are oviparous – this means they lay eggs with no internal development. they lay eggs with no internal development. Fertilization however is internalFertilization however is internal

Compare this to mammals that are Compare this to mammals that are vivaporous – meaning the embryo develops vivaporous – meaning the embryo develops inside the motherinside the mother

Economic ImportanceEconomic Importance

It is impossible to underestimate the economic It is impossible to underestimate the economic importance of arthropods, whether it is a importance of arthropods, whether it is a fishing industry supplying crustaceans to fishing industry supplying crustaceans to World markets, or insects pollinating crops World markets, or insects pollinating crops throughout the World, or bees producing throughout the World, or bees producing honey and wax, and silkworms producing silk, honey and wax, and silkworms producing silk, or the morbidity and mortality caused by or the morbidity and mortality caused by vectors such as ticks and mosquitos, the World vectors such as ticks and mosquitos, the World would be a much different place without themwould be a much different place without them

Colony Collapse Disorder in the United StatesColony Collapse Disorder in the United States

More likely that not attribution to Einstein is apocryphal

Phylum - MolluskaPhylum - Molluska

The phylum Molluska is the second largest of The phylum Molluska is the second largest of the animal phylumthe animal phylum



Mollusks are both terrestrial and marineMollusks are both terrestrial and marine




Mollusks have organ level organization, they Mollusks have organ level organization, they have bilateral symmetry. They are have bilateral symmetry. They are triploblastic, coelomate animalstriploblastic, coelomate animals




Mollusks have organ level organization, they Mollusks have organ level organization, they have bilateral symmetry. They are have bilateral symmetry. They are triploblastic, coelomate animalstriploblastic, coelomate animals

The body of mollusks is covered with a The body of mollusks is covered with a calcium shell and is unsegmentedcalcium shell and is unsegmented


Mollusks have a head, a muscular foot and a Mollusks have a head, a muscular foot and a visceral hump (the visceral hump holds the visceral hump (the visceral hump holds the bulk of the digestive, reproductive, excretory, bulk of the digestive, reproductive, excretory, and respiratory systems. A significant part of and respiratory systems. A significant part of the visceral hump consists of the mantle)the visceral hump consists of the mantle)

The space between the hump and the mantle The space between the hump and the mantle (the mantle cavity) contains the respiratory (the mantle cavity) contains the respiratory and excretory functionsand excretory functions


The mouth contains a file-like rasping organ The mouth contains a file-like rasping organ called a radula composed of rows of tiny called a radula composed of rows of tiny teeth used for scraping and drawing into the teeth used for scraping and drawing into the mouthmouth


The mouth contains a file-like rasping organ The mouth contains a file-like rasping organ called a radula composed of rows of tiny called a radula composed of rows of tiny teeth used for scraping and drawing into the teeth used for scraping and drawing into the mouthmouth

Mollusks are diocious and oviparousMollusks are diocious and oviparous

Phylum - Phylum - EchinodermataEchinodermata

Echinodermata have a endoskeleton Echinodermata have a endoskeleton composed of calcified ossicles – hence the composed of calcified ossicles – hence the name which means spiny bodiedname which means spiny bodied


Echinodermata have a endoskeleton Echinodermata have a endoskeleton composed of calcified ossicles – hence the composed of calcified ossicles – hence the name which means spiny bodiedname which means spiny bodied

All echinoderms are marine with an organ All echinoderms are marine with an organ level system of organization, they are level system of organization, they are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, coelomate animals with a complete digestive coelomate animals with a complete digestive systemsystem


The most distinctive feature of echinoderms The most distinctive feature of echinoderms is the is the water vascular system water vascular system which helps with which helps with locomotion, capture and transport of food locomotion, capture and transport of food and respirationand respiration


Echinoderms are diocious, reproduction is Echinoderms are diocious, reproduction is sexual with external fertilizationsexual with external fertilization

Phylum - HemichordataPhylum - Hemichordata

Formally a subphylum of Chordata however it Formally a subphylum of Chordata however it is now considered its own phylumis now considered its own phylum



This phylum consists of a small group of This phylum consists of a small group of worm-like marine organisms that exhibit worm-like marine organisms that exhibit bilateral symmetry, are triploblastic bilateral symmetry, are triploblastic coelomatescoelomates



This phylum consists of a small group of This phylum consists of a small group of worm-like marine organisms that exhibit worm-like marine organisms that exhibit bilateral symmetry, are triploblastic bilateral symmetry, are triploblastic coelomatescoelomates

There body is shaped like a cylinder with an There body is shaped like a cylinder with an anterior proboscis, a collar and a long trunkanterior proboscis, a collar and a long trunk


Hemichordates are exceptionally important Hemichordates are exceptionally important because they are an evolutionary link because they are an evolutionary link between the invertebrates and the between the invertebrates and the vertebrates. They contain gill slits like vertebrates. They contain gill slits like vertebrates, with a notochord in the upper vertebrates, with a notochord in the upper body but no nerve chordbody but no nerve chord

animal kingdom – pt 3 dr. james whitfield. phylum - arthropoda the phylum arthropoda is the...

Documents

animal phylummollusks

organ level organization

animal phyla

sensory organs

organs of balance

animal kingdom pt

coelomate animalsarthropods

chitinous exoskeleton