Anti-hail system - geonomic component of modern science

DOREL ZUGRAVESCU1, GHEORGHE MANOLEA2, LAURENTIU ALBOTEANU3,CONSTANTIN ŞULEA4

1Romanian Academy, 2,3,4Faculty of Engineering in Electromechanics, Environment and Industrial Informatics

University of Craiova 107, Decebal Bl., 200440, Craiova, Tel.0251 435 724, Fax. 0251 435 255

ROMANIA dorezugr@geodin.ro, ghmanolea@gmail.com, lalboteanu@em.ucv.ro, constantin.sulea@gmail.com

Abstract: - This paper present the researches objectives related to hail suppression system, strategies for combating hail and proposals as regards the geonomic informatic hail – precipitation system Key-Words: - anti-hail, geonomic component, informatic system.

1 Introduction A national anti-hail system was established in our country in 1999 [26], and recently was established a National Authority [27] against hail fall and for the stimulation of the rainfall. During the mentioned period were developed a lot of research activities supported by government bodies [25] or by businesses, and presently there are concerns for the extension of these activities through doctoral researches, through international, cross-border or regional partnerships researches. It can be said that the management of hail fall and the rainfall stimulation has become, in our country, a current preoccupation with conceptual, descriptive and predictive valences, specific in scientific areas.

In this context a question arises: in what scientific field may be assigned these researches which as I have previously mentioned, have passed the stage of "interdisciplinary" activities?

The answer may be: these researches are part of the science called geonomy.

The geonomy is a body of knowledge coherently gathered in order to “describe the reality of space but also the laws and the conditions in which these may change” [28] This science, relatively new, through his conceptual valence which ensures the modeling of the space reality, allows the drawing of predictive conclusions in order to prevent the consequences of actions which can affect the environment.

We also have to mention that the term geonomy was used in 1909, by the Romanian biologist Gregore Antipa in order to describe the rational management system which he had designed for both meadow and Danube Delta [22].

2 The researches objectives related to suppression system The climate changes in the last decades led to intensification of the hail falling processes, and also to the alternation in long periods of drought. In this context, several countries in the world practice simple solutions or have developed complex anti-hail systems to increase efficiency of action against hail fall. Anti-hail systems are used in 29 countries and several projects are ongoing.

The researches which take place in the world presently have the following objectives:

- The improvement of technological actions by studying micro and macro physical processes of formation and evolution of cloudy and condensation systems;

- The reduction of the response time by automating intervention systems (detection, determination of parameters of seeding, launching and monitoring of physical efficiency);

- Improvement of the monitoring criteria of physical and economic efficiency actions, the increasing of dispersion elements of active agents efficiency (by shortening the nucleation time and by the increase of the activities);

- Identification of new areas of systems’ application, taking into account the progresses realized in influencing the weather phenomena.

3 Strategies for combating hail To reduce the effects of hail have been used over time, different methods, different equipment and technologies. Modern solutions that can be applied to protect large areas, can be automated and allows a mathematical modeling process are based on seeding clouds with

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ISSN: 1790-2769 70 ISBN: 978-960-474-182-3

Strategy

Proceed

Equipments

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silver iodide molecules. The difference is determined by the method of seeding the clouds (fig.1). .

Fig.1 Explanatory note on methods of seeding clouds with silver iodide

The easiest way use silver iodide generators located on

the ground and are usually used by hand. Seeding by plane can be done at the right time and right place, excepting the heavy clouds, while the seeding using ground-launched missile is exact and efficient. The last two methods are used in many countries, according to the national or regional strategy, and sometimes these methods are used in combination. In our country was formalized the method of seeding with rocket missiles, beside there were researches [ ] for the use of airplanes. System (fig.2) is composed of several fighting hail units, out of which that from Ploiesti-Buzau area is functional, the one from Vrancea-Iaşi area is to be put into service, and in the future will be expanded another one in Dolj County.

Fig.2 The Romanian anti-hail system

4. Structure of an Anti-hail Unit A hail Combat Unit includes a weather station equipped with weather radar with a Dopler effect, a central control point and several local points of anti-hail missile launch (fig.3). A local point of missile launch is equipped with

two firing platforms (fig.4), manufactured by SC Electromechanics Ploiesti. Each platform can launch up to 12 rockets in a minute.

Fig.3 The structure of an Anti-hail Unit

Fig.4 Lunch missile platform made in Electromechanics Ploieşti

5 Proposals as regards the geonomic informatic hail – precipitation system The geonomic informatic system is a set of strategies, procedures, activities and equipments related informational and functional (fig.5) in order to ensure the prevention of damage caused by hail and prevent desertification by encouraging rainfall and by maintaining the natural balance.

Fig.5 The informatic geonomic anti-hail system

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Weather station

Rocket lunch point

P1

Rocket lunch point

P4

Rocket lunch point

P8

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ISSN: 1790-2769 71 ISBN: 978-960-474-182-3

Hardware structure of the computer geonomic hail-precipitation system (fig.6.) includes the following subsystems: - Equipment to identify potential clouds carriers of hail - Equipment for anti-hail missile launch coordination - Automatised equipment for anti-hail rockets lunch - Equipment for supplying electric power from photovoltaic panels

Fig.6 The hardware of the informatic geonomic hail-precipitation system

Legend Fig.6 1 - calculation system A – Anti- hail subsystem B- Rainfall stimulation subsystem C- Irrigation subsystem D- Identification parameters and measuring for the maintaining the natural balance subsystem A1-Equipments for supplying electric power from photovoltaic panels A2-Equipments used to identify potential clouds carriers of hail A3-Equipments for the coordination of the anti-hail rocket launch A4-Automatised equipments for the anti-hail rockets launch B1-equipment for supplying electric power from photovoltaic panels B2-equipments for the identification of configurations witch can be potential carriers of precipitation B3-equipments for the coordination of the launch flying objects guided in order to stimulate rainfall B4- equipments for the launch of guided flying objects in order to stimulate rainfall C1-pumping station bus C21 ... C2n Channels C31 ... C3n local irrigation equipments C41 ... C4n equipments for supplying electric power from photovoltaic panels

D1 - Measurement and identification of the parameters for maintaining the natural balance D2 - Measurement of atmospheric parameters D3- Measurement of ramp parameters D4- identification of crops and of specific requirements

The researches made by the authors until now refer to equipments for the coordination of anti-hail missile and to equipments for the supplying of electricity from photovoltaic panels. The results will be presented in detail in the oral exposure.

4 Conclusion 1. If it is accepted the geonomic evolution from “the science that deals with earth structure, studying the laws by which changes occur”, as recorded in the Dictionary of modern Romanian Academy Publishing House published in 1958, to the body of knowledge coherently gathered "to describe the reality of space and the laws but also the conditions in which they may change”, then the hail fall study, the natural phenomena that occur in specific conditions, the study of laws and conditions under which these natural disasters can be managed rationally and scientifically to the needs of nowadays and tomorrow earth’ residents then anti-hail systems can be considered as part of geonomy . 2. From the set of knowledge with conceptual, descriptive, predictive valences, valences specific to the scientific area including geonomy, the knowledge related to conversion systems of the photovoltaic electricity in the electric power are also part of it. 3. The results presented demonstrate the experience, the continuity and the coherence of action, but also the degree of competence at which the team arrived in the automation and monitoring of processes specific to anti-hail systems.

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ISSN: 1790-2769 72 ISBN: 978-960-474-182-3

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Sistemului naţional antigrindină şi de finanţare a acestuia

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